18. Exploration

1. Explorers Arrive in theExplorers Arrive in the
AmericasAmericas
http://slideplayer.com/slide/7996540/http://slideplayer.com/slide/7996540/

3. SPANISH NORTH AMERICA –SPANISH NORTH AMERICA –
SECTION 2SECTION 2
► Columbus crosses theColumbus crosses the
AtlanticAtlantic in October of 1492in October of 1492
and lands in San Salvadorand lands in San Salvador
(“Holy Savior”)(“Holy Savior”)
► Europeans used advancedEuropeans used advanced
weapons to force localsweapons to force locals
into labor:into labor: PlantationPlantation
SystemSystem
► Disease devastated NativeDisease devastated Native
populationpopulation

4. IMPACT OF COLUMBUSIMPACT OF COLUMBUS
 On Africans-On Africans- BeforeBefore
slave trade ended in theslave trade ended in the
1800s, 10 million Africans1800s, 10 million Africans
takentaken
 On Europeans-On Europeans- BiggestBiggest
voluntary migration involuntary migration in
world historyworld history
 On Trade-On Trade- ColumbianColumbian
ExchangeExchange meant newmeant new
goods & products flowedgoods & products flowed
between continentsbetween continents

5. The Columbian Biological Exchange
Old World to New
World:
New World to Old
World:
Diseases: Smallpox
Measles
Chicken Pox
Malaria
Yellow Fever
Influenza
The Common Cold
Syphilis

6. The Columbian Biological
Exchange
Old World to New
World:
New World to Old World:
Animals: Horses
Cattle
Pigs
Sheep
Goats
Chickens
Turkeys
Llamas
Alpacas
Guinea Pigs

7. The Columbian Biological
ExchangeOld World to New
World:
New World to Old World:
Plants: Rice
Wheat
Barley
Oats
Coffee
Sugarcane
Bananas
Melons
Olives
Dandelions
Daisies
Clover
Ragweed
Kentucky Bluegrass
Corn (Maize)
Potatoes (White & Sweet Varieties)
Beans (Snap, Kidney, & Lima Varieties)
Tobacco
Peanuts
Squash
Peppers
Tomatoes
Pumpkins
Pineapples
Cacao (Source of Chocolate)
Chicle (Source of Chewing Gum)
Papayas
Manioc (Tapioca)
Guavas
Avocados

8. SPAIN CLAIMS A NEW EMPIRESPAIN CLAIMS A NEW EMPIRE
► Spanish explorersSpanish explorers
(Conquistadors)(Conquistadors) seizedseized
much of the Americasmuch of the Americas
► CortesCortes conquered theconquered the
Aztecs in MexicoAztecs in Mexico
► PizzaroPizzaro conquered theconquered the
Incas in PeruIncas in Peru
► Exploitation of localExploitation of local
populations was significantpopulations was significant
–– Encomienda SystemEncomienda System
a grant by the Spanish Crown to a colonist in
America conferring the right to demand tribute
and forced labor from the Indian inhabitants of
an area.