2. • Space invites us
• Space intrigues us
• Space – the vast space that
surrounds our planet inspires us

3. The Final Frontier
Describing space as “the
final frontier”, the
starship Enterprise from
Star Trek invites us, “To
boldly go where no man
has gone before”.

4. The Final Frontier
In recent times, mankind has learned
a lot about this vast universe that we
inhabit, and yet despite our best
advances, space still remains a
mystery full of untold stories.

5. Earliest Studies
• The earliest peoples
studied the sky and the
patterns of the stars.
They studied the effects
of the planets on our own
planet.
• Through observation,
they began to understand
the connections between
the sun, the moon, and
the stars in our sky.

6. • They began to create
theories on how
everything was connected.
• The vastness of the
sky, of space, intrigued
them.
• In the earliest times,
they tried to explain what
they were seeing through
their mythology.

7. Astronomy
• Scientists studied
the effects of the
planets on our own
planet.
• They began to
create theories on how
everything was
connected.

8. Definition
• ASTRO› relating to space, the planets, stars, or
other objects in space, or to a structure in
the shape of a star
• Most early societies became interested in different
types of astrology, a belief that the positions of the
heavenly bodies have an effect on the lives of human
beings and events on Earth.
• At this time, astronomy and astrology were the same.

9. The earliest theories were contained in myths which have
come down to us from cultures such as the ancient Greeks
or the Native Americans

10. During the Greek
times people
worshiped gods
and named
planets after
them

11. Neptune was named after the Greek God Poseidon
who was known as the god of the sea

12. • The planet Venus was named after the Greek
Goddess Aphrodite who was the God of Love
and beauty.

13. Every planet was named by the Romans.

14. Early societies
Most early
societies became
interested in
different types of
astrology, the
belief that the
positions of the
heavenly bodies
have an effect on
the lives of human
beings and events
on Earth.

15. Is Earth the Only Planet Where Life
Exists?
• Since the Egyptian
times people have
been speculating about
life on other planets.
• Crop circles are said to
be a sign of aliens
trying to communicate
with humans.
• It was speculated that
aliens helped build the
pyramids of Egypt.

16. Facts
• There are many interesting phenomena in the world
that suggest that aliens do exist.
• Very recently astronomers have discovered a planet
very similar to our own earth. Perhaps, there is life on
this planet.

17. People studied
the motions of
the planets and
used them to
predict not only
the behavior of
the heavens,
but also wars,
natural
disasters, the
rise and fall of
kings, and other
earthly matters.

18. For hundreds of years, mankind believed that the earth
was the center of the Universe

19. Astronomers
Around the time of Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei and
Isaac Newton, astronomers came to realize that astrology
was not very scientific. From that time on, the primary job of
an astronomer was to use physics to understand what was
going on in the sky.

20. Copernicus
• The notion that the Earth revolves around
the Sun had been proposed as early as the
3rd century BC by Aristarchus of Samos but
few people paid any attention
until Copernicus revived and elaborated it.
• He proposed the theory of Heliocentrism, in
which the Earth and planets revolve around a
Sun at the center of the Solar System.

21. Heliocentrism
• The word comes from the Greek (Helios means "sun"
and "center").
• In the following century, Johannes Kepler elaborated
upon and expanded this model to include elliptical
orbits, and supporting observations made using
a telescope were presented by Galileo Galilei.

22. Sun• The sun provides
light and heat to our
planet
• The sun is over five
billion years old and is
said now that it has
already gone through
half of its ten billion life
cycles, which means
that it has already gave
away half of its helium
and power since the
sun was born.

23. Moon
• The moon is a big reason why Earth is how it is now.
• Without the moon Earth would be practically
considered an alien planet because before we had the
moon, Earth was a big ball of lava and spun very fast
and didn’t even have a core yet.
• The moon was formed by an asteroid the size of
Mars that impacted into Earth which caused pieces of
Earth flying and floated around the outside of Earth.

24. After the moon
was formed it
blocked off a lot
of the sun’s heat
which caused the
rains on Earth to
cool down our
planet down a lot
and become one
giant solid planet.
The Moon also
made Earth’s days
go from six hours
to twenty four
hours.

25. • Part of the Asteroid created Earth’s core.
• Some of the floating pieces got caught on to Earth’s atmosphere
and starting merging into each other and then started orbiting
around Earth - that’s how our Moon was created and born.

26. Mars
• Supposedly Mars used to be
a planet that could support life
because scientists have found
that there used to be water
and oxygen on that planet.
• Mars is now a deserted
planet and cannot support life
right now.
• Mars is the second smallest
planet in our solar system after
Mercury.

27. • Astronauts explore
Mars more than any
of the other planets in
our solar system
because it is the only
planet that we can
actually stand on, but
not breathe.
• People have been
exploring Mars for a
long time now.

28. THE FIRST TELESCOPE
In 1609 the Italian astronomer, Galileo, became the
first person to point a telescope skyward.

29. LED TO MORE AND MORE POWERFUL
TEELESCOPES• Twentieth century
astronomers
developed bigger and
bigger telescopes and,
later, specialized
instruments that could
peer into the distant
reaches of space and
time.
• The new Hubble space
telescopes can see and
observe more things in
space Scientist have
been studying space
using these giant
telescopes for over a
hundred years.

30. Rovers
• The First Rover, named Lunokhod, was
sent onto the Moon on November 1970 and
was the first rover ever to be sent into space.
• The mission that Lunokhod was involved
with was called the Luna 17 Moon Voyage.

31. • It was known as the Apollo Lunar Roving Vehicle.
• It was sent into space for about thirty years and brought
back a lot of materials and rocks from the moon which made
scientist learn a lot more about the moon.

32. Buzz Aldrin
• Buzz Aldrin, born on
January 20, 1930, was Neil
Armstrong’s partner and
pilot during the Apollo 11
voyage to the moon.
• He was known to be the
first person to land a rocket
on the moon, but Neil was
the first person to actually
step on the moon.
The day and date of when
Aldrin first stepped on the
moon was after Neil on July
21, 1969. Aldrin was also the
second person to walk on the
moon. Like Neil, Aldrin was
also an astronaut who served
in the military before he
became a famous astronaut.

33. Conclusion
• Neil Armstrong, the
American astronaut
who became the first
person to walk on the
moon famously said,
“That's one small step
for a man, a giant leap
for mankind”.

34. In the past hundred years, through the use of vast telescopes, and
through the expansion of scientific research under Einstein and
other scientists, we have come to understand more and more
about our vast universe. And yet despite all our new knowledge,
there is so much that we cannot fathom, so much we do not know
yet about space.