HOW TO FORMULATION OF PSEUDOMANS

1. WELCOME

2. UNIVERSITYOF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, RAICHUR
college of agriculture, kalaburagi
Submitted to,
Dr. Poornima,
Asst. prof. Plant pathology
ARS Kalaburagi
Mr. Suhas,
Asst. prof. of plant Pathology
A.C., Kalaburagi.
Presented by,
CHANDAN KC
UG14AGR2111
4th year B.Sc.(Agri)
2nd Semister
A.C.,Kalaburagi.
TOPIC:- Commercial Formulation of
Pseudomonas
COURSENAME:-Biopesticide EXL-442 (0+7)

3. Characteristics of Pseudomonas
 A large group of aerobic, non
sporing gram negative
bacteria.
 Found In nature water, soil,
other moist environment
 Wide range of temperature
5°c to 42°c and optimum
temperature 37°c

4. Formulations
 Formulation is the process (laboratory or industrial)of
mixing carrier with selected strain or agent .This
Inoculant is the final product of formulation
 Therefore formulation converts isolate/strain into
commercial product

5. Definition of formulation
 Formulation is blending of active ingredients such as
fungal spores with the inert material such as diluents
and surfactants in order to alter the physical
characteristics in to desirable form.
A final formulation must:
 Be easy to handle.
 Be stable over a range of -5 to 35ºC.
 Have a minimum shelf- life of two years at room
temperature.

6. Characteristics of an ideal formulation
 It Should have long shelf life.
 Should not be phytotoxic to the crop plants.
 It Should tolerate adverse environmental conditions.
 It must be cost effective.
 Carriers must be cheap
Should be compatible with other agrochemicals.
Maintain sufficient viable cell count for the required period
 Maintain microbial cells in good physiological condition
It is ecofriendily to environment

7. Carrier materials used for formulation
Organic carrier materials are
• Poultry waste
• Farmyard manure
• Agri-waste
a) Straw biomass (wheat straw, rice straw, bagasse)
b) Husk biomass (legume pod husk, rice husk)

9. Inorganic carrier material
 It is natural inorganic
polymers
 It is Synthetic nature
Examples
 Vermiculite
 Perlite
 Talc
Talc
Vermiculite
Perlite

10. General characteristics of a carrier
 Sufficient shelf life
 Non-toxic and safe to use
 Easy dispersion and easy to sterilization
 Good moisture absorption and pH buffering capacity
 Suitable for micro-environment
 Easy to process
 It should be cost effective
 Availability of materials

11. Forms of Formulations
 Power / Dry Formulations
 Liquid Formulation

12. Powder formulation
It is more suitable for easy application in the control of plant
disease .
The carrier material used for powder formulations namely
lignite, FYM,peat,and talc.

13. Characteristics Dry formulations
 It Should not harmful to animals and humans .
 Should not affect the environment .
 No residue found in the food and ground water.
 No risk of the pathogens developing resistance
 Easy to apply by farmers.
 High cost benefit ratio

14. Available Pseudomonas dry formulation
product in market

15. Shelf Life of Pseudomonas Formulation
 Talc, peat and lignite based formulation of have a
shelf life of 3 to 4 months.
 Shelf life of talc based formulation up to 180 days
under ambient condition.
 A talc based preparation retain 82% viability at 5 ºC in
refrigerator after 6 months. while at room temperature
same level of viability was observed for a period of 3
months

16. Liquid Formulation
 Liquid formulation containing not only the desired
micro-organisms and their nutrients, but also present
special cell protectants or substances that encourage
formation of resting spore for longer shelf life and
tolerance to advanced condition.

17. Characteristics Liquid formulations
 Liquid formulation have the shelf life of 2 years.
 No effect of high temperature
 It can identified by typical fermented smell.
 Better survival on seeds and soil.
 Application is simple-applied by using hand sprayer,
power sprayer, fertigation tank.
 Dosage of Liquid formulation is 10 times less than carrier
based powder formulations
 It is cheap and eco-friendly

18. Available Pseudomonas liquid
formulation product in market

19. Standards for Pseudomonas formulations
Colony Forming Units (CFUs) should be a minimum
of 2x1060 CFU per ml or gm
Pathogenic contaminants such as Salmonella and
Vibrio should not be present.
 Other microbial Contaminants need not exceed 1x104
count ml/gm.
Moisture content should not be more than 8% for dry
formulation
CFU count on selective liquid media at 10-8 dilution
in incubator(280C) and refrigerator(50C) condition

20. Application of Formulations through

21. Case study
 Effect of different methods of application of
Pseudomonas fluorescens against bacterial
leaf blight under direct sown rice
C. Jeyalakshmi et al
It is published in Journal of Biopesticides, 3(2):
487 - 488 (2010)

22.  Effect of different methods of application of
Pseudomonas fluorescens commercial formulation
under direct seeded wet sowing rice against
bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv.
oryzae) incidence, growth promotion and yield
improvement was assessed under field condition.
They tried the different methods of the combination
of seed treatment, soil application and foliar spray
with P.fluorescens recorded the minimum disease
incidence of bacterial leaf blight with maximum yield
in comparison with the chemical treatment and
control.

23.  Methods of P. fluorescence application they tried
1.wet seed treatment (ST) @ 10g per kg of seed
2.Soil application (SA) @ 2.5 kg ha-1 either basal or
topdressing on 30DAS along with 50 kg of well
decomposed FYM and
3. Foliar spray (FS) @ 0.2 per cent on 60 and 75 DAS.
This combinations compared to the carbendazim
check

24. Conclusion
 Among the fourteen treatments, application of
Pseudomonas as seed treatments followed by
soil application on 30 DAS and foliar spray on
60 and 75 DAS was found to be highly effective
by recording minimum bacterial leaf bight (1.11
%) and maximum yield (4.1 t ha)