1. ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ أﺑــﻮﻇﺒــــﻲ ﻟﻠﺘـﻌـﻠــــﯿﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء‬ ‫:‬ ‫اﻟﻤــــــــــﺎدة‬ ‫إدارة ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ أﺑﻮ ﻇﺒﻲ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﯿﻤﯿﺔ‬
‫: ﺳﺎﻋﺘـﺎن وﻧﺼﻒ‬ ‫زﻣﻦ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﯿﮫ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء‬
‫ﺍ ﺎ ﻥ ﲡﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﻠ ﺼ ﺍ ﻟﺜﺎ ﻧ ﻋ ﺸﺮ ﻟ ﻠ ﻤ ﻲ‬
‫ﺍ ﻌ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺤ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔ ﺼ ﺍ ﻟﺪﺭﺍ ﺳ ﺍ ﻷﻭ ﻝ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﻲ 0102 / 1102 ﻡ‬
‫اﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ) 8 ( ﺻﻔﺤﺎت وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫ﺑﺈﺷراف ﻣوﺟﻪ اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎء / ﻋﺎدل اﻟﺟﻳﺎر‬ ‫إﻋداد ﻣﻌﻠم اﻟﻛﻳﻣﻳﺎء / ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺣﻣد أﺑو اﻟﻌﻼ )أﻛﺎدﻳﻣﻳﺔ اﻟﺟزﻳرة ﻟﻛرة اﻟﻘدم (‬
‫‪el‬‬
‫==============================================================================‬
‫اﻟﺴﺆال اﻷول :‬
‫‪El‬‬
‫52‬
‫08‬
‫أو ً ﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ) ‪ ( ü‬أﻣﺎم اﻟﺘﻜﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ :‬
‫ﻻ‬
‫06‬ ‫1- ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﺸﯿﻂ )‪ ( kJ/ mol‬ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻲ‬
‫04‬
‫02‬
‫0‬ ‫‪u‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﺠﺎور ﺗﺴﺎوي:‬
‫? 001+‬ ‫? 02+‬
‫‪bo‬‬
‫02-‬
‫? 08-‬ ‫? 02-‬
‫أﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺴﻲ‬
‫2- ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ : ‪ 2S(S) + 3O2(g) → 2SO3(g) ∆H = - 792 kJ‬أي اﻟﻌﺒﺎرات اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﺻﺤﯿﺤﺔ :‬
‫‪iA‬‬
‫? ﺣﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ )‪ = SO3 (g‬ﺣﺮارة اﺣﺘﺮاق )‪S(S‬‬ ‫? اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺎص ﻟﻠﺤﺮارة‬
‫? ﺣﺮارة اﺣﺘﺮاق )‪ = S(S‬ﺣﺮارة اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫? ﺣﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ )‪ = SO3 (g‬ﺣﺮارة اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫3- إذا ﻋﻠﻤﺖ أن أﺣﺪ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت ﯾﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻄﻮﺗﯿﻦ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺘﯿﻦ:-‬
‫‪am‬‬
‫‪H2O2 + I‬‬ ‫-‬
‫→‬ ‫-‪H2O + IO‬‬
‫‪H2O2 + IO‬‬ ‫-‬
‫→‬ ‫2‪H2O + I - + O‬‬
‫أي ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﯾﻤﺜﻞ ﺣﻔﺎزً؟‬
‫ا‬
‫? 2‪H2 O‬‬ ‫? ‪H2 O‬‬ ‫? -‪I‬‬ ‫? -‪IO‬‬
‫4- ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺤﺎس ﺗﻤﺘﺺ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ‪ 53.9 J‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺨﻦ ﻣﻦ ‪ 274K‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 314K‬وﻟﮭﺎ ﺣﺮارة ﻧﻮﻋﯿﺔ ﺗﺴﺎوي)‪ ( 0.385 J/g . K‬؟‬
‫‪r:S‬‬
‫? ‪0.04g‬‬ ‫? ‪8.0g‬‬ ‫? ‪3.5g‬‬ ‫? ‪4.0g‬‬
‫5- ﻣﺎ أﺛﺮ زﯾﺎدة درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﺰن : )‪ CH3OH(g) + 110 kJ D CO(g) + 2H2 (g‬؟‬
‫?ﯾﻨﺨﻔﺾ ]‪ [CH3OH‬و ﯾﺰداد ]‪.[CO‬‬ ‫? ﯾﺰداد ]‪ [CH3OH‬وﯾﻨﺨﻔﺾ ]‪.[CO‬‬
‫? ﯾﻘﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ] 2‪ [ H‬و] ‪. [ CO‬‬ ‫? ﯾﺰداد ﻛ ٍ ﻣﻦ]‪ [CH3OH‬و ]‪.[CO‬‬
‫ﻞ‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫6- أي ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺎﻟﯿﻞ اﻷﻣﻼح اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﯾﺤﺪث ﻓﯿﮫ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﻤﯿﺆ ﻛﺎﺗﯿﻮن؟‬
‫? ‪NaF‬‬ ‫? ‪NH4Cl‬‬ ‫? ‪CH3COONa‬‬ ‫? 3‪KNO‬‬
‫7- أي ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ أن ُﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺗﺄﯾﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻀﻌﯿﻔﺔ ؟‬
‫ﯾ‬
‫? اﻟﻀﻐﻂ.‬ ‫? ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ اﻷﯾﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ. ? درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة.‬ ‫? ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة.‬
‫8- ﻣﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﺆﻛﺴﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ : ‪ 4H + Cu + SO4 " Cu + SO2 + 2H2O‬؟‬
‫+‬ ‫-2‬ ‫+2‬
‫? -24‪SO‬‬ ‫? ‪Cu‬‬ ‫? 2‪SO‬‬ ‫? +2‪Cu‬‬
‫9- ﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ؟‬
‫? ‪MnO4 + Cl " Mn + H2O‬‬
‫-‬ ‫-‬ ‫+2‬
‫? 4‪K2MnO4 " MnO2 + KMnO‬‬
‫? ‪HI + HNO2 " NO2 + I2 + H2O‬‬ ‫? 2‪NO3- + I2 " IO3- + NO‬‬
‫01- ﻣﺎ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺪث ﻟﻸﻟﻤﻨﯿﻮم ﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﻼﺻﺔ ﻣﻦ 3‪ Al2O‬؟‬
‫? ﻋﺪم ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫? اﺧﺘﺰال‬ ‫? أﻛﺴﺪة‬ ‫? ﺗﺄﯾﻦ‬
‫1‬

2. ‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎً : رﺗﺐ ﺗﺼﺎﻋﺪﯾ ً ﻛ ً ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ:-‬
‫ﺎ ﻼ‬
‫11– اﻟﺼﯿﻎ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﺳﺘﻘﺮارھﺎ وﺛﺒﺎﺗﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻤ ً ﺑﺄن ﺣﺮارة اﻟﺘﻜﻮﯾﻦ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ ﺑـ )‪: ( kJ / mol‬‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫)‪NO2 (g‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫)‪CH4 (g‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫)‪CO2 (g‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫)‪O3 (g‬‬
‫2.33+‬ ‫،‬ ‫3.47-‬ ‫،‬ ‫5.393-‬ ‫،‬ ‫7.291+‬
‫……………‬ ‫←‬ ‫……………‬ ‫←‬ ‫…………‬ ‫←‬ ‫…………‬ ‫اﻷﻗﻞ :‬
‫21- اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻵﺗﯿﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ أﻋﺪاد ﺗﺄﻛﺴﺪ ذرة اﻷﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ.‬
‫3‪O‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫2‪OF‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫‪H2O‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫2‪H2O‬‬
‫…………… اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫………… ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫…………‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫اﻷﻗﻞ : …………‬
‫اﻟﺴﺆال اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ :‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫52‬
‫أ( أو ً : أﻣﺎﻣﻚ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﺑﺪاﺋﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻘﺮة ، اﺧﺘﺮ اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺴﺠﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﯿ ً ﺛﻢ ﺑﺮر اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك :‬
‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫‪el‬‬
‫)‪2NO (g‬‬ ‫)‪+ O2 (g) → 2NO2 (g‬‬ ‫31- ‪∆ H= -114.2 kJ‬‬
‫)‪2SO2 (g‬‬ ‫+‬ ‫→ )‪O2 (g‬‬ ‫)‪2 SO3 (g‬‬ ‫‪∆ H= -196 kJ‬‬
‫)‪+ 6O2 (g) → 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (g‬‬
‫‪El‬‬
‫)‪C6H12O6 (s‬‬ ‫‪∆ H= -2548 kJ‬‬
‫)‪H2 (g‬‬ ‫+‬ ‫→ )‪½O2 (g‬‬ ‫)‪H2O (g‬‬ ‫‪∆ H= -241. 8 kJ‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻞ :................................................................‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺮ:.........................................................................................‬
‫‪u‬‬
‫41- إﻣﺮار ﻏﺎز ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪ اﻟﮭﯿﺪروﺟﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺒﻌﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪bo‬‬
‫3‪CaCO‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫‪NaCl‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫2‪PbCl‬‬ ‫،‬ ‫‪AgCl‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻞ :........................................‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺮ:.........................................................................................................‬
‫‪iA‬‬
‫)‪H2(g) + Cl2(g) D 2HCl(g‬‬ ‫51- )‪H2O(l) D H+(aq) + OH-(aq‬‬
‫)‪2H2O (l) " 2H2 (g) + O2 (g‬‬ ‫)‪2HI(g) " H2 (g) + I2 (g‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻞ :........................................................‬
‫‪am‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺮ:.........................................................................................................‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿ ً : ﻓﺴﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﯿ ً ﻛ ً ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ:‬
‫ﺎ ﻼ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫61- زﯾﺎدة اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻻ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻻﺗﺰان ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ: )‪2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) D 2SO3 (g‬‬
‫‪r:S‬‬
‫...........................................................................................................................................‬
‫..........................................................................................................................................‬
‫71- ﺗﺰداد ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺰﯾﺎدة درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة .‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫...........................................................................................................................................‬
‫..........................................................................................................................................‬
‫81- ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺮة ﺣﻤﺾ اﻷﺳﯿﺘﯿﻚ ﻣﻊ ھﯿﺪروﻛﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﺼﻮدﯾﻮم ﺗﻜﻮن ‪ pH‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻓﺆ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ 7 . ) ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﻮﺿﯿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ (‬
‫...........................................................................................................................................‬
‫..........................................................................................................................................‬
‫91- ﻋﺪم اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻛﺎﺷﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺮة ﻛﺒﺮﯾﺘﺎت اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‪ II‬ﻣﻊ ﺑﺮﻣﻨﺠﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺳﯿﻮم ؟‬
‫...........................................................................................................................................‬
‫..........................................................................................................................................‬
‫2‬

3. ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜ ً: إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ آﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻵﺗﻲ :-‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫2‪2NO + 2H‬‬ ‫→‬ ‫‪N2 + 2H2O‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﻮﺗﯿﻦ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﺑﻄﯿﺌﺔ وھﻲ :‬
‫2‪2NO + H‬‬ ‫→‬ ‫‪N2O + H2O‬‬
‫أﺟﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻔﻘﺮﺗﯿﻦ ) 62 - 72 ( :‬
‫02- اﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺨﻄﻮة اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﺴﺮﯾﻌﺔ.‬
‫..................................................................................................................‬
‫12- ﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﻮﺳﯿﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ؟ ..........................‬
‫اﻟﺴﺆال اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫52‬
‫أو ً : أﺟﺐ ﻋﻤﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ :‬
‫ﻻ‬
‫‪el‬‬
‫22- زن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺴﺪ-اﺧﺘﺰال اﻵﺗﯿﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت اﻟﻨﺼﻔﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ وﺳﻂ ﻗﺎﻋﺪي.‬
‫-4‪MnO4- + As2O3 " Mn2+ +AsO‬‬
‫‪El‬‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫‪u‬‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫‪bo‬‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫................................................................................................................‬
‫‪iA‬‬
‫‪am‬‬
‫)‪4NH3(g) + 3O2(g‬‬ ‫32- ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ : ‪6H2O(l) + 4NO(g) , ΔH = -1590 kJ‬‬
‫• ﻣﺎ أﺛﺮ زﯾﺎدة اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ؟ ..........................................................‬
‫• ﻋﻨﺪ ﺧﻔﺾ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﺎذا ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ )‪ (K‬؟ ﺑﺮر إﺟﺎﺑﺘﻚ ...........................................‬
‫............................................................................................................................‬
‫• ﻣﺎ أﺛﺮ زﯾﺎدة ﻛﻤﯿﺔ 2‪ O‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺗﺰان ؟ .......................................................................‬
‫‪r:S‬‬
‫• ﻣﺎ أﺛﺮ زﯾﺎدة درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ ‪ NO‬؟ ............................................................‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿً : ﻋﺒﺮ ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺑﻚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻔﺎھﯿﻢ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ :‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫42- ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ھﺲ : ..........................................................................................................‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫52- اﻻﺗﺰان اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ : .....................................................................................................‬
‫............................................................................................................................‬
‫62- ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺴﺪ : ..........................................................................................................‬
‫............................................................................................................................‬
‫3‬

4. ‫)‪Pt(s‬‬
‫)‪2NO2(g) + F2(g‬‬ ‫) ‪2NO2F ( g‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎً : ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ :‬
‫أﻋﻄﺖ ﺛﻼث ﺗﺠﺎرب ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ :‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫]2‪[NO‬‬ ‫]2‪[F‬‬ ‫رﻗﻢ‬
‫‪M/s‬‬ ‫‪M‬‬ ‫‪M‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬
‫2-01 ×1.1‬ ‫5-01 ×1‬ ‫01×4‬ ‫5-‬
‫1‬
‫2-01 ×4.4‬ ‫5-01 ×1‬ ‫01 ×8‬ ‫5-‬
‫2‬
‫2-01×8.8‬ ‫5-01 ×2‬ ‫01 ×8‬ ‫5-‬
‫3‬
‫وﻇﻔﮭﺎ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻔﻘﺮات )82- 23 ( :-‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫72- اﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ .‬
‫...................................................................................................................................‬
‫‪el‬‬
‫.................................................................................................................................‬
‫82- اﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻨﻮﻋﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ .‬
‫‪El‬‬
‫...............................................................................................................................‬
‫...............................................................................................................................‬
‫92- اﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﻜﻮن ]2‪( 0.5 M ) = [F2] = [NO‬‬
‫.....................................................................................................‬
‫‪u‬‬ ‫03- ھﻞ ﯾﺤﺪث اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﻮة واﺣﺪة ؟ ...........‬
‫ﻓﺴﺮ إﺟﺎﺑﺘﻚ. ....................................................................................‬
‫‪bo‬‬
‫.....................................................................................................‬
‫13- ﻣﺎ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺤﻔﺎز اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ؟ ....................‬
‫‪iA‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﺆال اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ :‬
‫52‬ ‫أو ً : أﺟﺐ ﻋﻤﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ :‬
‫ﻻ‬
‫‪am‬‬
‫23- اﻛﺘﺴﺒﺖ ﻋﯿﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﮭﺎ ) ‪ ( 50.0 g‬ﻛﻤﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺗﺴﺎوي ‪ 2.54kJ‬ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪، 23.0◦C‬‬
‫اﺣﺴﺐ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﻟﻌﯿﻨﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻔﻦ . ) ﻋﻠﻤً ﺑﺄن ‪ Cp‬ﻟﻠﺤﺪﯾﺪ ‪( 0.449 J / g . K‬‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫.................................................. .................................................................‬
‫.................................................. .................................................................‬
‫‪r:S‬‬
‫33- اﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ، ﯾﻮﺿﺢ ﺗﻐﯿﺮ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ أﺣﺪ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت) ﺑـﻮﺣﺪة‪، (kJ‬ادرﺳﮫ ﺛﻢ أﺟﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻔﻘﺮات اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﯿﮫ :-‬
‫* ﻣﺎذا ﺗﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺮﻣﻮز ‪ A , C , D‬؟‬
‫‪.................................................. A‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪C‬‬
‫06‬ ‫‪..................................................- C‬‬
‫ﻧﻮاﺗﺞ‬ ‫‪D‬‬
‫‪..................................................- D‬‬
‫* اﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ‪ ∆ H‬ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ .‬
‫04‬ ‫‪A‬‬
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪E‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫..................................................‬
‫..................................................‬
‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬
‫02‬ ‫* ھﻞ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻲ ﻃﺎرد أم ﻣﺎص ﻟﻠﺤﺮارة ؟ ..............‬
‫* إذا أﺿﯿﻒ ﺣﻔﺎز ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ .‬
‫ﺳﯿﺮ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫وﺿﺢ أﺛﺮ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ‪...................................... ∆ H‬‬
‫4‬

5. ‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿً : ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ :‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫? = ‪2N2 + 5O2 → 2 N2O5 , ∆Hº‬‬ ‫43- ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ :‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣً اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ إﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮى اﻟﺤﺮاري‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫+ 2‪1. H‬‬ ‫1‬ ‫2‪O‬‬ ‫→‬ ‫‪H2O‬‬ ‫‪, ∆Hº = -285.8 kJ‬‬
‫2‬
‫3‪2. N2O5 + H2O → 2HNO‬‬ ‫‪, ∆Hº = - 76.6 kJ‬‬
‫‪3. 1 N2 + 3 O2 + 1 H2 → HNO3 , ∆Hº = - 174.1 kJ‬‬
‫2‬ ‫2‬ ‫2‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫‪el‬‬
‫53- أﻛﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ إﺷﺎرة )‪ (ü‬ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺣﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ ، أو ﺣﺮارة اﺣﺘﺮاق ، أو ﻻ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ أﯾً ﻣﻨﮭﻤﺎ:‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫‪El‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﺣﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ ﺣﺮارة اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
‫‪CH4(ց) + 2O2(ց) → CO2(ց) + 2H2O(l) , ΔH˚= - 890.8 kJ‬‬
‫‪C(S) + O2(ց) → CO2(ց) , ΔH˚= - 393.5 kJ‬‬
‫‪u‬‬
‫‪2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g) , ΔHº =-571.6 kJ‬‬
‫‪bo‬‬
‫‪2S(s) + C(s) → CS2(ց) , ∆Hº = - 88 kJ‬‬
‫‪CO(g) + 1 O2(ց) → CO2(ց) , ΔH˚= - 283 kJ‬‬
‫2‬
‫3 + )‪2Fe(s‬‬ ‫‪O2(ց) → Fe2O3(s) , ΔH˚= -850.5 kJ‬‬
‫‪iA‬‬
‫2‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜ ً :‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫‪am‬‬
‫63- ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻣﺘﺰن ﻋﻨﺪ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ : )‪4HCl(g) + O2(g) D 2H2O(g) + 2Cl2(g‬‬
‫ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻋﻨﺪ اﻻﺗﺰان ھﻲ :‬
‫] ‪، (5.2×10-2 M ) = [ H2O ] ، ( 3.8×10-4 M ) = [ O2 ] ، (1.2×10-3 M ) = [ HCl‬‬
‫‪r:S‬‬
‫] 2‪ (5.2×10-2 M ) = [ Cl‬اﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﻻﺗﺰان ﻟﮭﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم.‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫...................................................................................................................‬
‫اﻧﺘﮭﺖ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬
‫5‬