1.
PUBLIC SPEAKING: AN
INTRODUCTION
ENG 211: PUBLIC SPEAKING AND DEBATE

2.
WHAT IS PUBLIC SPEAKING?
• Public speaking is speech making before a large
body of audience in a formal situation wherein you,
the speaker, display your talents for eloquence and
oratory.
• Public speaking is communication of ideas using
words and actions to let others know what is
happening in your head.
• Public speaking is an art of facing a group of
people and communicating to them your thoughts
and feelings by means of effective speech.

3.
A SIMPLE DEFINITION…
• Public speaking is a
process of
conveying ideas, of
sharing opinions
and information.
• It is highly social
• Individualistic
• Unites the speaker
and the audience

4.
HOW DOES PUBLIC SPEAKING AS A
COMMUNICATION WORK?
• How does communication work?
• Can a person always share meanings with another?
• How can you tell if you are really communicating?
• What elements of speaking must you consider in
order that you become an effective communicator
of ideas?

5.
WHAT FACTORS MAKE UP
EFFECTIVE PUBLIC
SPEAKING?

6.
SPEECH DOES NOT EXIST IN ISOLATION!
•A speaker
The necessary
•An audience
requirements in
a speech act:
•An ocassion

7.
PERSONALITY
Only people with interesting
personality make good
speakers!!

8.
PERSONALITY…
• Personal Grooming:
• As a speaker, is your dress appropriate to the occasion?
• Are you neat and comfortable?
• Do you choose clothes that will establish basic similarities
with your audience so that you make them feel at ease and
comfortable with you?
• Are your clothes well-pressed? Your shoes well-shined?
• Hands and fingernails clean?
• Is your hair neat and tidy?
• Are you untidy or careless?
• Do you take pains to look your best in public appearances?

9.
PERSONALITY…
• Attitudes
• Do you show poise and confidence through good posture
while sitting or standing?
• Do you stand or sit at ease or are you sloppy?
• What facial expression do you show? Alert and attentive?
• Do you communicate a feeling of pleasantness because
you assume a friendly and an amiable attitude towards
your audience?
• Do you appear indifferent? Apathetic? Lazy? Subdued?
Timid or shy?
• Do you display a rigid, tense, too facial expression as to
make your audience uncomfortable?

10.
INTELLIGENCE
• Common sense
• Tact
• Good Taste
• Wide Interest
• Self Criticism

11.
INTEGRITY OR VIRTUE
“Never under any circumstance
or for any reward tell an
audience what you yourself do
not believe in or are even
indifferent about.”
- Albert J.
Beverage

12.
TRAINING
1. Training tells the speaker what to say.
2. Training teaches the speaker how to say the
speech.
3. Training develops the speaker’s confidence in his
ability to communicate effectively.
4. Training develops creative but critical thinking
rather than a mechanical one.
5. Training aids the speaker to achieve the main
objective of effective communication – to create
a particular effect on a particular audience.

13.
TECHNIQUE
• Voice – the sound produced by the vibration of the
vocal cords
• Voice pitch – the highness or lowness of tone
• Voice volume – the loudness or carrying power of
voice
• Voice quality – that which distinguishes one voice
from another when pitch, volume, and duration are
the same (nasal, mellow).
• Speech rate and pause – number of words uttered
per minute and the cessation of speaking within or
between sentences.

14.
TECHNIQUE…
• Enunciation and pronunciation – the formation of
voice into words, manner of utterance
• Gestures – movement of arms, shoulders, hands or
head.
• Posture – position and bearing of the body
• Facial expression – general appearance of the
face.
• Organization of thought – logical arrangement of
ideas
• Composition – manner of formulating ideas into
effective sentences.

15.
• Phrasing – the grouping of words into small units of
thoughts
• Audience contact – establishing mental contact
with the audience by talking to its members
• Motivation – the use of appeals and subject matter
which are important to the audience and induce
audience action

16.
ASSESSMENT:
• Prepare a short speech of not more than 2 minutes
in response to the following question:
• What can you contribute to make your
country a better place to live in…
as an individual?
as a member of the community?
as a professional?