V Jornadas Internacionales Ciudades Creativas (Medellín, octubre, 2012) - Fundación Kreanta

1. Espacio público y cultura en acción
Justicia Espacial y la Urbanización Asimétrica
Miguel Robles-Durán
Cofundador de Cohabitation Strategies, Cooperativa para el
desarrollo socio-espacial, con sedes en Rotterdam y Nueva York
www.kreanta.org
www.ciudadescreativas.org

3. 1. La investigación exhaustiva y transdisciplinaria de los procesos de urbanización
P a g e
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4. Cohabitation Strategies
RESEARCH QUESTIONS RESEARCH PROCESS META-TOPICS RESEARCH DESIGN PROCESSES STRATEGIES
A.01 National Development and Renewal Strategies
A.02 Municipal Development Strategies
A.03 Municipal Governance Networks
A.04 District and Neighbourhood Governance
A.05 Local Centralities and Connections
A.06 Municipal Economic Perspectives
A.07 Land Use and Function Distribution
A.08 Core Economic Zones ( Wealth and Poverty)
A.09 Water and Nature
A.10 Mobility
A.11 Municipal Budget for Housing
A.12 Local Budget for Housing
A.13 Building Funds, Subsidies and Fiscal Instruments
URBAN INEQUALITIES A.14 Social/Private Rental Housing
AND URBAN-PROFIT A.15
A.16
Home Ownership Housing
Housing Developers, Corporations and Associations Cohabitation Strategies
BASED URBANIZATION A.17 Building Regulation and Quality Control
A.18 Housing Deficit and Allocation
A. URBAN POLITICS A.19 Urban and Neighbourhood Restructuring ENDOGENOUS
A.20 Public and Recreation Spaces Stakeholder Relations EMPOWERMENT
A.21 Tenants Right, Obligations and Associations
A.22 Real State Value
AND ORGANIZATION
A.23 Connectivity
A.24 Community Organizations Legal Instruments
A.25 Urban Mobilizations (Present and Historical)
A.26 Gentrification Processes
SOCIAL HOUSING A.27 Community Knowledge of Local Policy
Social Programs/facilities
A.28 Collective Consumption
PROVISION AND A.29 Institutionalization of Community Organizations/Programs
PRIVATIZATION A.30
A.31
Decision Making and Peoples Power (Jurisdiction)
Waste Management and Recycling
A.32 Land Contamination Participatory Neighborhood Programs/Facilities
A.33 Groundwater Depletion RESTRUCTURING
A.34 Water Management (Accumulation, treatment, distribution) URBAN
A.35 Energy Management and Conservation
A.36 Alternative Energy Cultural Programs/Facilities CONSCIOUSNESS
A.37 Natural Resources AND IMAGE
A.38 Recycling Culture
A.39 Urban Agriculture Culture, Location and Distribution
Sports and Leisure Programs/Facilities
URBAN REGENERATION
B.01 Uneven Urban Development
AND B.02 Spatial and Functional Distribution
GENTRIFICATION B.03
B.04
Spatial Correlations
Infrastructure Networks Economic and Labor Processes
B.05 Mobility Networks
B.06 Spatial Demographics and Statistics
B.07 Temporal Dynamics
B. URBAN MORPHOLOGY B.08 Technologies (Spatial, Building and Infrastructure) Modes of Production CONSOLIDATING
B.09 Building Clearance LOCAL MODES
B.10 Land Speculation
B.11 Vacancy Rates
OF PRODUCTION
B.12 Fragmentations Redistributive Processes Against Poverty
B.13 Urban Deprivation and Marginalization
SOCIO-SPATIAL B.14 Streets
FRAGMENTATION C.01 Housing Typologies and Contemporary Occupation
Local Asset Distributions
AND DIFFERENCE C.02 Streets, Pedestrian Corridors and Public Space
C.03 Abandoned Structures and Spatial Inefficiencies
C. TYPOLOGY AND C.04 Urban rhythms
Urban Educational Programs/Facilities
C.05 Social Rites
THE EVERYDAY C.06 Aesthetic Values
C.07 Social Processes and Relations DEVELOPING AND
C.08 Public Services REINFORCING
C.09 Street Culture
Spatial Occupation Strategies
SOCIAL AND URBAN
D.01 Migration CONDITIONS
D.02 Gentrification, Displacement and Marginalization
SOCIAL COHESION D.03 Forms of Social Relations and Class Stratification Transport Infrastructure and Connectivity
AND D. SOCIETY AND CLASS
D.04 Spatial Occupation
D.05 Social Cohesion
PARTICIPATION STRUCTURE D.06 Criminality
D.07 Racial Segregation Environmental Solutions
D.08 Gender/Age
D.09 Social Reproduction
D.10 Child Rearing
D.11 Residential Differentiation Urban and Housing Renewal Programs
D.12 Community Development STIMULATING
LOCAL
CULTURAL DYNAMICS, E.01 Labour History (Strugles, Organization, etc)
CULTURAL
E.02 Material Conditions and Local Capacities Sustainable Approaches
AND THE COMMUNICATION E.03 Productive Services/Activities and Labour Power PRODUCTION
OF URBAN PROCESSES E.04 Division of Labor and Specialization
E.05 Structure of Labour Markets and the Circulation of Value
E.06 Mobility Chances Public Services/Facilities
E. ECONOMY AND LABOR E.07 Means of Production
E.08 Surplus Allocation and Circulation
E.09 Taxation and Financial Instruments
Mijnkintbuurt
E.10 Commodity Distribution
Production Gate
E.11 Credit Systems and Local/External Finances and Resources
Urban Rhythms D.01 Cultural Heritage and Everyday Habits
D.02 Traditional Forms of Culture
D.03 Social and Cultural Interaction / Discrimination
D.04 Intellectual and Artistic Potentials
D.05 New forms of Aggregations
D. CULTURAL POLITICS D.06 Youth Tribes
D.07 Community Activities
D.08 Techniques of Empowerment
Meta-Disciplinary Approach & Methodology
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p a t t e r n s a p p e a r : w h i l e s t u d e n t s u s e t h e s u p e r m a r k e t f o r d a i ly
g roceries, im mig r ants ten d to sh o p in small co m m erces, w h er e
t h e r e i s a n a lt e r n a t i v e o f m i c r o c r e d i t s i f t h e y d o n ' t h a v e
m o n e y. s t m i c h e l' s m a r k e t i s a l s o p o p u l a r a m o n g i m m i g r a n t s :
so m e o f t h em b u y goo ds in t h e in fo r mal mar ke t
t h at a r e n o t i n t e r e s t i n g i n f r a n c e t o t r av e l
b ac k to t h ei r h o m e co u n t r i e s a n d r e-s e l l t h e m .
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replaced by dwellings. The same goes for Place Saint-Michel, where shops have
given way to lots of cafés and snack bars. The neighbourhood’s “elders” lament
the departure of these businesses, which has greatly reduced the diversity of *%7,+1"
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neighbourhood shop signs. A long-time resident thus tells us: “Previously, on the 20/(,*+,-(" %&'()*')+
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square, there was watchmaker, a photographer, a butcher and an ironmonger,
and nowadays, even if there are still plenty of businesses, there are a lot less”26.
Economic Factors
The Saint-Michel neighbourhood has a large number of ethnic businesses. The G(7("+:)(2 "*#(,-.)*') "(I"%)(
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installation of numerous foreign shops in Saint-Michel represents an essential +1"%H0%"%(2 "'(%,#&501",%(2#
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resource for the North African population and, to a certain extent, for Sub-Saharan
African residents27. These businesses offer certain job opportunities, and they *%7,+1"
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also enable many foreigners to purchase traditional products at better prices,
and above all to enjoy advantageous payment conditions, i.e., credit: in Saint-
Michel shops owned by foreigners, the practice of offering credit is common, +",,+&"%51#5J#
and overall payments are authorized at the end of each month. “When people !"#$%&"'
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know you in Saint-Michel, you can do your shopping with nothing in your !"#"#$
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pocket”. Similarly, North African, Portuguese and Turkish restaurants offer
really affordable prices, which at the same time attract French customers &'(+/(,# !(/,**)..)+$0
who appreciate foreign specialities; but they also enable immigrants in the G(7("+:)(2 "(*/5,+,L#
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neighbourhood and in particular people living on their own, to eat according
to their tastes and for less money. 2"09(1"2
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