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Genetics and heredity
- 2. Probability
- 7. Are these inherited traits? Your eye color Your height Your hair color and texture
- 8. Are these inherited traits? Your personality Your musical, athletic, and artistic abilities
- 22. Practice! Cross a HOMOZYGOUS dominant female with a HETEROZYGOUS male using the same trait. AA AA Aa Aa What is the genotypic ratio? What is the phenotypic ratio? 2:2 or 50% 4 white fur A A A a
- 31. Can I inherit a sex-linked disease? Fathers (XY) can only pass disorders to daughters (XX) Mothers (XX) can pass disorders to both sons (XY) and daughters (XX) Most disorders are carried on the X chromosome, so males are more likely to inherit them.
- 33. What’s wrong with this Karyotype? Is this a male or a female?
- 34. What’s wrong with this Karyotype? Turner’s Syndrome
- 35. What’s wrong with this Karyotype? Klinefelter’s Syndrome
- 36. What’s wrong with this Karyotype? Down Syndrome
- 38. Royal Hemophilia Pedigree http://www.sciencecases.org/hemo/hemo.asp
Notes de l'éditeur
- After this slide you should do the Genetics Overview and Genetics Problems #1.
- In humans, the term sex-linked traits usually refers to X-linked traits. The human X-chromosome is much larger than the Y. Thus, there are more X-linked than Y-linked traits. Most X-linked genes have no homologous loci on the Y chromosome. Most genes on the Y chromosome not only have no X counterparts, but they encode traits found only in males (e.g. testis- determining factor). Examples of sex-linked traits in humans are color blindness and hemophilia. Fathers pass X-linked alleles to only and all of their daughters. Males receive their X chromosome only from their mothers. Fathers cannot, therefore, pass sex-linked traits to their sons. Mothers can pass sex-linked alleles to both sons and daughters. Females receive two X-chromosomes, one from each parent. Mothers pass on one X-chromosome (either the maternal or paternal homologue) to every daughter and son.
- The link to the website at the bottom gives a complete history and breakdown of royal hemophilia
- Colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. You can ask questions about each individual, you could also ask genotypes/phenotypes. (See below for sample questions) Questions you can ask: Individual 2 is most likely a: carrier female If individual 8 is not color blind, what is the probability that this individual is a carrier?: 0 Let us say individual 12 marries a normal, non-carrier female. What is the probability that one of his sons will be color-blind? : 0 (males don’t donate X to sons)