Psychological determinants of the stress response

1. LESSON 2: PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS
OF THE STRESS RESPONSE
LAZARUS AND FOLKMAN’S TRANSACTIONAL
MODEL OF STRESS AND COPING

2. LAZARUS’ TRANSACTIONAL
MODEL OF STRESS & COPING
IDENTIFIEDTHE IMPORTANCE OF MENTAL PROCESS INVOLVED IN
DEALINGWITH STRESS
TRANSACTION - BETWEENTHE PERSON & ENVIRONMENT
INDIVIDUAL INTERPRETATION DETERMINESTHE PERCEPTION OF ‘STRESS’
TWO MAIN STAGES IN PERCEPTION: PRIMARY APPRAISAL & SECONDARY
APPRAISAL, BOTH INVOLVING EMOTIONAL FORECASTING

3. EMOTIONAL FORECASTING
PRIMARY APPRAISAL: PREDICTION OFWHAT FEELINGSTHE SITUATION
WILL PRODUCE
SECONDARY APPRAISAL: PREDICTION OFTHE POSSIBLE EMOTIONAL
IMPACT OF EACH POTENTIAL RESPONSE
LOSINGYOUR JOB - FEEL DISAPPOINTED/REJECTED/FAILURE (PRIMARY
APPRAISAL) FOLLOWED BY RELIEF OF RECEIVING A POSITIVE REFERRALTO
SEEK A NEW JOB (SECONDARY APPRAISAL)

4. PROBLEM-FOCUSED COPING
INVOLVES TRYING TO REDUCE THE NEGATIVE
SITUATION BY USING PRACTICAL WAYS TO DEAL
WITH THE STRESS SUCH AS SEEKING
INFORMATION, EVALUATING PROS AND CONS OF
THE SITUATION.
EMOTION-FOCUSED COPING
INVOLVES TRYING TO REDUCE THE NEGATIVE
EMOTIONAL RESPONSES ASSOCIATED WITH
STRESS SUCH AS EMBARRASSMENT, FEAR,
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, EXCITEMENT AND
FRUSTRATION BY USING STRATEGIES SUCH AS:
MEDITATION, RELAXATION, TALKING TO A FRIEND/
FAMILY, IGNORING THE PROBLEM, DISTRACTION.

6. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS
STRENGTHS
RESEARCH WITH HUMANS
COGNITIVE APPROACH
INCLUDES MENTAL
PROCESSES AND
EMOTIONS ON
INDIVIDUAL
PERCEPTIONS
LIMITATIONS
LACKED EMPHASIS ON
PHYSIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS
IGNORES SOCIAL,
CULTURAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS

7. ESSENTIAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1:
USING AN EXAMPLE (ORIGINAL ONE), CREATE A DIAGRAMTO
DEMONSTRATE YOUR UNDERSTANDING OFTHE STEPS INVOLVED IN
THETRANSACTIONAL MODEL OF STRESS AND COPING