Educational Technology: Big Picture

1. Adapted from the book “Roblyer, M. D., & Doering, A. (2012). Integrating
educational technology into teaching (6th edition) Boston, MA: Pearson.
EDIT 3318 Module 1
Educational Technology: The Big Picture

2. Main Concepts
1. Perspectives on technology uses
2. History of digital technologies
3. Today’s technology resources
4. Skills and technology literacy needed for the
21st century classroom
5. Rationale for using technology in education
6. Trends in emerging technologies

3. 1. Perspectives on technology uses:
Why we need the “big picture”?
• Learn key terminology
• Reflect on the past to shape the future
• Consider currently-available resources and how
to use them
• Look ahead to emerging trends

4. 1. Perspectives on technology uses:
Four defining perspectives
Today’s
definition
Media and AV
Instructional
Systems and
ID
Vocational
training
Computer
systems

5. 1. Perspectives on technology uses:
Definitions in this textbook
• Educational technology
• Integrating educational technology
• Instructional technology

6. 2. History of digital technologies:
Pre-
microcomputer
1950’s-1970’s
Microcomputer
1970’s-1990’s
Internet
1990’s-2000’s
Ubiquitous
access
2000’s-now
Four eras (see Figure 1.1)

7. 2. History of digital technologies:
What we learned from the past:
• Technology is no panacea
• Teachers are not developers.
• Possible does not equal desirable, feasible, or
inevitable.
• Technologies change faster than teachers can keep
up.
• Older technologies can be useful.
• Teachers always will be important than
technologies.

8. 3. Today’s technology resources:
Hardware:

9. 3. Today’s technology resources:
Three categories:
• Instruction
• Productivity
• Administrative

10. 3. Today’s technology resources:
Issues that impact technology uses:
Cultural/
equity
Legal/
ethical
Social
Educational
Issues

11. 3. Today’s technology resources:
Social issues:
• Quality of life
• Fears about overuse
• Fears about misuses
• Risks of online social networking
• Problems with malware, spam, etc.

12. 3. Today’s technology resources:
Educational issues:
• Lack of funding
• Teacher/student accountability
• Debates on best practices
• Reliance on distance education

13. 3. Today’s technology resources:
Cultural and equity issues:
• Digital divide
• Racial and gender equity
• Student with special needs

14. 3. Today’s technology resources:
Legal and ethical issues:
• Hacking
• Safety
• The new plagiarism and academic dishonesty
• Illegal downloads & software piracy

15. 4. Technology literacy skills:
Three kinds:
Standards URLs
ISTE National Educational Technology
Standards (NETS) for Teachers, Students,
and Administrators
https://www.iste.org/standards
P21 21st Century Skills (for students) http://www.p21.org
ICT Competency Standards for Teachers http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communic
ation-and-information/resources/news-and-
in-focus-articles/in-focus-articles/2008/ict-
competency-standards-for-teachers/unesco-
ict-competency-standards-for-teachers-cst-
questions-and-answers/

16. 5. Sound rationale for technology uses:
Problem solving 1:
How to motivate and engage students?
• Gains learner attention
• Supports manual operations during high-level learning
• Illustrates real-world relevance through highly visual
presentations
• Engages students through production work
• Connects students with audiences for their writing
• Engages learners through real-world situations and
collaborations
• Provide support for working cooperatively

17. 5. Sound rationale for technology uses:
Problem solving 2:
How to support students’ learning needs?
• Supports effective skill practice
• Helps students visualize underlying concepts in unfamiliar or
abstract topics
• Lets students study systems in unique ways
• Gives access to unique information sources and populations
• Supplies self-paced learning for accelerated students
• Turns disabilities into capabilities
• Saves time on production tasks
• Grades and tracks student work
• Provides faster access to information sources
• Saves money on consumable materials

18. 5. Sound rationale for technology uses:
Problem solving 3:
How to prepare students for future learning?
• The need for technological literacy
• The need for information literacy
• The need for visual literacy

19. 6. Emerging trends:
Hardware / software developments:
• Ubiquitous mobile computing
• More open content
• Increased ebooks
• Augmented reality systems
• Gesture-based computing

20. 6. Emerging trends:
Educational applications:
• Flexible learning environments
• Adaptable assessment
• Emphasis on communication
and collaboration
• Reliance on distance learning
• More options for students with
disabilities