17. The environmental impacts of a major sport event: a case study of the FA Cup Final Dr Andrea Collins [email_address]
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23. Calculating the Ecological Footprint: Key Data Sources Source of Information Data obtained The FA Ticket sales Millennium Stadium Food and drink sales (Hospitality & Public) Litter and Waste Cardiff Council Litter collected from street sweepings and waste bins Park and Ride (no. of vehicles) Food and Drink Business survey in City centre & Bay area (Permanent & Mobile) No. of customers Amount of food and drink purchased Amount of waste and composition Supporters Survey (1% sample) Visitor travel to the event, food and drink consumption, and length of stay
24. Final Score: Ecological Footprint Results Additional Footprint = Total Footprint minus (-) Home Footprint Consumption Category Total Visitor Ecological Footprint [gha] Visitors Ecological Footprint at home [gha] Visitor Additional Ecological Footprint [gha] Transport 1670 120 1550 Food and drink 1381 268 1113 Stadium Infrastructure 0.10 - - Total 3051 ( 0.04 gha/visitor) 388 ( 0.036 gha/visitor) 2663 ( 0.005gha/visitor)
34. Cardiff – Out of Centre Retailing Total out-of-centre floor area: 115,000 sq.m. convenience 241,000 sq.m. comparison (City centre 321,000 sq.m.) Three main clusters, all close to major road intersections
Cardiff has 11 million tourists per year Visitor Footprint (8.67gha/visitor) Resident Footprint (5.59 gha/cap) Tourism is an important part of Cardiff’s development strategy as an ‘events city’. The FA Cup Final is one of Cardiff’s most high profile annual sporting events.
We all put pressure on the environment/ use the world’ natural resources to provide for our basic every day needs needs For examepls, the way we travel, the food we eat, the energy we use to heat our homes and the litter and waste we produce. The EF has 6 main components: Carbon-uptake Footprint; Grazing; forest; fishing grounds; crop land; and built-up land Take the example of a Burger: Grazing land – raising cattle for meat Crop land – grow feed for the cattle Built land – transportation of cattle and meat products; industrial structures e.g. slaughter houses, meat processing plants, restaurants Forest land – materials for paper and card packaging Carbon land – processing and cooking
Applying the Footprint to a major sport event is valuable for a number reasons: Supporters can begin to appreciate the link between their local consumption activities and their global environmental impacts. supporter travel, food and drink consumed and the litter/waste produced.
Environmental impacts of attending this event is almost 8 times greater
The most significant area of visitors consumption was their travel patterns. How visitors travelled and the distances travelled – generated an EF 1,670gha. Travel was responsible for 55% total impact. The impact of visitors travel to the event was 15 times greater than at their home location over the same period of time. Car was the most popular mode of travel and accounted for 47% total distances travelled by visitors and as shown in pie chart was responsible for almost 70% total transport EF. Although rail accounted for 34% total distance travelled, it was only responsible for 19% total travel EF. This is because it has a much lower modal impact.
Speed and familiarity
Cardiff's Millennium Stadium has a seating capacity of 74,500. Stadium also has a number of facilities for the public including restaurants, bars, food and drink outlets, merchandise outlets Despite using some 60,000 tonnes of materials (majority concrete and steel), on an event basis the venue attracts a very low footprint score - one tenth of a hectare. This is because the energy involved in producing the materials used to construct the stadium is consumed over the estimated lifetime of the venue (100 yrs) before materials start to degrade.
