The document provides an overview of the key components and systems of an automobile. It begins with an introduction to Karlo Automobiles, an Indian vehicle repair workshop. It then defines an automobile and describes its main parts like the engine, transmission system including the clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, differential, wheels, axle and chassis. The document further explains the body, suspension system, cooling system, steering system, braking system and lighting system of a car. Diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the different components. The presentation aims to provide trainees an understanding of the various parts that make up a motor vehicle.

1. TRANING REPORT
“KARLO AUTOMOBILES (P)
LTD.”
DEV BHUMY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
CHANDPUR (UNA)
DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE ENGG.
DELIVERED BY: DELIVERED TO: (HOD AUTOMOBILE)
SUDHIR KUMAR
BRANCH:- AUTOMOBILE

2. INTRODUCTION
• Karlo Automobile is a private repairing
workshop. It is established in 2005.
• In this workshop we repair atleast 50
different automobile vehicle like , different
models of car , tipper , mini truck etc.
• The main purpous of establishing this
workshop to give better repairing to the
customer.
• we work on mostly engine and
transmission parts of vehicle

3. what is Automobile ?
• Motorized vehicle consisting of four wheels and powered
by an internal engine. Automobiles are used to transport
people and items from one location to another location.
After years or various designs, inventors were able to
develop a functional general design that is utilized by
major automakers as the foundation of their designs.
Automobiles generally use gasoline to fuel the internal
engine, but technological advances have led to the
design of cars that run on electricity and even water.

4. Parts of a car

5. Automobile Engine
»A machine for
converting thermal
energy into
mechanical energy
or power to produce
force and motion.

6. A view of car engine

7. Closer view of maruti 800 engine

8. Main parts of car petrol engine

9. Main parts of car diesel angine

10. About clutch
• A clutch is a mechanical device that engages and disengages the
power transmission, especially from driving shaft to driven shaft.
• Clutches are used whenever the transmission of power or motion
must be controlled either in amount or over time (e.g., electric
screwdrivers limit how much torque is transmitted through use of a
clutch; clutches control whether automobiles transmit engine power
to the wheels).
• In the simplest application, clutches connect and disconnect two
rotating shafts (drive shafts or line shafts). In these devices, one
shaft is typically attached to an engine or other power unit (the
driving member) while the other shaft (the driven member) provides
output power for work. While typically the motions involved are
rotary, linear clutches are also possible.

11. Main component of clutch

12. Gear box
That part of a car's
transmission containing the
train of gears, and to which
the gear lever is connected.

13. A view of car gear box

14. About propeller shaft
• A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, propeller shaft (prop shaft), or
Cardan shaft is a mechanical component for transmitting torque and
rotation, usually used to connect other components of a drive train
that cannot be connected directly because of distance or the need
to allow for relative movement between them.
• As torque carriers, drive shafts are subject to torsion and shear
stress, equivalent to the difference between the input torque and the
load. They must therefore be strong enough to bear the stress,
whilst avoiding too much additional weight as that would in turn
increase their inertia.
• To allow for variations in the alignment and distance between the
driving and driven components, drive shafts frequently incorporate
one or more universal joints, jaw couplings, or rag joints, and
sometimes a splined joint or prismatic joint

15. Propeller Shaft

16. About diffrential
It is used to transfer the power to rear axle
from gear box in rear wheel drive vehicles
• The differential is used to transfer the
rotary motion of the propeller shaft into
reciprocating motion of the rear wheels.
• It is used to negotiate curves

17. Main parts of diffrential

18. About wheels and Axle
• The wheel and axle is one of six simple machines
identified by Renaissance scientists drawing from Greek
texts on technology. The wheel and axle is generally
considered to be a wheel attached to an axle so that
these two parts rotate together in which a force is
transferred from one to the other. In this configuration a
hinge, or bearing, supports the rotation of the axle.
• This system is a version of the lever with loads applied
tangentially to the perimiter of the wheel and axle,
respectively, that are balanced around the hinge, which
is the fulcrum. The mechanical advantage of the wheel
and axle is the ratio of the distances from the fulcrum to
the applied loads, or what is the same thing the ratio of
the radial dimensions of the wheel and axle

19. Assembly of axle and Wheels

20. Chassis and Body
• It is the main machine portion having all
the components required for the operation
and running of the automobile. therefore,
the portion of the automobile without body
is called chassis.
• Body provides supports in a vehicle

21. Closer view of car body

22. Closer view of front portion of
car

23. Main parts of chassis

24. About Suspension System In
Automobile
• Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers
and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows
relative motion between the two.Suspension systems serve a dual
purpose — contributing to the vehicle's roadholding/handling and
braking for good active safety and driving pleasure, and keeping
vehicle occupants comfortable and a ride quality reasonably well
isolated from road noise, bumps, vibrations,etc.These goals are
generally at odds, so the tuning of suspensions involves finding the
right compromise. It is important for the suspension to keep the road
wheel in contact with the road surface as much as possible,
because all the road or ground forces acting on the vehicle do so
through the contact patches of the tires. The suspension also
protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or luggage from damage
and wear. The design of front and rear suspension of a car may be
different.

25. Full view of car suspension
system
• coil spring

26. Closer view of Telescopic shock
absorber

27. Function of Colling system
• cooling system to take care of that heat. In fact, the
cooling system on a car driving down the freeway
dissipates enough heat to heat two average-sized
houses! The primary job of the cooling system is to keep
the engine from overheating by transferring this heat to
the air, but the cooling system also has several other
important jobs.
• The engine in your car runs best at a fairly high
temperature. When the engine is cold, components wear
out faster, and the engine is less efficient and emits
more pollution. So another important job of the cooling
system is to allow the engine to heat up as quickly as
possible, and then to keep the engine at a constant
temperature.

28. Closer view of water cooling
system

29. Steering system
• The most conventional steering arrangement is to turn
the front wheels using a hand–operated steering wheel
which is positioned in front of the driver, via the steering
column, which may contain universal joints (which may
also be part of the collapsible steering column design), to
allow it to deviate somewhat from a straight line. Other
arrangements are sometimes found on different types of
vehicles, for example, a tiller or rear–wheel steering.
Tracked vehicles such as bulldozers and tanks usually
employ differential steering — that is, the tracks are
made to move at different speeds or even in opposite
directions, using clutches and brakes, to bring about a
change of course or direction.

30. Detail parts of Steering System

31. Braking system
• A brake is a mechanical device that inhibits motion, slowing or stopping a
moving object or preventing its motion.
• Most brakes commonly use friction between two surfaces pressed together
to convert the kinetic energy of the moving object into heat, though other
methods of energy conversion may be employed. For example, regenerative
braking converts much of the energy to electrical energy, which may be
stored for later use. Other methods convert kinetic energy into potential
energy in such stored forms as pressurized air or pressurized oil. Eddy
current brakes use magnetic fields to convert kinetic energy into electric
current in the brake disc, fin, or rail, which is converted into heat. Still other
braking methods even transform kinetic energy into different forms, for
example by transferring the energy to a rotating flywheel.
• Brakes are generally applied to rotating axles or wheels, but may also take
other forms such as the surface of a moving fluid (flaps deployed into water
or air). Some vehicles use a combination of braking mechanisms, such as
drag racing cars with both wheel brakes and a parachute, or airplanes with
both wheel brakes and drag flaps raised into the air during landing.

32. view of car Brakes

33. Lighting System And
Accessories
• The lighting system of a motor vehicle consists
of lighting and signalling devices mounted or
integrated to the front, rear, sides, and in some
cases the top of a motor vehicle. This lights the
roadway for the driver and increases the
conspicuity of the vehicle, allowing other drivers
and pedestrians to see a vehicle's presence,
position, size, direction of travel, and the driver's
intentions regarding direction and speed of
travel. Emergency vehicles usually carry
distinctive lighting equipment to warn drivers and
indicate priority of movement in traffic.

34. Detail of Lighting structure

35. The End Of My Presentation
Any
queries???

36. By Sudhir Kumar
•Thank you