1. Warm-Up

2. Unit 4: Legislative and Executive Branches Structure and Organization of the Executive Branch Reapportionment and Redistricting Structure and Organization of the Executive Branch The Unit 4 Assessment is coming. Start to study your exit slips and look at the Data Wall. Regulatory Agencies of the Exec Branch Structure and Organization of Congress Power and Roles of the Executive Branch How a Bill Becomes a Law Electoral College and Electing the President Electoral College and Electing the President State and Local Government

3. Students will read a story about a candidate in order to review vocabulary and analyze Unit 4 concepts. Agenda

4. INM: Mr. White: A Political Tale GP/IP: Reading, Videos and Reflections Unit 4 Assessment Agenda

5. Rise to Local Government Once upon a time, in a land very, very close to here, there was a young up and coming politician who was ready to take the world by storm. You see, he had been a teacher—a teacher who had listened to his students and cared deeply about those in his community.

6. Rise to Local Government At the advice of one class in particular, he had decided to run for County Executive. Immediately following his decision, he immediately selected a political party that reflected his personal views and interests.

7. Rise to Local Government After that, his students petitioned to get him on the ballot as a candidate, while working with his constituents to raise money that would finance a killer campaign—something of legends. With the use of facebook and twitter, he was able to get his supporters out to the polls.

8. Rise to Local Government He was an underdog from the very beginning, but his popularity increased with every poll taken by the media. By Election Day, it was clear that the people of Prince George’s county knew that they wanted him to be County Executive.

9. Reflection What is the name of the process that he participated in to become an elected official? What is the first step in campaigning? How is a petition a demonstration of direct democracy?

10. Reflection Which of these best explains why candidates for public office often spend more money on advertising during the last week of a campaign? Advertising costs are lower at the end of a campaign. Advertising may persuade undecided voters to make a choice. Campaign laws require that all money raised by candidates be spent. Campaign laws require that advertising be restricted to the end of a campaign.

11. Local Government Leadership As County Executive, Mr. White cleaned up Prince George’s county with the help of his former students and closest political advisors. He helped obtain more funding for local schools through multiple initiatives that would increase technology in the classroom.

12. Local Government Leadership He renovated public libraries, eliminated homelessness in the county, repaired roads, started new recycling initiatives, and gave students better choices for lunch. He recommended a record 2,000 laws to county council board members—all of which were passed into law by the legislative branch.

13. Local Government Leadership The people were sysed, but Mr. White quickly grew tired of the local political scene and felt he could do more. He pondered his next move. Were his former students right—was he, in fact, always trying to do too much? Or did the American public need his vision and work ethic to make society better?

14. Reflection Which level of government is Mr. White currently serving in? Which branch of government is he in charge of? What branch does Mr. White have to work with to pass the county budget?

15. Reflection Which of these is a local government most like to have the responsibility to do? provide unemployment checks set pollution standards for a factory establish local libraries regulate trade and consumer protection laws

16. Rise to State Government Either way, Mr. White was clearly tired of the local political scene—he needed to move on. Given his broad support across the county, he knew that he could win the district in an election for State Senator. Why state senator, you might ask? Given his track record for recommending laws that impacted society, Mr. White knew he could greatly impact the state of Maryland by joining the legislative branch.

17. Rise to State Government Moreover, he felt like some might view a jump to Governor as occurring too soon. Plus, the state had a Republican governor who he feared he might lose to. An early loss in his career, would mean doom for his political future. Mr. White gathered his vicious campaign team comprised of former students, and set forth to dominate in the next election for State Senator.

18. Reflection Why did Mr. White choose to run for State Senator? What does the General Assembly need to do in order to pass a bill into a law? The General Assembly has two branches. What term describes this two-house congress?

19. Reflection 4. Which of these is a responsibility of the Maryland General Assembly? approving the annual state budget supervising the Maryland State Police reviewing criminal appeals vetoing unpopular laws

20. State Government Leadership As state senator in the Maryland General Assembly, Mr. White continued to do work, recommending laws to his subcommittee and debating his heart out to get them passed through both houses and onto the desk of the evil Governor of Maryland where Mr. White was forced to hope they would be passed.

21. State Government Leadership After his amazing track record in PG County, Mr. White’s laws were denied—with the exception of one: a popular law that would change the way teachers were evaluated, giving more power to student suggestions and evaluations. This small success, however, wouldn’t be enough to satisfy Mr. White, or his constituents.

22. State Government Leadership He once again grew tired of local politics and at the urging of his supporters, decided to take his skills and determination to the next level. At the same time, the recession cut deeper into the wallets of the American public.

23. Reflection 1. What was the Governor doing when he denied the bills? 2. What are the options of the General Assembly if the Governor denies a bill? 3. What role does state government have in education?

24. Reflection 4. If the President and Congress disagree over a tax bill, the President can veto the bill. Which of these applies to a presidential veto? checks and balances judicial review representative democracy federalism

25. Rise to U.S. House of Representatives After carefully studying his options, Mr. White would decide to run for a seat as a United States Representative in district 4 - the district that encompassed his beloved Fairmont Heights High School. He once again would depend on his financial base and his former students to propel his campaign.

26. Rise to U.S. House of Representatives This time, however, he couldn’t depend on twitter and facebook in the same way, as this election was bigger. He needed more money and more major advertising.

27. Rise to U.S. House of Representatives It was clear he would need to launch an amazing media campaign in order to unseat the incumbent—a five-term Republican with a stronghold on the district. Despite the challenges that confronted Mr. White, he and his team pushed forward with the campaign—knocking on doors, kissing babies, shaking hands, planting trees—doing whatever they could to win over neighborhood after neighborhood.

28. Rise to U.S. House of Representatives After a long nine months, election day loomed in the distance. The baby-kissing and hand-shaking wasn’t going to be enough to win. The recession was killing the economy. His constituents were of the most heavily affected by the recession. Mr. White needed to do something drastic to address the needs of the American people—of his people, in his beloved district.

29. Rise to U.S. House of Representatives He sat down with his team to review the problems facing the general public. After hours of debate, they came up with one solution: Legalize marijuana in order to sell it and obtain the profits through taxes. The profits could be used to rejuvenate the education system in the communities, as well as alleviate the tax burden for those in the middle and lower classes.

30. Rise to U.S. House of Representatives His team immediately staged a press conference to announce the plan, and Mr. White’s popularity immediately skyrocketed to the point where he knew that he would win by a comfortable margin.

31. Reflection Districts for US House of Representatives are based off of what concept? Before Mr. White could run against the Republican incumbent Representative, he needed to win the first election. What is this called? The ability to pass a law to legalize marijuana is based on what kind of power?

32. Reflection 4. What is the purpose of proportional representation To protect larger states’ populations from being unfairly represented To protect smaller states’ population from being unfairly represented To provide equal representation to all states To provide ways small states can participate have a big influence on elections.

33. U.S. House of Representatives Leadership Now that he had the Representative Seat for the 4th District, he knew that he would have to follow through with his promise. Mr. White rises to fame quickly in the house due to his interest in this terribly contentious bill that will legalize marijuana and eliminate taxes for those below the poverty line.

34. U.S. House of Representatives Leadership He quickly becomes known as a representative of the people and somebody to be reckoned with by senior Senators. The only problem is that the House of Representatives is dominated by the Republican party, who currently have a majority in both the House and the Senate.

35. U.S. House of Representatives Leadership Mr. White would introduce his bill in the house subcommittee for ways and means. He would get the bill passed on to the committee where it would be met with Republican resistance. Despite the fight that he would put up to keep the bill in its original form, the bill is significantly changed in committee.

36. U.S. House of Representatives Leadership Still he battles to get it passed out of the house and on to the Conference Committee, but a negotiation is not possible. The Bill has gone to the Senate but is blocked by the Republican Majority, even though national polls demonstrate a strong interest on behalf of American citizens.

37. U.S. House of Representatives Leadership It’s clear that the American political system has failed Americans. The future looks bleak for the economy, and the poor, with jobless rates skyrocketing around the country and foreign nations beginning to dominate the manufacturing industry. Things would start to look even bleaker though. People would continue to lose jobs, and little chubby babies would turn into sticks.

38. Reflection Given that Mr. White is a Democrat, how will he pass this bill into law as he faces a Republican majority? What concept is demonstrated with the fact that it takes two houses of Congress to pass a law and then signed by the President in order to become a law? What do the polls tell us about the status of democracy in American? That is, is it truly a representative democracy or not? Why or why not?

39. Reflection 4. Which of the following lawmaking actions is an example of a check and balance? In order to send a bill to the President, both houses of Congress must pass it. A majority is needed to pass a bill into a law. Congress has the powers to make laws Committees review bills before sending them to the full house of Congress.

40. U.S. Census, Reapportionment and Redistricting It was a decennial year and that could mean only one thing, the US Census. It was time to count the population so that each state could get its fair share of House of Representatives seats. Mr. White knew that his district would vote for him again in a heart beat. For one, the majority of them were Democrats.

41. U.S. Census, Reapportionment and Redistricting For another reason, he had passed laws that improved their lives, and he continued to fight to pass the marijuana legalization bill, despite the Republican resistance. But neither he, nor any other member of the House of Representatives, was guaranteed anything after this process was through. The state could have any number of changes, increases or decreases in Representative seats and district lines could be all mixed up.

42. U.S. Census, Reapportionment and Redistricting Well, as it turned out, after the US Census had gathered and analyzed all information, Maryland was in for worst combination. They would lose seats. That could only mean one thing, the state would have to redraw district lines for the now 7 seats apportioned to Maryland. Unfortunately, the Republicans in the state legislature had schemes to once again thwart Mr. White

43. U.S. Census, Reapportionment and Redistricting They were in charge of districting and would try to draw lines to make it impossible for Mr. White to win reelection District 4. He would have to win over the hearts and minds of a district that would be 80% republican with military backgrounds. The same group that had formed MOFOM Military Officers and Families Objecting to Marijuana.

44. U.S. Census, Reapportionment and Redistricting Did White have a chance to win if he ran for reelection? What should he do? Should he mount a massive campaign and throw loads of dough into winning or should he take a different course? Perhaps, or should he set his sights higher and run for President of the United States?

45. Reflection What are some of the purposes of the US Census? What influence does the two parties have on the representation in the U.S. House of Representatives? Why is gerrymandering illegal?

46. Reflection 4. The process of determining representation in the House of Representatives is a demonstration of federalism because The legislative branch reapportions and the executive branch redistricts the positions The Senate has the position for 6 years but the House of Representatives have the position for only 2. The Federal government reapportions and the executive branch redistricts the positions It is written into the Constitution so it was signed by the states

47. Rise to U.S. President? Mr. White decides to bow out of the House of Representatives race in his district and instead announces his candidacy for President. At the young age of 35, Mr. White will attempt to become the youngest President ever. First though, he will face an uphill race and slim chances of winning the Electoral College. “White wins Democratic Primary in Maryland by landslide” “White beats fellow Dems in California” “White wins Iowa caucuses” “Polls show White leads in southern states” “Young candidate impresses and wins Democratic Primaries.” “Up next: “White says bring on the Republican President!” “White walks 1,000 miles to shake the hands of cancer patients”

48. Rise to U.S. President? “White behind in polls to Republican President” “Middle American states all leaning Republican for Election” “White picks up California, Illinois, and Ohio” “Who will win Florida? Polls don’t know.” “White leads popular vote by grand margin, does it mean he’ll win the electoral college?” “Down to one state—Déjà vu of 2000.” “Florida will decide it all” “Can White pull of the stunning upset?” “White: 242; Palin: 267” “White says, “No matter what happens, I’ll always live in the White House.”

49. Rise to U.S. President? Things were oddly similar to the year 2000 when Al Gore was leading George Bush in the popular vote count. It would all come down to the state of Florida. What will happen next?

50. Reflection How is the Electoral College system different from a popular vote? What was the first election that Mr White had to win? How can media influence an election?

51. Reflection 4. All the following are potential problems with the electoral college EXCEPT A. Swing votes get all the attention B. People don’t directly elect the president C. The total number of electoral votes change every 10 years. D. A candidate may win the popular vote but still lose the election

52. We want to improve the videos / text from this lesson and we’d like your input. What other videos would enhance this lesson? What was too hard / too easy? What would you differently? What would you do? Instructions

53. Unit 4 Test is on Thursday February 24 and Friday February 25th. You have a copy of possible questions. Study this and your past exit slips. FIELD TRIP PERMISSION SLIPS and MONEY is DUE!!!!! HOMEWORK