The document summarizes key events and issues surrounding the US Civil War from 1861-1865. It discusses [1] the political and economic tensions between northern and southern states around the issues of slavery and westward expansion that led to the Civil War, [2] key events like the Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850, and Dred Scott decision that exacerbated tensions, [3] Lincoln's election in 1860 causing southern states to secede and form the Confederacy, and [4] how the war was ultimately won by the northern Union states who had advantages in population, industry and blockading of the South's economy and trade.

1. UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA
FACULTAD DE HUMANIDADES Y EDUCACIÓN
ESCUELA DE IDIOMAS MODERNOS
COMPONENTE CULTURAL
THE US CIVIL WAR
(1861 – 1865)
Integrantes:
Colmenares Barradas, Jhoan
Sakumoto Hina, Jessica
CARACAS, VENEZUELA

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1. THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820 )
1.1 POLITICAL AND ECONOMICAL REASONS.
2 . THE COMPROMISE OF 1850.
2.1 THE FIVE BILLS.
3. THE DRED SCOTT AFFAIR (1857)
3.1 CONSEQUENCES
4. LINCOLN'S ELECTION (1860)
5. WHAT WAS THE CIVIL WAR?
5.1 . ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
(SOUTHERNERS AND NORTHERNERS )
5.2. WHY DID THE NORTHERNERS WIN THE WAR?
5.3. HOW DID THE CIVIL WAR END?

3. THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820)
 The Missouri Compromise was supposed to be a
measure to end a serie of crises concerning to the
extension of slavery.
 It was to solve the admission of new states in the west
to The Union, and whether they would be free or slave
state.
 The Missouri Compromise was used as a slavery debate,
but the real thing was basically about political and
economical reasons.

4. POLITICAL AND ECONOMICAL REASONS
POLITICAL REASONS ECONOMICAL REASONS
 Wage paying northerns
 Competition between the were forced to compete
South and North States for against slave labor in the
south.
power in Congress.
 For Southerners was
 The control over future important to keep lands
territories. to grow more cotton to
sell to the textile mills of
 For every new state meant the northeast.
two more Senate votes ,
and the Slave states wanted  The slave- state wanted
new land to plant , so
those votes to maintain creating new states they
their political power. could continue being
slaveholders.

5. THE COMPROMISE OF 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was a package of five bills that reduced
the confrontation between the Slave State (South) and Free State
(North) and marked the end of the Era of compromise.
The Compromise included five bills :
• California was admitted as a free State.
• New Mexico , Utah and Texas , were organized without
restrictions on Slavery.
• Utah and New Mexico were given the right to decide whether or
not to allow slavery.
• The Slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia
(Washington)
• The Congrese passed a new FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT , which
provided Federal Jurisdiction to assist slaveowners in the
recovery of escaped slaves.(the Fugitive Slave Act gave
slaveowners the power)

6. THE DRED SCOTT AFFAIR (1857)
• Dred Scott was a Missouri slave who
reached his freedom after the death of his
original owner (John Emmerson), who took
him during the 1830s in the free states of
Illinois and Wisconsin. Scott and his lawyers
affirmed that this residence made him a free
man, and the case quickly turned into a
national and symbolic importance.
• About the Scott's freedom, the Court
decided to issue two rules: first, that Scott's
freedom was invalid because a slave was
not a citizen, and second, that Congress did
not have the authority to erase slavery in
the territory. Although the decision was not
unanimous, the Chief Justice Roger Taney
has represented a huge victory for the
Southeners by declaring slavery as legal in
the US.

7. THE DRED SCOTT AFFAIR (1857)
CONSEQUENCES
• Taney eliminated the entire legislative history of compromises that
restricted slavery, from the North-west Ordinance of 1787 to the
Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850.
• Instead to solve the slavery issue or demoralizing the North, the
Dred Scott decision of antislavery forces gave a significant step to
Lincoln's Republican party, which was obliged to keep slavery out of
the territories.
• Abraham Lincoln runs for presidency in 1860.
• “ They are so inferior that they had no right which a white man was
bound to respect”
• Roger Taney

8. LINCOLN S ELECTION FOR PRESIDENT (1860)
• He was born in 1809 in Kentucky.
• At age of seven, Lincoln moved to Indiana, and in
1830 He and his family stayed.
• At the age of 25, Lincoln won a seat in the Illinois
legislature and in 1836 he became a lawyer .
• In 1860 the Republicans chose Lincoln as their
candidate for the presidential election.
• Southerners chose a candidate to oppose Lincoln and
they threatened that the South would break away, or
“secede,” from the United States if Lincoln became
President.
• In December 1860, Lincoln won the election and the
state of South Carolina voted to secede from the United
States. It was soon joined by ten more southern states
• . In February 1861, these eleven states announced that
they were an independent nation, the Confederate
States of America, often known as THE CONFEDERACY.

9. WHAT WAS THE CIVIL WAR?(1861- 1865)
The US Civil War was a conflict
caused by a disagreement between
two sections:
• The Northern State that was called
«THE UNION»
• The Southern State that was
seceded from the UNION and
then, they formed the
CONFEDERATE STATES OF
AMERICA that was called «THE
CONFEDERACY»
• The US Civil War arose out because
of the issue of Slavery and illicit
trade, but also arose out in
response to the elections of
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

10. DIVISION OF THE SOUTH AND THE NORTH

11. ADVANTAGES OF SOUTHERNERS AND NORTHERNERS
IN WAR
NORTHENERS SOUTHENERS
• They were fighting to keep • They were fighting for the
the country together independence from the
against a divided USA. North.
• They had more population • They has better trained
than the Southeners and soldiers and they had a
most of the weapon better structured army.
factories were located in the
North. • The geographical situation
of the South allowed them
• Their will was that all slaves to defend better. They
were free in the knew their territory,
Confederate States. instead the North had to
move on to an unknown
territory .

12. WHY DID THE NORTHERNERS WIN THE
WAR?
• The Northerners had more popuLation than the
Southerners.
• The North blocked the main economic sources of the
South, so the Southerners could not sell their cotton or
receive any reinforcements, supplies of
munitions, food, and other necessities leaving the South
weak to the point of bringing the South to starvation.
They were dependent of the trade.
• Britain and France did not recognize the Confederacy as
a country.

13. HOW DID THE CIVIL WAR END?
• The Civil War put an end to slavery. In 1865
slavery was abolished everywhere in the United
States by the 13th Amendment to the Constitution.
• The Civil War decided that the United States was
one nation, whose parts could not be separated.

14. US BEFORE THE CIVIL WAR

15. US BEGINNING THE CIVIL WAR

16. REFERENCES
 Kenneth C. Davis. (1990) , Don´t know much about
history. NY: Avon Books
 answers.com
 us-civilwar.com
 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War (images)