Ralph C. Merkle

1. Nanomedicine and Cryonics Ralph C. Merkle Distinguished Professor of Computing Georgia Tech College of Computing

2. Health, wealth and atoms

5. Molecular machines

8. Impact Mitochondrion ~1-2 by 0.1-0.5 microns Size of a robotic arm ~100 nanometers 8-bit computer

9. Impact “ Typical” cell: ~20 microns Mitochondrion Size of a robotic arm ~100 nanometers

10. Mitochondrion Molecular computer + peripherals “ Typical” cell

11. Correcting DNA

12. Respirocytes http://www.foresight.org/Nanomedicine/Respirocytes.html

16. 98.6 º F -320 º F Cool Revive Time Temperature (Decades) Cryonics 98.6 º F

18. It works It doesn’t work Sign Up Do Nothing Live Die Die Lose life insurance Die The choice

19. Mammalian Organs and Organized Tissues Successfully Preserved by Slow Cooling to  60 Degrees Centigrade. * Partial success only; pancreases supported life. Adapted from Analysis of “Solution Effects” Injury: Rabbit Renal Cortex Frozen in the Presence of Dimethyl Sulfoxide , by Gregory M. Fahy, Cryobiology 17, 371-388 (1980) Adrenal cortex Anterior pituitary Arterial smooth muscle Atrial fragments Bone marrow Cartillage Cerebral cortex (fetal) Corneas Embryos Epididymus Fallopian tube Hearts (fetal) Heart valves Intestine & intestinal smooth muscle strips Kidney tissue Legs (in vivo) Livers* Microvasculature* Ovarian tissue Pancreases (adult* & fetal) Parathyroid tissue Prostate tissue Seminal vesicles Skin Spleens* & splenic tissue Superior cervical ganglia Testicular tissue Thymus glands Thyroid tissue Tooth germs Trachea (fetal) Ureters Uteri and uterine horns* Veins (jugular) Ventricular tissue Cryopreservation

20. The choice

24. Surface scan EM image of metal replica of the surface

25. Frozen Kidney Vitrified Kidney -130°C

27. SURFACE PROBE STICKY Surface scan

28. SURFACE PROBE STICKY Surface scan

29. SURFACE PROBE STICKY Surface scan

30. SURFACE PROBE Surface scan

31. Surface scan

33. Microbivore Eats Bacterium

40. Web pages www.foresight.org/Nanomedicine/ www.zyvex.com/nano