Anti epileptic drugs

Anti-epileptic Drugs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pathophysiology of Seizures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Evidence for the Pathophysiology of Seizures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Strategies in Treatment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Classification of Anticonvulsants Felbamate Topiramate Benzodiazepines (diazepam, clonazepam) Barbiturates (phenobarbital) Valproic acid Gabapentin Vigabatrin Topiramate Felbamate Na + : Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine Topiramate Valproic acid Ca ++ : Ethosuximide Valproic acid Most effective in myoclonic but also in tonic-clonic and partial Clonazepam: for Absence Na + : For general tonic-clonic and partial seizures Ca ++ : For Absence seizures Inhibit EAA Transmission Enhance GABA Transmission Action on Ion Channels

Classification of Anticonvulsants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Phenytoin Phenobarbital Carbamazepine Ethosuximide Trimethadione Valproic Acid R 1 R 2 R 3 X

Phenytoin or Diphenylhydantoin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dose (mg/day) Plasma Concentration (mg/L) Relationship between Phenytoin Daily Dose and Plasma Concentration In 5 Patients

Phenytoin – Toxicity and Adverse Events ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Phenytoin – Toxicity

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Phenytoin – Toxicity and Adverse Events

Fosphenytoin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Other Na Channel Blockers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inhibitors of Calcium Channels Ethosuximide ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Enhancers of GABA Transmission ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Enhancers of GABA Transmission

GABA-A Receptor Binding Sites Cl -

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Enhancers of GABA Transmission

Vigabatrin GABA Tiagabine Gabapentin

TGB VGB BZD TPM VGB GBP GABA-T GABA-T Modulators of GABA Transmission TGB

Valproic Acid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Other Drugs ,[object Object],[object Object]

Treatment of Epilepsy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Anti epileptic drugs

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