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FIN 370 Cash Flow Problem Sets (4-5,4-7,4-8,4-11,4-13)
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4-5 Multiyear Future Value How much would be in your savings
account in 11 years after depositing $150 today if the bank pays 8
percent per year? Week 3 DQ 1
Due Tuesday, Day 2
Post your answer to Problem 3.5 on p. 109 (Ch. 3). How might the
information contained within the stockholder equity statement be
used for management and investor decision-making? Provide specific
examples of situations in which the stockholder equity information
might be used.
The statement of stockholders’ equity provides the changes in the
equity accounts during the accounting period more in depth than the
balance sheet. The information found on the statement of
stockholders’ equity includes retained earnings, common and
preferred stock, and additional paid in capital. Management uses the
statement of stockholders’ equity to ensure they are reaching their
goal of maximizing shareholder's equity. The use of market ratios
help with the analysis of the statement of stockholders’ equity, such
as earnings per share, price-to-earnings, dividend payout, and
dividend yield. These ratios will help both management and investors
in analyzing the company. For example, if I were looking to invest in a

company’s stocks I would utilize all of the financial ratios, as well as
the market ratios. The earnings per share ratio is calculated before
the price to earnings ratio, P/E, because the earnings per share ratio
is used in the second. If a company pays dividends, the dividend
payout ratio will come in handy. It tells us “The percentage
of earnings paid to shareholders in dividends” (Investopedia, 2010, p.
1).
References
Investopedia. (2010). Dividend Payout Ratio. Retrieved August 3,
2010, from
Investopedia:http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/dividendpayoutrat
io.asp
Response 2
Explain what can be found on a statement of stockholders’ equity.
The major elements of stockholders' equity include capital stock,
paid-in capital, retained earnings, treasury stock, unrealized loss on
long-term investments, and foreign currency translation gains and
losses.
How might the information contained within the stockholder equity
statement be used for management and investor decision-making?
Provide specific examples of situations in which the stockholder
equity information might be used.

Management may look at the stockholder’s equity statement
retained earnings section to determine if company should borrow
money for capital investments or finance it through various forms of
equity. It may also be used by the stockholder to evaluate the
compensation paid to the company officers. Investors may also look
at the statement for cumulative net unrealized gains and losses
before purchasing stock in the company. Investors are also interested
in the paid in capital because they can compare it to the additional
paid in capital and the difference between the two values will equal
the premium paid by investors over and above the par value of the
shares.
DQ 2
Week 3 DQ 2
Due Thursday, Day 4
Provide an example from the text or the Internet that demonstrates a
situation in which a company’s net profits appeared good in the
statements, but the gross or operating profits presented a different
picture. Discuss how this might have occurred. Respond to the
following question, addressed in Problem 3.6 on p. 109 (Ch. 3): “Why
is the bottom-line figure, net income, not necessarily a good indicator

of a firm’s financial success?” Look for indicators like liquidity or
solvency to answer this discussion question.
An example that demonstrates the situation is Enron. Enron’s
financial statements did not show all the expenses and costs. Instead
of showing them on the income statement they made entries so the
cost and expenses would post in the balance sheet. The same was
done with the revenues. This way it would be less expenses and the
net profit appeared good. Many debts and losses were not reported
in the financial statements. From the third quarter of 2000 through
the third quarter of 2001, the directors fraudulently used reserve
accounts within Enron Wholesale to mask the extent and volatility of
its windfall trading profits, particularly its profits from
theCalifornia energy markets; avoid reporting large losses in other
areas of its business; and preserve the earnings for use in later
quarters. By early 2001, Enron Wholesale's undisclosed reserve
accounts contained over $1 billion in earnings. The head of the
company improperly used hundreds of millions of dollars of these
reserves to ensure that analysts' expectations were met. In addition,
Skilling and others improperly used the reserves to conceal hundreds
of millions of dollars in losses within Enron's EES business unit from
the investing public.This would show the creditors that Enron was
making profits and its position was solid.
The net income is not necessarily a good indicator of a firm’s financial
success because the income statement only shows the profit or loss
at a period of time and does not show the whole picture of the
company. The Balance Sheet, Statement of cash flow, Statement of
shareholders’ equity and the Income Statement all together give the

real picture of the business. Each one of them shows different aspects
of the business. These statements show where the income is actually
coming from; is it from sales or from loans the company is
borrowing? If the company is selling a building or any other asset but
that does not mean that it is selling more products and making profit.
Looking at the Income Statements the company might be making
profit but at the same time it is extremely leveraged.
Response 2
A company’s net income is not the whole picture, just part of it. There
are lots of things that contribute to the net income that may not be
significative to the company’s success. If the value of a dollar has a
sudden change that can affect the bottom line if the company
happens to hold the medium of exchange that can benefit by the
change that might occur. The company can falsely inflate the bottom
line. A company’s net income is coupled with liabilities, cash flow,
and selects financial ratios. Looking at it this way is a much better
way of seeing what the company’s success is like. A company can
change up many things to make it look like their income is better.
These things that can be changed are single sales events, cash
infusion, or false financial statements. Some things like debt that a
company has, the company’s cash on hand, their capital assets
conditions, or even their sales trends. To figure the success of the
company, you must look at the whole picture. One thing cannot tell
you all the facts of the company’s affairs. You cannot tell the net

income of the company just from the bottom line. Look at all the
financial records.
Response 3
Provide an example from the text or the Internet that demonstrates a
situation in which a company’s net profits appeared good in the
statements, but the gross or operating profits presented a different
picture. Discuss how this might have occurred. Respond to the
following question, addressed in Problem 3.6 on p. 109 (Ch. 3): “Why
is the bottom-line figure, net income, not necessarily a good indicator
of a firm’s financial success?” Look for indicators like liquidity or
solvency to answer this discussion question.
Net income is not necessarily a good indicator of a firm’s financial
success because they have ways to manipulate it by increasing their
revenues or hiding some of their expenses. For investors trying to
decide where to invest their money, they need to look more into
assessing how the company came up with the numbers they
presented.
An example of this situation is when Laribee Wire Manufacturing Co.
exaggerated in recording their inventory value which allowed them in
acquiring loans from six banks totaling to about $130 million using it
as collateral. At the same time, they reported $3 million in net
income for the period, but in actuality they lost $6.5 million.
This company showed a higher net income by reporting fake
inventory in which its value was overstated and transferred over to
their income statement. When the banks assessed their financial
statements, it was enough to sway them into lending the loans they

needed.
Reference:
Investopedia. (2010). Spotting Creative Accounting On The Balance
Sheet. Retrieved
fromhttp://www.investopedia.com/search/searchresults.aspx?q=Spott
ing+Creative+Accounting+On+The+Balance+Sheet&submit=Searc
h
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FIN 370 Final Exam Guide (New 2017)
Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the cash
cycle? Accepting a supplier’s discount for early payment decreases
the cash cycle. Increasing the accounts payable period increases the
cash cycle. Income statement is a financial statement that shows how
much money is coming from product sales and services prior to any
expenses being taken out. Both internal and external users such as
managers and investors are able to access this. For example, if a
investor wanted to see if the company made money or lost money they
would use this financial statement report.
Balance sheet shows what condition the company is currently in.
whereas the other financial statements only came monthly or
annually. For example, what if the management planning team
wanted to see the company's current assets, ownership equity and
liabilities? All they have to do is run the balance sheet report.

CVP income statement or Cost Volume statement reports or monitors
the effects of the changes in cost and volume when it comes to the
company profits. For example, I work at a manufacturing plant for
roofing shingles. The CVP analyst studies the cost which includes but
not limited too, manufacturing, material, labor cost. This financial
statement report would help the management team budget the cost of
manufacturing goods.
Statement of cash flow tracks the movement of cash coming in or out
of the business. This financial statement will show if the company
made cash or not, or if the net income increased or decreased. For
example, the owner or the management department will use this to
determine if the company has earned enough money to be able to for
any expenses.
Retained earnings statements is a percentage that is kept by the
company to be reinvested or to be used to pay debts. For example, if a
company was looking to expand their business by purchasing top of
the line equipment they can use this statement to see how much money
the company has put away.
References:
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/retainedearnings.asphttp://finan
cial- Retrieved 2/18/2010
statements.suite101.com/article.cfm/financial_statements_the_p_l.
Retrieved 2/18/2010
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FIN 370 Final Exam Guide (New)

Which financial statement reports the amounts of cash that the firm
generated and distributed during a particular time period? statement
of retained earnings Income statement Statement of cash flows
Balance sheet Which of these provide a forum in which demanders of
funds raise funds by issuing new financial instruments, such as stocks
and bonds? Discussion Question 1: Post your response to the
following:
How would you describe the difference between financial and
managerial accounting? What are the distinguishing features of
managerial accounting?
There are many differences between financial and managerial
accounting. The financial accounting statements are available to
external users such as employees, stockholders, creditors, investors,
etc. This is available to them so that they can monitor the company's
performances quarterly or annually. Managerial accounting provides
financial information for managers and other internal people or
department. Managerial accounting is confidential so it is only
observed by internal users such as management, owner, and will
provided to external users such as the public. Management uses this
for budgeting purposes or to monitor profit loss/gain within the
company. Managerial accounting can be available to them as often
as needed. Managerial accounting statements is a great way for
management to make decisions based on what has been reported.
Another response
The differences between managerial accounting and financial
accounting are distinct. Managerial accounting reports are for those
in managerial and decision making positions. The managers use the

financial report to answer questions, which would advance the
company and its employees. The manager would want to know if
certain investments should be made and should the company
advance an employee's salary. The manager needs the report to
decide if a factory is built or if a certain stock is brought. The financial
accountant has the job of showing the external users such as
creditors and stockholders a picture of the company's stability.
The manager's purpose is to manage by making stable plans,
delegate duties, motivate the workers, and control the atmosphere.
Distinguishing features of managerial accounting are the fact no cpa
will audit the report, and there is no specific frequency of the report.
The reports are done in a need to know basis and for a specific
reason, which is for business purposes. The reports are detailed and
pertain to specific business decisions. The financial accountant need
only be concerned with the company's finances.
DQ2
Discussion Question 2: Post your response to the following:
Select a management function (planning, directing and
motivating, or controlling) and explain how that function relates to
business as a whole. Next, select a different function listed by a
classmate. Discuss with your classmate how the functions you each
selected complement each other.
The management functions that I choose was controlling.
Controlling job is to make sure that the each
department/person is keeping the company's activities or plans on
track and in order to achieve that they must work closely with

Management planning function. Controlling continually compares the
company's performance to make sure that the planned standards
are being met. In my opinion this is known as the "dirty work".
Controlling operations have to know what to look for and how to
keep track of all the company's activities. They have to take actions
and quickly correct any errors and make sure that the company goals
are being achieved in a timely matter or the time that it was planned.
If there are errors it is job of the controlling operations to take quick
action. The controlling operations not only correct errors after it
happens but they also are in charge of foreseeing any potential errors
and act quickly to get that resolved.
Another response
I chose Controlling as part of the management function. The
controlling function relates to business as a whole because it helps
monitoring the firm’s performance to make sure the planned goals
are being met. Managers need to pay attention to costs versus
performance of the organization. let say, if the company has a goal of
increasing sales by 10% over the next two months, the manager may
check the progress toward the goal at the end of month one. If they
are not reaching the goal the manager must decide what changes
are needed to get back on track.
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FIN 370 Week 1 Calculating Ratios Worksheet (2 Set)

This Tutorial contains 2 Set of Answers FIN 370 Week 1 Calculating
Ratios Worksheet 1. What is “agency theory?” How can setting the
appropriate goals for the firm minimize the agency problem? Cost,
Volume, and Profit Formulas
By
Kamilah Crooms
Due February 28, 2010
Explain the components of cost-volume-profit analysis.
The components of cost volume-profit analysis consist of Level or
volume of activity, Unit Selling Price, Variable Cost per unit, total
fixed costs, and Sales mix.
What does each of the components mean?

Level or volume of activity is the activity that causes change or
behavior when it comes to the cost. Unit selling Price is the cost for
the product basically how much each unit is selling for. The Variable
Cost per unit is something that can change depending on the activity.
The total fixed cost does stay the same as activities change but differ
per unit. The Sales mix is basically what the name says. It’s a mixture
of sale items when more than one product sold the sales will remain
the consistent.
Based on the formulas you have reviewed, what happens to
contribution margin per unit when unit selling prices increase?
Contribution margin is the amount of revenue left over after
subtracting the variable cost. So basically Unit sales price subtracting
or minus variable cost.
Illustrate your explanation with an example from a fictitious
company of how an increase in unit selling prices might affect
contribution margin.
Kelly’s Sweetheart Flowers
The owner of Kelly’s Sweetheart Flowers is selling their bouquet of
flowers for $10 per unit. The Variable Cost per unit is $4.00. The
contribution margin will be ($10-$4) = $6. If the sells price increases
to say $15, then the contribution margin will be ($15-$6) = $9 per
unit.

When fixed costs decrease, what does this do for sales? Illustrate
your explanation with an example from a fictitious company.
Kelly’s Sweetheart Flowers
When the fixed cost decreases, the contribution margin ratio the net
income and sales will increase.
For example,
The flowers are $10 per unit. The variable cost per unit is $4.00. The
contribution margin will be ($10-$4) = $6. The fixed cost is $3. We
subtract Contribution margin – Fixed Cost= Net income. The net
income is $3.00.
Define contribution ratios
The contribution margin ratio is the contribution margin per unit
margin divided by the unit selling price.
What happens to contribution ratios as one of the components
changes?
Shown in the example above, if one or more of the components
changes is will cause the net income to increase or decrease.

Reference
statements.suite101.com/article.cfm/cost_volume_profits*the_p_l.
Retrieved 2/28/2010
//http:yourdictionary.com /CVP.org Retrieved 2/26/2010
Thomas, Y. 2005-08-27 “Accounting 101 pg. 52 Statements
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FIN 370 Week 1 Calculating RatiosLake of Egypt Marina
(3-29, 3-30)
FIN 370 Week 1 Calculating Ratios Review the financial statements
for Lake of Egypt Marina, Inc. Complete the following problem sets
from Chapter 3 in Microsoft® Excel7 How should mixed costs be
classified in CVP analysis? What approach is used to effect the
appropriate classification?

According to our class materials all mixed cost must be classified into
their fixed and variable and variable elements. The method that can
be used to determine is called the high/low method. To determine
the variable cost the analysis takes the total cost and divide it with
the low activity level. To get the fixed cost then the company would
have to subtract the total variable with either the high or low activity
level.
9. Cost volume profit CVP analysis is based entirely on unit costs. Do
you agree? Explain.
In my opinion when it comes to making financial decisions for the
company, often times more than one method is used. Cost volume
profit is also based on Volume or level activities, unit selling prices,
variable cost per unit, total fixed and sales mix.
14. You can find the break point in dollars by drawing a horizontal
line to the vertical axis. I you want to find the break even point in
units it will be a vertical line from the break even point to the
horizontal axis.
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FIN 370 Week 1 Question and Problem Sets (Ch 1: Q 3,11
Ch 2: Q4,9, CH 3: Q4,7, Ch 4: Q 1,6)
Purpose of Assignment Complete the following Questions and
Problems (Concepts and Critical Thinking Questions for Ch. 1 Only)

from each chapter as indicated. Show all work and analysis. Prepare
in Microsoft® Excel® or Word Axia College Material
Appendix C
Budgets Matrix
Directions: Using the matrix, define each of the budgets listed and
briefly describe its uses.
Budget Definition Describe its uses
Sales budget Estimate of the
expected sales for
the period. All of the
other budgets
depend on the sales
budget. This is where
all the other budgets
will start from
The sales budget
shows dollars and
units. This will allow
management to see
how many units will
be produced for the
period
Production budget A production of units
needed to be
produced in order to
meet the projected
sales
Shows management
how many units will
be produced during
each budget period
and what amount is
needed to fulfill
inventory demands
Direct materials Is the estimated Shows management

budget quantity or cost of
the raw materials
that is needed in
order to produce the
units required to
fulfill inventory
how much raw
materials that is
already on hand and
or that needs to be
ordered to meet
inventory demands.
Direct labor budget A estimate of cost
and quantity of
direct labor needed
in order to meet
production
Shows how many
hours, how many
laborers needed to
produce the units for
that budget period.
Management will
decide what will be
the right amount of
laborers needed and
if the company will
be able to meet the
budget
Manufacturing
overhead budget
An estimated
expected amount of
manufacturing cost
for the budget period
This list all overhead
cost involving cash
disbursement in a
quarter
Selling and
administrative
expense budget
Anticipated selling
and administrative
expenses in the
budget period
Shows area of budget
expenses that are not
listed other than
manufacturing.
Expenses such as
marketing,
promotion cost etc

for the budget period
Budgeted income
statement
Estimate of expected
profitability of
operations in a
budget period
Is a very important
tool because it shows
the company
estimated profit for
the budget period.
Cash budget A projection of
expected cash flows
in and out of the
business.
Cash budget helps
management keep a
tally or total of all
cash balances.
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FIN 370 Week 2 Cash Flow Problem Sets (5-1,5-3,5-5,5-
7,5-12,5-15,5-39)
FIN 370 Week 2 Cash Flow Problem Sets Complete the following
problem sets from Chapter 5 in Microsoft® Excel®: • 5-1 • 5-3 • 5-5 •
5-7 • 5-12 • 5-15 • 5-39 (Calculate monthly payment only) 5-
1FutureValue Compute the future value in year 9 of a $2,000 deposit

in year 1 and another $1,500 deposit at the end of year 3 using a 10
percent interest rate. Discussion Question 1: Post your response to
the following:
You know how important it is to create budgets for your
household. How does budgeting help management make good
business decisions?
Budgeting is a very important skill that can be applied to everyday
life and also when it comes to making good business decisions. I
really like the way our class resources says about Budgeting.
Budgeting is used as a planning tool used by management to make
good decision for the company. If a company is successful than more
than likely that means that the management team is very good at
managing the company finances. Budgeting helps management plan
ahead, defines what is most important, shows warning signs, reach a
company target without over or under budgeting and etc.
Another response
In a business, a budget helps a business make good decisions because
they are used by the company to plan for future events and
coordinate the events and duties in the company. They also gives
objectives used to evaluate the performance of the company on each
level which can help to make future decisions that will not hurt the
company based on the projected objectives. It can also be used to
alert the company of possible problems or negative trends in the
company that need to be addressed so that there is a clear picture of
the overall health of the company before decisions are made. The
budget helps the company to be able to make an informed decision
when making one. It is there in order to make sure that making a

decision like taking on another company will not hurt the company
and is something that the compnay can sustain based on the budget.
DQ2
Discussion Question 2: Post your response to the following:
What are some of the different types of budgets?
Describe in detail one type of budget covered in the text.
Describe what the budget is used for and what information it
provides a business.
Then, as you respond to your classmates, discuss how the
budget you described relates to the budgets they described.
Discuss how a business benefits from each of the budgets.
There are many different types of budgetting. For example, there
sales budget which allows management to see how many units that
need to be produced, production budget which will allows everyone
to see how many units are going to be produced in or needed to be
produced in order to meet the inventory for that budget period. One
budget that I can describe in detail is called the direct labor budget
and this budget shows how many people, hours is needed in order to
meet the required budget for that period. This will give management
an idea of how much money is needed such as paying the cost of
labor. The company benefits by each of these budgets because it will
help manage just how much money it will cost the company during

this period. Management can also see if there are different ways to
cost the company out of pocket cost down during this period.
Another response
I chose to write about the Production Budget. The Production Budget
shows the cost of each unit needed to produce an item or
manufacture a product. The formula used by the Production Budget :
Budget sales units + Desired ending finished goods units - Beginning
finished goods units = Required production units.
An example would be, every Easter the bakeries in the Bronx loads up
on Hot Cross Buns. My mother and grandmother would buy these
tasty sweet breads,and eat them for breakfast. I personally would
like to eat them every week but, they are only sold during the Easter
season. Maybe, it has something to do with the glazed cross on the
top.
Every Easter Holiday, there appears these Hot Cross Buns and the
bakeries production department allows for the purchases for items
needed to make the buns. After Easter has gone, Hot Cross Buns are
not included in the budget.
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FIN 370 Week 2 Financial Markets and Institutions
Report (2 Papers)

This Tutorial contains 2 Papers FIN 370 Week 2 Financial Markets and
Institutions Report Create a 1,050-word report, and include the
following: What is a Flexible budget?
A Flexible budget is a budget that change or is flexible during
different levels or activity. Unlike the static budget which is a budget
based on one activity level, the flexible budget is based off of more
than one activity level.
The steps to development a flexible budget is :
a) Identify the activity index, and the range of activity
b) Find out what the variable cost, and determine the variable cost
per unit
c) Find out what the fixed cost and determine the budgeted
amount for each unit
d) Organize the budget for selected additional activity within the
appropriate range
The information found on a flexible budget cannot begin with
the master budget. The flexible budget uses the same guidelines the
original budget. The budget consists of Sales, Cost of Goods Sold,
Selling Expenses, General and Administrative Expenses, Income
Taxes, and finally the Net Income.
The information on the budget is a great tool to be used for
evaluation performances. The flexible budget can be used for

monthly comparison purposes. Also during the process that
management is identifying the activity index and the range of activity
it will allow them to see the cost of direct labor hours for that budget
period.
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FIN 370 Week 2 Question and Problem Sets (Ch 5: Q3,Q4
Ch 6: Q2, Q20, Ch 7 : Q3,Q11 Ch 8: Q1,Q6)
Prepare in Microsoft® Excel® or Word. • Ch. 5: Questions 3 & 4
(Question and Problems section): Microsoft® Excel® templates
provided for Problems 3 and 4 • • Ch. 6: Questions 2 & 20 (Questions
and Problems section) Capstone Discussion Question: Post your
response to the following:
Think back over what you have studied and learned in this
course. Do you have a new perception of or appreciation for the field
of accounting and how it contributes to business? Explain.
To be perfectly honest with you I truly had no clue what accounting
did for a company and how important it was. I always thought that
accounting only dealt with payroll. In fact accounting does much
more that just payroll and monitor company supplies (coffee, paper,
pens & pencils). The accounting sets budgets for the entire company,
monitors outflow and inflow of profits, plans budgets for each
department, and much more. When I first begun this class I was
really nervous, I truly thought that I was going to have a hard time

understanding the accounting but I happy to say that I was wrong. I
understood every part of this course.
On a personal note I would like to thank you Jess. If it wasn't for your
pep talk I probably would had gave up. You are truly a
great instructor. I wish you all the best! God Bless
Another response
Accounting has taken a whole new meaning to me in my vocabulary.
Prior to this course, I just took accounting as a calculator and
crunching numbers. I now have a new respect for accounting and all
the aspects that are involved. I never once took into consideration
profit, sales, revenue, and balance sheets also being included with
accounting. There is so much more involved with accounting, and
had I not taken this course I would have never known. Accounting is
a very important part of running a business. I feel that it is imperative
to all people thinking of opening a business should take some type of
accounting class to become more aware of how to run the
accounting part of a business.
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FIN 370 Week 3 Assignment Financial Ratio analysis
Purpose of Assignment Students should understand how to use the
financial information and tools learned in the class on a public

company, obtain public company SEC reports, and use that data to
calculate a company's financial ratios and their comparison to
industry or competitor standards.
Business Plan
By
Kamilah T. Crooms

The name of my business is called DestinyWear. DestinyWear is
a urban fashion clothing company for woman, men and youth.
DestinyWear specializes in making clothing for every occasion. My
name is Kamilah Crooms and I am the owner and CEO of
DestinyWear.My goal is to ensure that my company will be succesfull
in all areas and in each department. In order for me to make sure
that the company was going to begin in the right direction I had to
priortize what was most important in establishing my business plan.
The main priority is that I had to first choose the appropriate business
structure, a high demanding product, and most of all an outstanding
accounting team.

Business Structure
Upon establishing DestinyWear I had to decide which business
struture that I felt was best for me to pursue. I decided that as a
Entreprenuer the best choice for me abd the direction of the company
would be for me to be sole proprietorship. Sole proprietorship
allowed me to be the sole owner of DestinyWear. The first and most
important reason that I wanted sole proprietorship is because it is
much easier to start a business as sole proprietorships. Sole
proprietorship takes all the profit that and doesn't have to split it
between any other owners or corporations. I also want the power to
make and change decisions along the way without having to first
consult anyone else.
DestinyWear Products
DestinyWear products will range from jeans, shirts, accessories and
shoes. The company will first start off with its most profitable product
and that will be the DestinyWear designer jeans line. The jeans line
has over twenty different jeans designs

from straight leg, baggy, cargo, overalls, shorts and much more. The
jeans line will provide services within the United States and Canada
and will eventually service International customers. The DestinyWear
jeans line will have its own building. In this building the bottom floor
will consist of the factory and the top floor will have the different
departments such as management, marketing and most importantly
the accounting department.
DestinyWear Accounting Department
The accounting plays a major role in establishing my company
DestinyWear. The accounting department does more than managing
and reporting the company’s financial documents it is the greatest
tool in establishing my business. The key to a powerful accounting
department here at DestinyWear is applying the principles of internal
control. These principles consist of establishment of responsibilities,
segregation of responsibilities, documentation procedures, Physical,
mechanical, and electronic controls, Independent internal verification
and other controls such as Bonding of employees. In order to ensure
that this business plan works DestinyWear has to hire nothing but the
best qualified employees.
DestinyWear Accounting Staff
DestinyWear accounting team of fine employees will all be
hired through the company. There are several requirements that
have to be met in order for myself as the owner and Human Resource

department to even consider the applicant for accounting. We looked
for characteristics, education and work history experience. The first
and far most important qualifying requirements are education. The
applicant has to have a Bachelor BA/BS in accounting degree a plus if
he or she has a master’s.
The second requirement is experience. The applicant must have the
minimum of five years of experience working in accounting. He or She
must have knowledge and employment experience of working with
financial statements, cash management and internal control.
Employees must be experienced in Invest idle cash, planning the
timing of major expenditures, delay payment of liabilities keeping
inventory levels low, and increasing the speed of collection on
receivables. In the category of experience we had to hire applicants
according to the position that had to be filled in accounting. For
example, if a position in accounting such as management or
supervisory needed to be filled, then we would look for years of
experience in management or supervisory positions. I personally
prefer that every employee have some type of management
experience.
Last but not least, the employees characteristics. It is a must that
every accounting staff member has and applies professionalism,
great ethic and moral skills, accuracy, and most importantly
punctuality, and reaching company deadlines. These characteristics
are very important to have at DestinyWear.
DestinyWear Accounting Management Team
The DestinyWear accounting management team will be
reporting to me and to the other head staff each week to report
updates and any new changes. The management team is responsible
to have all the different types of budgeting reports that includes

Sales, Labor, etc. Management must follow the responsibility
reporting system for each department. The managers will use the
company’s financial information to predict outcomes of the business.
I require a report from each responsibility center, cost center, profit
center and investment center to be reported each month.
Management is responsible to ensure that the company does not
over or under budget and if any changes it must be reported
immediately.
Conclusion
DestinyWear will be a very successful team not only because of
the products that we produce but because of having a great
accounting team. With the help of accounting team I DestinyWear
products will be in every wardrobe in America.
REFERENCES
 //http:yourdictionary.com /CVP.org Retrieved 3/20/2010
 Thomas, Y. 2005-08-27 “Accounting 101 pg. 52 Statements.
March 19, 2010
 Drucker, P. Managing in the next society 2002. retrieved march
19,2010
 -----------------------------------------------------------

FIN 370 Week 3 Individual AssingmentRisk and Return
Analysis Report (2 Papers)
This tutorial contains 2 Papers FIN 370 Week 3 Risk and Return
Analysis Create a 1,050-word report, and include the following: •
Explain the relationship between risk and return
Costco Wholesale Corporation
If we look at the financial statements of the company we can find
that the company is financially strong. Its strength are:
1. It has enough amount of current asset to repay its current
liability. The current ratio of the company 8.18 indicates that
the company has $8.18 liquid asset to repay its $1 of current
liability.
2. The operating cost of the company is increasing because the
company is able to reduce its expenses.
3. Cash from operating activity has increased for the company.
Apart from this strength the company also has some weakness in its
financial statement:
(i) Increasing inventory indicates that the company inventory
conversion period is increasing.
(ii) The cash from investing activity shows that the company
cash outflow is more in the short term investment i.e. in non
operating activity.
(iii) The overall has for the year 2008 has declined for the
company.

Net Income:
If we look at the trend in net income of the company we can find that
the company net income looks fluctuating but it has improved it net
income in 2008 as compared to 2007.
Debt ratio as a percentage of total assets:
If we look at the debt ratio as percent of total asset we can find that
the debt ratio is declining in 2008 as compared to 2007 i.e. the
company is increasing equity to finance debt.
Debt as a percentage of total equity:

As we can see that the debt as percent of total equity is declining in
2008 as compared to 2007 i.e. the company is increasing equity in its
capital structure.
As we can see that there is nothing negative in 2008 for the company
and this is the reason it has positive trend as compared to 2007.
Hence there is no need to correct anything for the company.
-----------------------------------------------------------
FIN 370 Week 3 Risk and Return Problem Sets (7-21,7-
27,8-19,8-21,9-33)
FIN 370 Week 3 Risk and Return Problem Sets Complete the following
problem sets from Chapter 7 in Microsoft® Excel®: • 7-21 • 7-27
Complete the following problem sets from Chapter 8 in Microsoft®
Excel®: Week 1 DQ 1
Due Tuesday, Day 2

Go to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s Web site
at http://www.sec.gov and the Financial Accounting Standards
Board’s Web site athttp://www.fasb.org. Identify the mission and
main activities of each organization. Then, analyze the similarities
and differences between the roles of each entity. Which entity has
more influence over financial statement reporting? Explain your
answer.
According to the SEC website their mission is to protect investors,
maintain fair, orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitate capital
formation. The SEC also requires public companies to disclose
meaningful financial and other information to the public. This
provides a common pool of knowledge for all investors to use to
judge for themselves whether to buy, sell, or hold a particular
security. The SEC is concerned primarily with promoting the
disclosure of important market-related information, maintaining fair
dealing, and protecting against fraud.
According to the FASB website the mission of the FASB is to establish
and improve standards of financial accounting and reporting that
foster financial reporting by nongovernmental entities that provides
decision-useful information to investors and other users of financial
reports. Since 1973, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
has been the designated organization in the private sector for
establishing standards of financial accounting that govern the
preparation of financial reports by nongovernmental entities

The major difference in the SEC and the FASB is that the SEC deals
with reporting of financial statements for all industries while the
FASB deals mainly with the private nongovernmental entities. Both
are concerned with the fairness of financial reports and work in the
interest of the public. I believe that the SEC has more influence over
financial statement reporting because they can bring civil action
against companies and individuals for violations of securities laws.
Although according to the FASB website, “the Commission’s policy
has been to rely on the private sector for this function to the extent
that the private sector demonstrates ability to fulfill the responsibility
in the public interest.
Response 2
Go to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s Web site
at http://www.sec.gov and the Financial Accounting Standards
Board’s Web site athttp://www.fasb.org. Identify the mission and
main activities of each organization. Then, analyze the similarities
and differences between the roles of each entity. Which entity has
more influence over financial statement reporting? Explain your
answer.
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
According to the SEC’s website “The mission of the U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission is to protect investors, maintain fair,
orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitate capital formation”(U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission, 2010, Para. 1).
The main activities of the SEC are to interpret federal securities
laws; issue new rules and amend existing rules; oversee the

inspection of securities firms, brokers, investment advisers, and
ratings agencies; oversee private regulatory organizations in the
securities, accounting, and auditing fields; and coordinate U.S.
securities regulation with federal, state, and foreign authorities. (U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission, 2010)
Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
According to the FASB’s website “The mission of the FASB is to
establish and improve standards of financial accounting and
reporting that foster financial reporting by nongovernmental entities
that provides decision-useful information to investors and other users
of financial reports. That mission is accomplished through a
comprehensive and independent process that encourages broad
participation, objectively considers all stakeholder views, and is
subject to oversight by the Financial Accounting Foundation’s Board
of Trustees” (Financial Accounting Standards Board, n.d., Para. 3).
The main activities of the FASB are to identify financial reporting
issues based on requests/recommendations from stakeholders or
through other means. The FASB Chairman decides whether to add a
project to the technical agenda, after consultation with FASB
Members and others as appropriate, and subject to oversight by the
Foundation's Board of Trustees. The Board deliberates at one or more
public meetings the various reporting issues identified and analyzed
by the staff. The Board issues an Exposure Draft to solicit broad
stakeholder input. (In some projects, the Board may issue a
Discussion Paper to obtain input in the early stages of a project) The
Board holds a public roundtable meeting on the Exposure Draft, if
necessary. The staff analyzes comment letters, public roundtable
discussion, and any other information obtained through due process
activities. The Board redeliberates the proposed provisions, carefully

considering the stakeholder input received, at one or more public
meetings. The Board issues an Accounting Standards Update
describing amendments to the Accounting Standards Codification
(Financial Accounting Standards Board, n.d.).
Both the SEC and the FASB have the same goals of fairness,
accuracy, and understandability of financial accounting and
reporting. Both agenecys accomplish these goals in the best interest
of the overall public.
The differences between the SEC and the FASB is that the FASB
regulates financial reporting in the private sector of businesses (but
are subject to the rules and regulations of the SEC) and the SEC deals
with regulating the financial reporting of publicly held corporations.
I believe that the SEC has the greatest influence over financial
statements reporting because they have the final approval on all
changes of the rules and regulations. The Sec can also bring civil or
administrative enforcement actions against individuals and
companies in violation of the securities laws.
References
Financial Accounting Standards Board. (n.d.). Facts about FASB.
Retrieved July 15, 2010, from Financial Accounting Standards
Board:http://www.fasb.org/facts/index.shtml#mission
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. (2010, May 3). The
Investors Advocate: How the SEC Protects Investors, Maintains
Market Integrity, and Facilitates Capital Formation. Retrieved July 15,
2010, from U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission: http://www.sec.gov/about/whatwedo.shtml

Week 1 DQ 2
Due Thursday, Day 4
Search the Internet or the Online Library for information about the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act. A useful guide to some of these provisions is
located at http://www.soxlaw.com. Summarize at least two provisions
of the law, and discuss your interpretation of these provisions with
your classmates. Do you think this law will make financial statements
more reliable? Also, discuss how Sarbanes-Oxley establishes
boundaries to ensure ethical practices. What does the law allow or
prohibit, and why?
The Sarbanes-Oxley act has many provisions to give companies
guidelines for responsible, and ethical financial reporting. One of
those provisions is listed in Section 302 of the act. The provision is
that periodic statutory financial reports be certified that signing
officers have reviewed the reports, the report does not contain any
untrue, or misleading information. The financial statements fairly
present the financial condition. The signing officers are responsible
for internal controls. A list of all deficiencies in internal controls, and

a list of fraud involving employees, and anything that could
negatively affect the internal controls.
Another provision pertains to the "management assessment of
internal controls". This provision ensures that information is
published in annual reports regarding the adequacy of internal
controls, structure and procedures.
The Sarbanes-Oxley act is designed to help companies promote
ethical accounting procedures. The act gives guidelines as to how
financial statements are reported. The act requires verification that
officers within the company have checked the information in the
reports for accuracy and true. The act also requires that the
companies have internal controls in place to ensure ethical reporting
practices. The main thing that the Sarbanes-Oxley promotes is
transparency in reporting.
Response 2
Section 802 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Law defines the penalties that may
be assessed against individuals who failed to comply with the Act. An
individual could be subject to 20 years in jail for altering, destroying,
mutilating, concealing, falsifying records, documents or tangible
objects. Guilt is define by the intent to impede a legal investigation.
This part of the law gets to the heart of how Arthur Anderson reacted
by destroying documents important to Worldcom. The law further
defines that any accountant who knowingly violates their ethics by
wilfully violates the requirements of maintenance of all audit or
review papers. These papers are subject to review up to five years.

The second Section that I reviewed was the Section 302. This actually
is my favorite part of the law because it directly holds the officers and
directors accountable for the accuracy of reporting in their financial
statements. It defines that the management must review and
understand the financial statements and sign that they are true and
accurate. It also holds the management accountable for the internal
controls, requiring any deficiencies to be reported. In the past
directors of companies relied heavily on the internal officers,
management, to report the company performance without
questioning the accuracy or taking their role on oversight committees
seriously. They could hide behind a veil of trust of the key leaders.
This Section clearly puts the responsibility for the Board to remain
independent of the executives and function more effectively on the
respective oversight committees they serve. The example I would
share is what happened in WorldCom. The company leaders shared
what they wanted to with the Board, who trusted implicitly the top
leaders. Had they questioned their legal representation or auditors,
they potentially could have uncovered the fraud that was committed
by the creation of shell companies, with WorldCom employees as
stockholders.
I would love to think this law would protect the investing community.
Financial reporting has improved to some extent. Unfortunately the
scams still continue. Example would be Barney Madoff or what
happened in the financial mortgage industry. These unethical
practices were conducted after Sarbanes Oxley was implemented.
Madoff was able to provide false financial information to investors.
Financial industry was allowed to get to aggressive in underwriting
and product suite. Fines and penalties are deterrents. Ethics still
must be inherent in an individual and company. Laws and
requirements are a guide. There will never be enough auditors,

inspectors or oversight boards to catch all of the fraud in the
corporate community.
The law prohibits falsifying information, failing to notify of material
changes, and destruction of records.
-----------------------------------------------------------
FIN 370 Week 3 Team Assignment Precision Machines
Part 1 (annotated bibliography and excel calculation)
This Tutorial contains both annonated bibliography and excel file FIN
370 Week 3 Team Assignment Precision Machines Part 1 Precision
Machines is preparing a financial plan for the next six months to
determine the financial needs of the company. Lucent Technologies
Axia College of University of Phoenix

Lucent Technologies is a company based on networking for service
providers, government, and enterprises worldwide (Lucent
Technologies, n.d., Para 1). The products and services they work with
are separated into three categories; service and maintenance,
wireless mobility networking, and wire line networking. Lucent
Technologies is backed by Bell Labs, which does research and
development in networking technologies.
During the years of 2001 to 2003 this company has experienced a
decrease in demand because of other companies’ loss or capital used
toward spending. This is mainly due to a downturn in the economy.
As an investor this information is necessary to know because it
explains the decrease or increase in sections of the balance sheet. In
order to compare the growth or decline of the company’s profit, an
investor must change a balance sheet into a common-size balance
sheet. First when looking at the balance sheet an investor will see
that the amount of paid in capital has increased from the year of
2003 to 2004, the assets have increased, but the liabilities have
decreased. When running a debt/asset ratio it is noticed that this
ratio drops from 1.2 in 2003 to 1.0 in 2004. This shows the company’s
risk is low when concerning financial leverage, usually when the debt
ratio is less than one percent it is financed mainly by company equity,
so this company is close to being debt free from creditors.
After changing the balance sheet to a common-size balance sheet
there are several factors an investor will look at. The current assets
have dropped to .48 from .49 in 2004. This does not show harm to
the company because only the accounts receivable dropped while the
rest of the current assets increased. This means the company is not in
as much danger of default on money owed to it. It does have a rise in
marketable securities. The one concern in the assets is the increase of

prepaid cost of pensions and goodwill. Goodwill can be used for tax
breaks but prepaid pensions cannot benefit the company.
When looking at the liabilities section an investor will see a drop in
pension and liabilities and an increase in long term debt, both of
these could be affected because of the drop in the economy. Long
term liabilities are often increased to help a company control interest
rate increases so as an investor cutting back on pension liabilities cuts
back cost to the company and watching interest rate increase show
the company is concerned with its earning and investors. This would
be encouraging or an investor. The stockholders deficit shows a drop
in accumulated deficits from -1.43 to -1.22 and total deficits of -.26 to
-.08. This shows the company is working to control any money loss
and turning it to the company’s advantage. Overall it shows the
company is still earning a profit although small. With an increase of
assets and a drop in liabilities the company is showing it is working in
a low risk capital.
After reviewing this information, a creditor or investor must be able
to compare this company to the industry totals. By comparing how
this company compares to other companies similar to it, a person can
see if it is competitive and worth taking a risk. Running ratios will also
show if the company is capable of paying off any debts it has or if it
can acquire the needed cash in case of emergencies. Overall as an
investor, I would say this company would be worth investing in.

Reference
Axia College. (2007). Understanding Financial Statements. Retrieved
May 10, 2010 from Axia College, Week 2 Assignment, ACC/230.
-----------------------------------------------------------
FIN 370 Week 4 Cash Flow AnalysisFrank Smith
Plumbing (calculation and 2 Papers)
This tutorial includes both calculation and 2 Papers FIN 370 Week 4
Cash Flow Analysis Analyze the case study, “Frank Smith Plumbing.”
Analyze the “Frank Smith Plumbing’s Financial Statement”
spreadsheet
Differentiating Depreciation Methods
There is one main difference between straight line depreciation and
accelerated depreciation. Straight line is decided by taking the cost of
the assets, figuring out the salvage cost when the use of the asset is
finished and how many years of use the asset has. A person then
takes the cost minus salvage and divides the remainder by the
number of years of use. This amount is the depreciation expense
subtracted each year from the cost. The accelerated depreciation
does not have the same amount of deprecation subtracted each year.
It does have the cost minus salvage value to figure out the amount to

use but is then divided out differently. A person takes the sum of the
years of a product’s useful life, such as three years is 3 + 2 + 1 = 6,
then a person would divide the depreciation amount by 3/6 the first
year, 2/6 the second and finally 1/6 for the final year. So the amount
of depreciation expense is larger to smaller with accelerated and
equal amounts for straight line.
The advantages of straight line method are it is easier and faster to
figure. The advantage of accelerated method is it is more accurate
when figuring depreciation expense. The accelerated method has an
advantage and disadvantage concerning taxes. A company can use
the accelerated method to take advantage of bigger tax breaks at
the beginning of an assets life, but since this amount drops during the
lifespan if the company needs added tax breaks it will not receive
them from these assets in the future. With the straight line method
the amount of tax breaks are even through the life of the product.
Most companies choose this form of depreciation for reporting
purpose on taxes but will use the accelerated method to figure
taxable income.
As mentioned before the advantage of straight line depreciation is it
is easier to figure and uses the same total each year for deduction of
depreciation expense but the disadvantage is that if use for taxable
income and reporting a company does not get a bigger tax break at
the beginning of the assets life when they have just put out the cost
for the item and may need a bigger tax break.
-----------------------------------------------------------
FIN 370 Week 5 Team Assignment Precision Machines
Part 2 (Cash Budget and Strategic Analysis)

FIN 370 Week 5 Precision Machines Part 2 Note: There are two parts
to this learning team assignment; Part 1 was completed in Week 3.
Review the “Precision Machines” document and spreadsheet.
Preparing an Income Statement
Coyote, Inc. Company
Multi-Step Income Statement
200x 201x 202x
Net Sales 1,833,000$
Cost of Goods Sold 1,072,000
Gross Profit 761,000 - -
Selling and Administrative Expenses 454,000
Advertising
Depreciation and Amortization 14,000
Repairs and Maintenance
Operating Profit 293,000 - -
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Income 13,000
Interest Expense (16,000)
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes 290,000 - -
Income Taxes 116,000
Net Earnings 174,000$ -$ -$

The companies’ net income is profitable when the sales exceed the
cost of goods sold. In this, the gross profit is $761k. This is beneficial
to the company. Though we took the cost of goods away from the net
sales there are still other areas which need to take a piece of the pie.
For this company, once the SG&A and depreciation are taken out, the
company still contains a profit of $290k. But the buck does not stop
there. Once the interest income and interest expense are adjusted the
balance before earnings and taxes is $290k. After taxes are taken
out, the company is left with a net profit of $174k.
In this case I think the company has achieved success with a net profit
of $174k. If the company were unable to be profitable, the company
would eventually go out of business. We would be able to tell if the
company was not profitable by looking at each section individually.
The cost of goods sold is what stands out for me. If we pay more to
make the product then we are actually selling it for, there is no profit
to be made. So, I think it should all start there.

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