Animal Kingdom I (Nonchordates) ppt is for class XI students of CBSE syllabus.

2. 1. Arrangement of cells
2. Body Symmetry
3. Nature of Coelom
4. Patterns of Digestive
5. Circulatory System
6. Reproductive System

3. Cellular level of Organisation
Loose cell aggregates, eg. Sponges
Tissue level of Organisation
Eg. Coelenterates
Organ level of Organisation
Eg. Platyhelminthes
Organ System level of Organisation
Eg. Annelids, Arthropods, Molluscs,
Echinoderms, Chordates

4. BODY SYMMETRY
Asymmetrical
symmetry
(Body can not be
divided into two
equal halves)
e.g. Sponges
Radial symmetry
(Body divides the
organism into two
identical halves
through any plane)
Coelenterates
Bilateral
symmetry
(body can be
divided into
identical left and
right halves in only
one plane)
e.g . Human

5. Diploblastic animals
Two embryonic layers
Ectoderm and endoderm
e.g. Coelenterates
Triploblastic animals
Three embryonic layers
Ectoderm, mesoderm
and endoderm
e.g. Platyhelminthes to
Chordates

6. Coelom - The space between the body wall and
the gut wall is called coelom.
• True coelom present
• e.g. Annelids, to chordates
1. Coelomates
• Mesoderm present as scattered
pouches between ectoderm and
endoderm.
• e.g. Aschelminthes
2. Pseudo
coelomates
• Body cavity absent
• e.g. Platyhelminthes
3. Acoelomates

7. Notochord is a rigid rod-like structure formed
on the dorsal side during embryonic
development in some animals.
Animals
Chordates
(Notochord present)
Fishes to
Mammals
Non-chordates
(Notochord absent)
Porifera to
Echinoderms

8. NONCHORDATES
1.Porifera
2.Coelenterata
3.Ctenophora
4.Platyhelminthes
5.Aschelminthes
6.Annelida
7.Mollusca
8.Arthropoda
9.Echinodermata

9. Important Characteristics :-
1. Commonly called sponges
2. Multicellular cell aggregate animals.
3. Diploblastic and assymetric body.
4. They have perforated body by numerous pores and have
a water transport or canal system.
5. Water enters through minute pores (ostia) in the body
wall into a central cavity, spongocoel, from where it goes
out through the osculum.
6. Digestion is intracellular.
7. Sexes are not separate (hermaphrodite)

10. 8. Skeleton consists of spicules or
spongin fibres.
9. Asexual reproduction by
fragmentation
10. Sexual reproduction by
formation of gametes
11. Fertilisation is internal and
development is indirect
having a larval stage
Eg. Sycon, Spongilla, Leucosolenia

11. Important Characteristics :-
 Aquatic, mostly marine, sessile or free-
swimming.
 Diploblastic animal, radially symmetrical.
 Exhibit tissue level of organisation
 Cnidaria is derived from the cnidoblasts or
cnidocytes which contain nematocytes on
the tentacles and the body.
 Hydra lives in solitary while corals live in
colonies.
 They have a central gastro-vascular cavity
with a single opening, hypostome.
 Digestion is extracellular and intracellular.
2. PHYLUM CNIDARIA
(COELENTERATE)

12.  Cnidarians exhibit two basic body forms called
polyp and medusa.
 Polyp is a sessile and cylindrical form like Hydra,
Adamsia, etc.
 Medusa is umbrella-shaped and free-swimming like
Aurelia or jelly fish.
 Eg. Hydra, Obelia, Aurelia, Physalia etc.
Aurelia (Medusa) Adamsia (Polyp)

13.  Commonly called sea walnuts or comb
jellies.
 Exclusively marine, radially symmetrical,
diploblastic
 Tissue level of organisation.
 Eight external rows of ciliated comb
plates help in locomotion.
 Digestion is extracellular as well as
intracellular.
 Bioluminescence (emitting light) is well-
marked.
 Hermaphrodite and reproduction takes
place by sexual means.
 Fertilisation is external with indirect
development.
 e.g. Pleurobrachia and Ctenoplana.
Pleurobrachia

14.  Body dorsoventrally flattened.
 Bilateral symmetry, triploblstic and
acoelomate animals.
 Organ level of organisation.
 Mostly endoparasites found in animals
and human beings.
 Flame cells for osmoregulation and
excretion.
 Hermaphrodites, fertilisation internal and
development is through larval stages.
 Planaria possess high regeneration
capacity.
 e.g. Taenia solium, Fasciola, Planaria
Fasciola

15.  Body is cylindrical, bilaterally
symmetrical, triploblastic and
pseudocoelomate animals.
 May be freeliving, aquatic and
terrestrial or parasitic in plants and
animals.
 Alimentary canal is complete with
muscular pharynx.
 Dioecious, females are longer than
males.
 Fertilisation internal, development may
be direct or indirect.
 e.g. Ascaris (Round worm),
Ancylostoma
(hook worm), Wuchereria (Filarial
worm)
Ascaris

16.  Body is soft, elongated, cylindrical and externally
segmented.
 Bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, and coelomate
animals.
 Aquatic (fresh water or marine) or terrestrial, free-living /
parasitic.
 Organ-system level of body organisation
 Longitudinal and circular muscles help in locomotion.
 Nereis possess parapodia helps in swimming.
 Circulatory system is closed.
 Nephridia is for osmoregulation and excretion.
 Neural system consists of paired ganglia connected by
lateral nerves to a double ventral nerve cord.

17.  Nereis is dioecious, but
earthworms and leeches
are monoecious.
 Reproduction is sexual.
 e.g. Pheretima
(Earthworm), Hirudinaria
(Leech) and Nereis
Earthworm

18.  Arthopoda, the largest phylum of Animalia kingdom.
 Bilaterally symmetrical ,triploblastic, segmented and
coelomate animals.
 Organ-system level of organisation.
 Have jointed appendages and body covered by chitinous
exoskeleton.
 Body consists of Head, thorax and abdomen.
 Respiratory organs are gills, book gills, book lungs or
tracheal system.
 Circulatory system open type.

19.  Nervous system includes a
brain and ganglia.
 Sensory organs are antennae,
compound and simple eyes.
 Excretion by malpighian
tubules.
 Dioecious, oviparous,
fertilisation internal,
development may be direct or
indirect.
 e.g. Periplaneta (Cockroach),
Limulus (King crab), Prawn,
Insects, Scorpion
Prawn

20.  Molluscs, the second largest phylum of Animalia.
 Bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate.
 Organ-system level of organisation.
 Unsegmented body covered by a calcareous shell.
 Body has 3 parts: head, muscular foot and visceral
hump.

21.  Mantle secretes the hard
prtesctive shell.
 Radula - toothed
structure in mouth used
for feeding.
 Open circulatory system
 Dioecious, oviparous and
development is indirect.
 Examples: Pila,
Pinctada, Sepia,
Octopus etc.
Unio Sepia

22.  Exclusively marine forms.
 Adults are radially symmetrical while larvae are
bilaterally symmetrical.
 Triploblastic and coelomate animals.
 Organ-system level of organisation.
 They have endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles.
 Digestive system is complete.
 Water vascular system help in locomotion, capture and
transport of food and respiration.
 Excretory organ absent.
 Show very high power of regeneration.
 Sexes are separate, reproduction is sexual.

23.  Fertilisation external,
development is indirect.
 Examples: Asterias
(Star fish), Echinus
(Sea urchin), Antedon
(Sea lily), Cucumaria
(Sea cucumber) and
Ophiura (Brittle star).
Asterias
(Star fish)
Cucumaria
(Sea cucumber)