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Weak supervised learning - Kristina Khvatova

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Data Science Milan
Data Science Milan

Weakly Supervised Learning: Introduction and Best Practices In the talk we will introduce the definition of three main types of weakly supervised learning: incomplete, inexact and inaccurate; we examine how the models can be trained in case of weak supervision and view the real application of weakly supervised learning, how it can improve results and decrease the costs. Bio: Kristina Khvatova works as a Software Engineer at Softec S.p.A. Currently she is involved in the development of a project for data analysis and visualisation; it includes quantitative and qualitative analysis based on classification, optimisation, time series prediction, anomaly detection techniques. She obtained a master degree in Mathematics at the Saint-Petersburg State University and a master degree in Computer Science at the University of Milano-Bicocca.

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An introduction to weakly supervised learning. Best practices.
Kristina Khvatova Software Developer Softec S.p.A. Master in Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Saint-Petersburg State University Master in Computer Science and Data Analysis Milano-Bicocca University kristina.a.khvatova@gmail.com https://www.linkedin.com/in/kristina-khvatova-a529b21
Overview ➢ Introduction to weak supervision ➢ Three types of weakly supervised learning: ● incomplete ● inexact ● inaccurate ➢ Snorkel ➢ Brexit tweets classification with weak supervised learning
4  Problem Definition
5  Weak supervision Weak supervision is the technique of building models based on new generated data. Types: - incomplete - inexact - inaccurate
6  Incomplete weak supervision ● Active learning ● Semi - supervised learning
7 Active learning Incomplete weak supervision ● High accuracy ● Low costs
8 Active learning Incomplete weak supervision High costs for the project and high precision (90%) Decrease costs and precision of the project (70%) Cost of query labels is the same as in (b), but the precision is much more higher (90%) the same as (a)
9  Semi-supervised learning Incomplete weak supervision
1 0 Generative models Label propagation TSVM Semi-supervised learning Incomplete weak supervision
1 1 Inexact weak supervision
1 2 Inexact weak supervision “Is object localization for free? – Weakly-supervised learning with convolutional neural networks.” (CVPR2015)
1 3 Inaccurate weak supervision http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Ensemble_learning
1 4 Snorkel: The System for Programmatically Building and Managing Training Data Snorkel is a system for programmatically building and managing training datasets to rapidly and flexibly fuel machine learning models. ● Data Programming with DDLite: Putting Humans in a Different Part of the Loop (June 2016) ● Conversational agents at IBM: Bootstrapping Conversational Agents With Weak Supervision (AAAI 2019) ● Web content & event classification at Google: Snorkel DryBell: A Case Study in Deploying Weak Supervision at Industrial Scale (SIGMOD Industry 2019), and Google AI blog post ● Business intelligence at Intel: Osprey: Non-Programmer Weak Supervision of Imbalanced Extraction Problems (SIGMOD DEEM 2019) ● Anti-semitic tweet classification w/ Snorkel + transfer learning. ● Clinical text classification: A clinical text classification paradigm using weak supervision and deep representation (BMC MIDM 2019) ● Social media text mining: Deep Text Mining of Instagram Data without Strong Supervision (ICWI 2018) ● Cardiac MRI classification with Stanford Medicine: Weakly supervised classification of rare aortic valve malformations using unlabeled cardiac MRI sequences (BioArxiv 2018) ● Medical image triaging at Stanford Radiology: Cross-Modal Data Programming for Medical Images (NeurIPS ML4H 2017) ● GWAS KBC with Stanford Genomics: A Machine-Compiled Database of Genome-Wide Association Studies (NeurIPS ML4H 2016)
1 5 Weak Supervision Formulation A high-level schematic of the basic weak supervision “pipeline”: We start with one or more weak supervision sources: crowdsourced data, heuristic rules, distant supervision, and/or weak classifiers provided by a subject matter expert. The core technical challenge is to unify and model these sources. Then, this must be used to train the end model. https://dawn.cs.stanford.edu/2017/07/16/weak-supervision/
1 6 Snorkel: data programming “Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and his wife Ho Ching leave a polling station after casting their votes in Singapore” (NYTimes.com) “Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and his wife Ho Ching leave a polling station after casting their votes in Singapore” (NYTimes.com)
1 7 Demo: Step-By-Step Guide for Building a Brexit Tweet Classifier https://github.com/HazyResearch/snorkel https://github.com/HazyResearch/metal
1 8 Demo: Step-By-Step Guide for Building a Brexit Tweet Classifier ➔ Collecting unlabeled data: 3184 (tweets that contain #Brexit) ➔ Label 500 examples: 250 - ‘leave’, 250 - ‘stay’ ➔ Create 5 LFs, apply on 2684 unlabeled tweets. “Predicting Brexit:Classifying Agreement is Better than Sentiment and Pollsters”
1 9 Demo: Step-By-Step Guide for Building a Brexit Tweet Classifier Safer In #EU? No! No! No! Terrorists want the UK to STAY Remember 7/7 Paris #EUreferendum #VoteLeave #Liverpool have broke the #Spanish dominance in Europe... #English #football says Yes We Belong in #Europe! #Stay #strongerin Tweet Label functions “Predicting Brexit:Classifying Agreement is Better than Sentiment and Pollsters” @StrongerIn so if we stay in eu that means we get more zero hours contracts and employers can say 'we dont need to now, fuck off' 󾓪 #TakeControl #VoteLeave
2 0 Result: Brexit Tweet Classifier Tweet Classifier on 500 labeled examples Tweet Classifier with Snorkel LR ACCURACY: 0.52 LR ACCURACY: 0.78
Summary ➢ Weak supervision ■ incomplete ■ inexact ■ inaccurate ➢ Snorkel and Snorkel metal ➢ Demo application: Brexit Tweet Classifier

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Weak supervised learning - Kristina Khvatova

  • 1. An introduction to weakly supervised learning. Best practices.
  • 2. Kristina Khvatova Software Developer Softec S.p.A. Master in Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Saint-Petersburg State University Master in Computer Science and Data Analysis Milano-Bicocca University kristina.a.khvatova@gmail.com https://www.linkedin.com/in/kristina-khvatova-a529b21
  • 3. Overview ➢ Introduction to weak supervision ➢ Three types of weakly supervised learning: ● incomplete ● inexact ● inaccurate ➢ Snorkel ➢ Brexit tweets classification with weak supervised learning
  • 5. 5  Weak supervision Weak supervision is the technique of building models based on new generated data. Types: - incomplete - inexact - inaccurate
  • 6. 6  Incomplete weak supervision ● Active learning ● Semi - supervised learning
  • 7. 7 Active learning Incomplete weak supervision ● High accuracy ● Low costs
  • 8. 8 Active learning Incomplete weak supervision High costs for the project and high precision (90%) Decrease costs and precision of the project (70%) Cost of query labels is the same as in (b), but the precision is much more higher (90%) the same as (a)
  • 10. 1 0 Generative models Label propagation TSVM Semi-supervised learning Incomplete weak supervision
  • 12. 1 2 Inexact weak supervision “Is object localization for free? – Weakly-supervised learning with convolutional neural networks.” (CVPR2015)
  • 14. 1 4 Snorkel: The System for Programmatically Building and Managing Training Data Snorkel is a system for programmatically building and managing training datasets to rapidly and flexibly fuel machine learning models. ● Data Programming with DDLite: Putting Humans in a Different Part of the Loop (June 2016) ● Conversational agents at IBM: Bootstrapping Conversational Agents With Weak Supervision (AAAI 2019) ● Web content & event classification at Google: Snorkel DryBell: A Case Study in Deploying Weak Supervision at Industrial Scale (SIGMOD Industry 2019), and Google AI blog post ● Business intelligence at Intel: Osprey: Non-Programmer Weak Supervision of Imbalanced Extraction Problems (SIGMOD DEEM 2019) ● Anti-semitic tweet classification w/ Snorkel + transfer learning. ● Clinical text classification: A clinical text classification paradigm using weak supervision and deep representation (BMC MIDM 2019) ● Social media text mining: Deep Text Mining of Instagram Data without Strong Supervision (ICWI 2018) ● Cardiac MRI classification with Stanford Medicine: Weakly supervised classification of rare aortic valve malformations using unlabeled cardiac MRI sequences (BioArxiv 2018) ● Medical image triaging at Stanford Radiology: Cross-Modal Data Programming for Medical Images (NeurIPS ML4H 2017) ● GWAS KBC with Stanford Genomics: A Machine-Compiled Database of Genome-Wide Association Studies (NeurIPS ML4H 2016)
  • 15. 1 5 Weak Supervision Formulation A high-level schematic of the basic weak supervision “pipeline”: We start with one or more weak supervision sources: crowdsourced data, heuristic rules, distant supervision, and/or weak classifiers provided by a subject matter expert. The core technical challenge is to unify and model these sources. Then, this must be used to train the end model. https://dawn.cs.stanford.edu/2017/07/16/weak-supervision/
  • 16. 1 6 Snorkel: data programming “Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and his wife Ho Ching leave a polling station after casting their votes in Singapore” (NYTimes.com) “Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and his wife Ho Ching leave a polling station after casting their votes in Singapore” (NYTimes.com)
  • 17. 1 7 Demo: Step-By-Step Guide for Building a Brexit Tweet Classifier https://github.com/HazyResearch/snorkel https://github.com/HazyResearch/metal
  • 18. 1 8 Demo: Step-By-Step Guide for Building a Brexit Tweet Classifier ➔ Collecting unlabeled data: 3184 (tweets that contain #Brexit) ➔ Label 500 examples: 250 - ‘leave’, 250 - ‘stay’ ➔ Create 5 LFs, apply on 2684 unlabeled tweets. “Predicting Brexit:Classifying Agreement is Better than Sentiment and Pollsters”
  • 19. 1 9 Demo: Step-By-Step Guide for Building a Brexit Tweet Classifier Safer In #EU? No! No! No! Terrorists want the UK to STAY Remember 7/7 Paris #EUreferendum #VoteLeave #Liverpool have broke the #Spanish dominance in Europe... #English #football says Yes We Belong in #Europe! #Stay #strongerin Tweet Label functions “Predicting Brexit:Classifying Agreement is Better than Sentiment and Pollsters” @StrongerIn so if we stay in eu that means we get more zero hours contracts and employers can say 'we dont need to now, fuck off' 󾓪 #TakeControl #VoteLeave
  • 20. 2 0 Result: Brexit Tweet Classifier Tweet Classifier on 500 labeled examples Tweet Classifier with Snorkel LR ACCURACY: 0.52 LR ACCURACY: 0.78
  • 21. Summary ➢ Weak supervision ■ incomplete ■ inexact ■ inaccurate ➢ Snorkel and Snorkel metal ➢ Demo application: Brexit Tweet Classifier