Php in the graph (Gremlin 3)
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Graph databases come with enhanced connectivity of data and whiteboard friendly paradigm. It requires learning a new Graph Traversal Language, that crawls the network and brings informations. It's indeed a fresh new look at how we store web of data and search for it. We'll meet gremlin, from Apache TinkerPop, which provides an abstract layer that make it easy to express your business logic without fighting with the code, and several Open Source graph databases, available for testing and toying.
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Php in the graph (Gremlin 3)
- 1. PHP in the graph Fosdem 2017, Brussels, Belgique
- 2. Agenda Discover the Graph Steps with a gremlin Gremlin and PHP
- 3. Damien Seguy CTO at Exakat Static analysis for PHP PHP code as Dataset Speaker
- 6. What is gremlin? Domain specific language for graphs It is a programming language to traverse a graph It is open source, vendor-agnostic
- 7. Simple traversal V :Vertices, or nodes or objects E : Edges, or links or relations G : graph, or the dataset
- 8. The Vertices g represents the graph or the gremlin v()represents all the vertices g.V(1) is one of the vertice Vertices always have an id g.V(1) => v(1) 1
- 9. g.V(1) => v(1) g.V(1).values('name') => apply_filter g.V(1).values('leaf') => true g.V(1).values('compat') => ['7.0', '7.1'] g.V(1).id() => 1 // non-existing properties g.V(1).values('isFedAfterMidnight') => null Properties Graph is schemaless apply_filter
- 10. Vertice discovery Use valueMap to discover the graph Except id and label g.V(2).valueMap() => {name=wp_die, leaf=tru g.V(2).valueMap('name') => {name=wp_die} wp_die
- 11. The Edges g.E() represents all the edges g.E(1) is the edge with id 1 Edges have id, properties also : start, end and label CALLS
- 12. g.E(1) => e(1) g.E(1).label() => 'CALLS' g.E(1).id() => 1 g.E(1).values('count') => 3 g.E(1).valueMap() => {count=3} Edge discovery wp_diewp_ajax_fetch _list CALLS Edges link the vertices
- 13. g.E(5).outV() => v(2) g.E(6).outV() => v(3) g.E(7).inV() => v(4) Exiting the Edges 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 Directed graph
- 14. g.V(1).out() => v(2) v(3) g.V(1).in() => v(4) g.V(1).both() => v(2) v(3) v(4) Following Edges 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 g.V(1).inE() => e(7)
- 15. g.V(1).out().id() => 2 3 g.V(2).in().in().id() => 4 Chaining 2 3 4 1 5 6 7
- 16. Wordpress Calls Graph The graph of all Wordpress internal function calls function :name function :name CALLS
- 18. g.V(19).out('CALLS').values('name') => wp_hash_password wp_cache_delete g.V(19).in('CALLS').values('name') => reset_password wp_check_password Who's calling ? wp_set_ password reset_ password wp_hash_ password wp_check_ password wp_cache_ delete CALLS CALLS CALLS CALLS
- 19. Is it Recursive? get_permalink get_category_ link get_category_ parents id : 30 CALLS CALLS CALLS
- 20. g.V(30).as('myself') .out(‘CALLS’) .retain('myself') .values('name') => get_category_parents Is it Recursive? get_permalink get_category_ link get_category_ parents id : 30 CALLS CALLS CALLS
- 21. Is it Recursive? g.v(30).as('myself') .in(‘CALLS’) .retain('myself') .values('name') => get_category_parents get_permalink get_category_ link get_category_ parents id : 30 CALLS CALLS CALLS
- 22. g.V(47).as('myself') .out(‘CALLS’).except('myself') .out('CALLS').retain('myself') .values('name') => wp_trash_comment wp_delete_comment Ping-Pong Functions CALLS wp_trash _comment id: 47 wp_delete _comment id : 148 CALLS
- 26. Up to now nodes and vertices : basic blocs in and out (and both) : navigation except(), retain(), in(‘label’) : filtering Loops with repeat() Starting at the vertices
- 27. Traversing the graph 1 2 3 4 6 5 7
- 28. Filtering on edges g.V().out('CALL') => v(25); g.V().out('CALL', 'CALLED', 'XXX') => v(25); wp_set_ password reset_ password wp_hash_ password wp_check_ password wp_cache_ delete CALLS CALLS CALLS CALLS
- 29. Filtering on vertices g.V().has('name') g.V().has('name','wp_die') g.V().has('name', neq('wp_die')) g.V().has('name', within('wp_die', 'wp_header')) g.V().has('name', without('wp_die', 'wp_header')) wp_die
- 30. g.V().out('CALLS') .has('name','wp_die') .values('name') => Dying Functions ???? wp_dieCALLS PROCESSING wp_die wp_die wp_die wp_die wp_die wp_die wp_die wp_die wp_die
- 32. Dying Functions g.V().out('CALLS') .has('name','wp_die') .count() => 84 ???? wp_dieCALLS PROCESSING PROCESSING g.V().has('name','wp_die') .in('CALLS') .count() => 84
- 33. Dying Functions g.V().out('CALLS') .has('name','wp_die') .dedup() .count() => 1 ???? wp_dieCALLS PROCESSING PROCESSING g.V().has('name','wp_die') .in('CALLS') .dedup() .count() => 84
- 34. Sampling g.V().limit(2).count() => 2 g.V().range(2,5).count() => 3 g.V().tail(4).count() => 4 g.V().coin(0.01).count() => 44 g.V().count() => 4373 g.E().count() => 55457 wp_parse_args 2 wp_get_object _terms 3 wp_terms_ checklist 4 count() g.V() wp_terms_ checklist 4
- 35. g.V().as('start') .out('CALLS') .has('name','wp_die') .select('start') .by('name') => wp_ajax_trash_post wp_ajax_delete_post wp_ajax_delete_meta wp_ajax_delete_link wp_ajax_delete_tag wp_ajax_delete_comment wp_ajax_oembed_cache wp_ajax_imgedit_preview wp_ajax_fetch_list Dying Functions ???? wp_dieCALLS PROCESSING
- 36. Naming nodes esc_html g.V() _e CALLS CALLS ???? has(‘name’) CALLS as () : gives a name select() : select a node by() : options of display
- 37. Filtering on vertices //Functions that call wp_die and esc_html g.V().has('name','wp_die') .in('CALLS') .as('results') .out('CALLS') .has('name', 'esc_html') .select('results') ???? wp_die esc_html CALLS CALLS CALLS ???? CALLS
- 38. Filtering on vertices //Functions that call wp_die and esc_html g.V().where( .out('CALLS') .has('name','wp_die') ) .as('results') .out('CALLS') .has('name', 'esc_html') .select('results') ???? wp_die esc_html CALLS CALLS CALLS ???? CALLS
- 39. Filtering on vertices //Functions that call wp_die and esc_html g.V().where( .out('CALLS') .has('name','wp_die') ) .where( __.out('CALLS') .has('name', 'esc_html') ) ???? wp_die esc_html CALLS CALLS CALLS ???? CALLS
- 40. Filtering on vertices //Functions that call wp_die and esc_html g.V().where( .out('CALLS') .has('name','wp_die') ) .where( __.out('CALLS') .has('name', 'esc_html') .count().is(neq(0)) ) ???? wp_die esc_html CALLS CALLS CALLS ???? CALLS
- 42. Advanced
- 43. Applied to properties Non standard functions g.V().filter{ it.get().value('name') != it.get().value('name').toLowerCase() } .count() => 73
- 44. Closures Steps often offer possibility for closure Closure is between {} , uses ‘it.get()’ as current node, is written in Groovy Closure should be replaces by step, unless there is a need for a special manipulation
- 46. Gremlin and PHP
- 47. Gremlin For PHP https://github.com/PommeVerte/gremlin-php Using with Neo4j : REST API Older API : neo4jPHP, rexpro-php No Gremlin implementation in PHP (yet?)
- 51. Gremlin Server Console bin/gremlin-server.sh conf/gremlin-server- modern.yaml :install org.apache.tinkerpop neo4j-gremlin 3.2.3-incubating
- 53. Leaf and Roots LEAF ROOT g.V().where( out('CALLS') ) .count() => 407 g.V().where( __.in('CALLS').count().is(eq(0)) ) .count() => 1304