Cullen Jennings’s Presentation at eComm 2009

NATs Good, Bad, and Complicated How your ISP plans to "Help” you, and break the Internet Cullen Jennings <fluffy@cisco.com>

IPv4 Completion ,[object Object],[object Object],World as we know it ends Real Soon Now

What NATs do: 10,000 Foot View ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Outside Inside

Carrier Grade NAT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Problem Cullen cisco.com skype.com Jonathan SIP RTP INVITE INVITE INVITE RTP

Hole Punching ,[object Object],[object Object],Echo Server N Peer 1) What’s my address? 2) You are at N:100 3) Send to N:100 4) Data

Media Relay ,[object Object],[object Object],Relay Server N Peer 1) Give me a port 2) You can use R:100 3) Send to R:100 4) Data R

The Latency Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tokyo Tokyo Taipei 45 ms 45 ms 20 ms Taipei 150 ms Amsterdam San Jose 140 ms 280 ms RELAY A B RELAY A B

ICE Relay Server N Peer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2) Try all of P:100, N:200, R:300 3) Check connectivity R P Echo Server 3) Check connectivity

Carrier Grade NAT “Features” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

AJAX ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

IPv4 Completion [Graphs as of Nov 2008 from www.potaroo.net]

Example Large ISP Address Usage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cullen Jennings’s Presentation at eComm 2009

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Cullen Jennings’s Presentation at eComm 2009