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UN-FCCC Bonn meeting June 2009 Peatlands, carbon and climate change [email_address]
Countries with most peat ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Yakutia, Russian Federation
...to the tropics…  Berbak National Park, Indonesia
[object Object],Kyrgystan
[object Object],NWT, Canada
[object Object],Sichuan, China
[object Object],Kyrgystan Ruaha River Tanzania
Archangelsk, RF ,[object Object]
[object Object],Tierra del Fuego Argentina
But peatlands are overlooked… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mineral Soil Peat:  Organic matter accumulated over thousands of years, storing concentrated carbon in thick layers Peat dome What are peatlands? River  River   < 1m > 3m Tropical peat swamp forest Organic carbon The peat bog is rain water fed
[object Object],Flow Country, Scotland
Peat, carbon and climate change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Peatlands store large amounts of carbon Peatland degradation leads to GHG emissions which contribute to  global warming
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In longer-term peatlands are climate cooling
Kalimantan, Indonesia Drainage: emissions of up to 100 t CO 2 -eq ha -1  y -1 … that continue for many decades
Hotspots of CO 2  emissions from drained peat   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SE Asian peatland emissions disproportionately high ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Indonesia Malaysia Russia N America SE Asia
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tropical peat forest deforestation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Logging and drainage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conversion SE Asian peat forest areas A total of about 13 million ha of  SE Asian peat swamps have been drained for agriculture and plantations
On the issue of continued emissions Conversion of peatswamp rainforest  to oil palm plantation carbon store (t C ha -1 ) years after conversion 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 10 20 30 40 50 loss: > 430 tC/ha loss: > 130 tC/ha
Peat drainage increases the risk of fires ,[object Object],[object Object],Adapted from data provided by Siegert and Page
Rewetting   CO 2   N 2 O  CH 4
What if current ignorance continues No incentive mechanism to address 2-3 GT CO 2 -eq emissions No incentive to deal with almost half of LULUCF
Peat in REDD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
REDD for peat forests recommendations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bio-rights
Rapid action needed or 2020…?

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Peatlands, carbon and climate change

  • 1. UN-FCCC Bonn meeting June 2009 Peatlands, carbon and climate change [email_address]
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. ...to the tropics… Berbak National Park, Indonesia
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. Mineral Soil Peat: Organic matter accumulated over thousands of years, storing concentrated carbon in thick layers Peat dome What are peatlands? River River < 1m > 3m Tropical peat swamp forest Organic carbon The peat bog is rain water fed
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Kalimantan, Indonesia Drainage: emissions of up to 100 t CO 2 -eq ha -1 y -1 … that continue for many decades
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22. Conversion SE Asian peat forest areas A total of about 13 million ha of SE Asian peat swamps have been drained for agriculture and plantations
  • 23. On the issue of continued emissions Conversion of peatswamp rainforest to oil palm plantation carbon store (t C ha -1 ) years after conversion 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 10 20 30 40 50 loss: > 430 tC/ha loss: > 130 tC/ha
  • 24.
  • 25. Rewetting CO 2 N 2 O CH 4
  • 26. What if current ignorance continues No incentive mechanism to address 2-3 GT CO 2 -eq emissions No incentive to deal with almost half of LULUCF
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29. Rapid action needed or 2020…?

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. im Folgenden will ich am konkreten Beispiel die Herangehensweise zeigen
  2. im Folgenden will ich am konkreten Beispiel die Herangehensweise zeigen
  3. This picture shows the location of a peat dome in the flood plain in between two lowland rivers. A substantial part of the peat dome is located above river water surface. These forms of peatlands are called bogs, they are oligotrophic (poor in nutrients) and rain water fed. The peat lies like a gigantic drop a water on the lowland plain, held together by the dead organic material and protected by a blanket of living forest that maintains a humid micro-climate and prevents direct solar impact.
  4. First click: Some relatively minor emissions are derived from peatlands in arctic and sub-arctic zones Second click: More substantial emissions are derived from peatlands in the temperate zones and tropical zones of the Americas Third click: The most substantial emissions, covering over 70% of global peat-based emissions are from SE Asia.
  5. Most concentrated land-use related CO2 emissions in the world Greater