11. Biological classification
2. Place organisms in groups that have a real biological meaning
Artificial classification
• Superficial
• Uses only one or few characteristics
Natural classification
• Uses all or most characteristics
• Shows evolutionary relationships
12. Branches that deal with
classification
• Taxonomy
• Phylogeny
• Evolutionary history of a species
/ group of species
• Systematics
• Taxonomy + Phylogenetics
• Study of biodiversity in context
of evolutionary history
13. Taxonomy
• Branch that deals with identification, classification, and
naming or organisms
• Sorts species into broader taxonomic categories. Sorts species
into closely related organisms
• Ex: Varanus mabitang, V. mabitang, Varanus sp., Varanus spp.
14.
15. • Aristotle – air, land, and water dwellers
• Theophrastus – herbs, shrubs, trees
• John Ray – “species”
• Species – a group of structurally-similar organisms that pass on
these similarities to their offspring
• Genus- group of close-related species
• Latin
• Carolus Linnaeus = father of modern taxonomy
18. Binomial System of Classification
1. Genus Species
2. Genusspecies
3. Genus species
4. Genuz species
5. Genus species
6. Genus species
7. Genus species
8. Genus Species
9. Genus Species
10. Genus species
19. Schemes of Biological Classification
• Structural information
• Cytological information
• Embryological information
• Behavioral information
• Biochemical organization
• Evolutionary relationships