Opportunities in the Hungarian Wind Energy Market

Opportunities in the Hungarian Wind Energy Market
Opportunities in the Hungarian Wind Energy Market Levente Csók, HWEA Board Member Dr. Andrea Biróné Kircsi, HWEA President Dr. Péter Tóth, HWEA Honorary President
Topics Potential of wind energy in Hungary Facts and figures Legal framework, support scheme Regulatory issues, energy storage, R&D Outlook 2020
Why Wind? Globally increasing energy demand Carbon neutral energy production– Part of the battle against climate change! Quick deployment and relatively low investment needs among other types of power plants, Mature technology, low technology risk Increases the diversification of the energy production and thus the energy security, Beneficial social-economical impacts: increasing of direct and indirect employment. (EWEA, 2009 – Wind at Work)
Global Technical Potential of Renewables (EJ/yr) 5 IPCC, 2011: Summary for Policymakers. In: IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation [O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs‐Madruga, Y. Sokona, K. Seyboth, P. Matschoss, S. Kadner, T. Zwickel, P. Eickemeier, G. Hansen, S. Schlömer, C. von Stechow (eds)], Cambridge University Press. Figure SPM.XX
Global Wind Speed Map at 80m (5km resolution) 6
Wantuchné Dobi I. et al., 2005 Wantuchné Dobi Ildikó, Konkolyné Bihari Zita, Szentimrey Tamás, Szépszó Gabriella,2005: Széltérképek Magyarországról "Szélenergia Magyarországon" 2005.01.19, Gödöllő (11-16) Average Wind Speed Map at 100m in Hungary 7
Wind Energy Map at 75m in Hungary (W/m2) Wantuchné Dobi I. et al., 2005 Országos potenciális energia 75 méteren: 204PJ/év Dr. Hunyár Mátyás MMT előadás 2005.10.13 OMSZ 8
Wind Energy Potential in Hungary Theoretical potential: 532.8 PJ/yr Source: Hungarian Scientific Academy, Energy Committee, Renewable Energy Subcommittee, 2006. Wind energy potential: H=75m, D=75m, E=56.85TWh (204.7 PJ/yr.)  Paverage=6,489 MW 9
Global Cumulative Installed Wind Capacity 1996-2013 11 Source: GWEC, 2014
Global Annual Installed Wind Capacity 1996-2013 12 Source: GWEC, 2014
Annual Installed Capacity by Region 2005-2013 13 Source: GWEC, 2014
Top 10 Cumulative and New Installed Capacity in 2013 14 Forrás: GWEC, 2013
Wind Energy Utilization in EU Europe has lost its leadership Between 2010-2011 due to the financial crisis there was a drop in the newly installed wind capacity. 15 Forrás EWEA, 2014
Wind Energy Utilization in EU Total installed wind capacity at the end of 2013 was 117.3 GW. The onshore installations were significant in Germany and Spain the offshore ones in the UK. Growth stopped in France and Italy. In a normal windy year the wind turbines installed until 2013 in EU are producing 8% of the gross energy consumption. 16 EWEA, 2014
Cumulative Wind Power Installations and Share in EU 17 EWEA, 2014
Annual Wind Power Installations in EU (GW) In 2013 in EU were built 11 GW wind turbines, out of them 1,567 MW offshore. 18 EWEA, 2014
Annual Onshore and Offshore Installations (MW) EWEA, 2014
EU28 States Market Share for New Capacity Installed During 2013 20 EWEA, 2014
Net Electricity Generating Installations in the EU 2000- 2013 (GW) 24 EWEA, 2014
Wind Power Share of Total Electricity in EU and in Member States in 2012 EWEA, 2013
Annual Installed Wind Capacity in Hungary (MW) 26 MSZET, 2012
Geographical Distribution of Wind Turbines 27 # of Turbines: 172 Capacity: 329.325 MW MSZET, 2011
Share of WTG Manufacturers on the Hungarian Market in 2011 28 MSZET, 2011
Annual Wind Energy Production (GWh) 29 MSZET, 2013 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 GWh MW Összes telepített [MW] Évente telepített [MW] Évente termelt villamos energia [GWh]
National Renewable Action Plan (NREAP) 2020 For 2020 the European Union set the objective to achieve 20% of renewable energy in the total energy consumption; 20% energy efficiency increase and 20% reduction in greenhouse gases compared to 1990. In line with EU Directive 2009/28/EC Hungarian Government has approved the National Renewable Utilization Action Plan in 2010. In the NREAP Hungary undertook that 14,65% of its overall energy consumption will be produced by RES. NREAP foresees 750 MW inbuilt wind capacity and an annual electricity generation of 1,545 GWh within 2020.
Licensing of Small Power Plants The construction of energy generation facilities is subject to a number of construction and planning regulations, which must be complied with in order to obtain the necessary permits. The relevant permits are among others: Environmental permit; Building permit; Approved grid connection plan; Combined small power plant license.
Capacity Distribution Tender Procedure Pursuant to the Act LXXXVI of 2007 on electric energy (“EA”) anybody is entitled to set up new generation capacity at its own business risk. However, with regard to the governance and secure operation of the electricity system the EA limits the inbuilt capacity of wind turbines and wind farms as weather-related generation units. In light of the limited technical means new wind generation capacities may be installed by way of capacity distribution tender proceedings.
Feed-In Tariff System The EA expressly endorses the use of renewable sources as energy source for power generation. To support these goals there is a feed-in tariff system („KÁT”) for electricity generated from renewable sources, whose comprehensive revision and re- regulation is currently in process. The new support scheme, the so-called „METÁR” system is likely to enter into force next years and a common 10- 15 years feed-in obligation period and kWh prices defined by laws is expected.
Price Risks of Different Support Schemes 37 RES Integration Project, 2012
Feed-In Tariff Prices for Electricity Produced by Wind Turbines 38 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 HUF/kWhwithoutVAT Feed-in tariff produced RES-E by wind (licence before 1st January 2008 from HEO) All period Feed-in tariff produced RES-E by wind(licence after 1st January 2008 from HEO) Peak period Feed-in tariff produced RES-E by wind (licence after 1st January 2008 from HEO) Valley period Feed-in tariff produced RES-E by wind (licence after 1st January 2008 from HEO) Deep valley period MEH alapján, 2013
System Load in a Typical Day
Wind Production in a Typical Day
Energy Balancing There is an increasing demand to compensate the gap in the power system Lack of sufficient internal reserves There is need for extra resources: Buying reserves through interconnects (market coupling) Regulating the production of wind turbines Using energy storage 43
Hungarian Power System
Energy Storage Increasing need to store surplus electricity and deliver it on demand when shortage Large-scale energy storage technologies Pumped hydropower Hydrogen Geological Batteries (NaS, Li, VRB) 45
Pumped Hydroelectric Storage During electricity surplus water is pumped up in the upper storage During increased demand water falls and generates electricity 46
Hydrogen Surplus electricity converts water into hydrogen (and oxygen) through electrolysis Hydrogen is used as a fuel in special fuel cells 47
Batteries Surplus electricity is converted to DC voltage which charges batteries Inverters are converting DC voltage into AC voltage 48
Wind Industry, Even With Energy Storage Costs, Is Sustainable Researchers from Stanford look at the energetic cost of energy storage technologies for the electrical grid, They concluded that you could create a sustainable energy system that grows and maintains itself by combining wind and storage together (the faster you grow, the more energy you need to build new turbines and batteries). Source: http://dailyfusion.net/2014/03/wind-industry-energetically-sustainable-27447/ 49
Green Energy Project „Green Energy” – Cooperation of the higher education sector for the development of green economy in the area of energetics International innovation and research collaborations 50
Green Energy Project – Research Areas of the Knowledge Centre 51 Knowledge Centre NUCLEAR technologies WIND technologies BIOMASS to ENERGY technologies HYDROGEN technologies 2nd and 3rd generation fuel production based on biotechnology" Development of Green Economy Green and environmental protection technology GEOTHERMAL technologies WASTE TO ENERGY technologies SOLAR technologies
Green Energy Project – R&D Fields for Wind Technologies The project has identified several fields for R&D in wind technologies: Decentralized power production Combined power plants: wind+PV Small wind turbines Generators Energy storage We still need international partners (consultants, manufacturers, R&D Centers) 52
Wind Power Barometer – EUROBSERV’ER – 2013. febr Comparison of the Current Trend Against the NREAP Roadmaps of the EU27 Countries (GW)
Average MW That Need to Be Installed Yearly in Order to Achieve 2020 Targets EWEA, 2011 Hungary set a goal of 750MW until 2020. - There is need to build yearly 60-90 MW in order to achieve the goal.
Government Decree No. 1002/2011 Sets Clear RES-E Target 56
Expected and Realized Wind Capacity and RES-E Production in NREAP Until 2020 in Hungary 57 692 692 929 1150 1303 1377 1404 1450 1483 1504 1545 4 5 10 39 107 205 289 508 625 768 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Expectedandrelizedelectricityfromwind[GWh} Expectedandrealizedwindcapacity[MW] Expected wind capacity in NREAP until 2020 MW Realized wind capacity MW Expected RES-E production from wind in NREAP until 2020 GWh Realized RES-E production from wind GWh
Actual and Planned Sites for Wind Parks Ready for Capacity Tender 58 MSZET, 2011
Thank you for your attention! Contact details: E: levente.csok@gmail.com M: +36-30-2323093 59
See You on the Next Conference! 60

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