2. V-ing
✦
Gerunds
✦
Participles
✦
Participial adjectives
✦
And other usages
3. Gerunds
✴Subject in a sentence
✴Learning English is necessary for
your future.
✴Eating junk food is bad for your
health.
4. Gerunds
✴Object of a preposition
✴Thank you for returning my call.
✴Can you touch your toes without
bending your knees?
✴Jill finds pleasure in reading
books.
5. Gerunds
✴Object of a verb
✴We do not allow smoking in the
room.
✴Jane misses living in the country.
✴Jack didn’t recall telling Jill the
news.
6. Participles
✴Progressive form
✴Verb to be + V-ing
✴The whole family is watching the
singing competition in the living
room.
7. Adjectives
✴ Describe a noun
✴ Werewolves are frightening fictional
creatures. [= werewolves frighten
people.]
✴ The plot of her new novel is
fascinating. [=the plot fascinates
readers.]
8. Other Usages
✦
Use V-ing after these
words
✦
Time linkers
✦
Go
✦
Possessive adjectives
✦
There is no ...
9. Time Linkers
✴Before, after, while, when, if, unless
✴Before going to bed, be sure to
brush your teeth.
✴While driving a car, it’s wise not
to talk on the phone.
10. Go
✴Use V-ing after Go
✴I go shopping every other day.
✴Let’s go fishing this weekend.
✴Jack loves to go hiking. [or Jack
loves going hiking.]
11. Possessive Adjectives
✴Use V-ing after my, your, our, his,
her, its
✴Liz cannot accept his telling lies.
✴Paul’s drinking cost him his job.
✴Jill’s expertise is her cooking.
12. There
✴Use V-ing after ‘There is no ...’
✴There is no denying that studying
in higher degrees can be tough.
✴There is no telling what they will
do.
