1. Evolution in a Nutshell
Key Terms
And
Concepts

2. Darwin vs. Lamarck
• Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution = traits are
acquired through habit/experience
• Darwin’s Theory of Evolution = descent with
modification due to Natural Selection – those
organisms with beneficial traits survive,
reproduce and pass on trait.
• Both Theories = common ancestors.

4. Evidence for Common Ancestors
• Embryology – development of embryo reflects
ancestors. Ex. Human embryo has gills, ancestor
was fish.
• Macromolecules – the more similar the more
closely related. Must have similar genes/DNA.
• Vestigial Structures – feature once useful to
ancestor, no longer useful to current organism
• Biogeography – distribution of orgs and fossils.
• Homologous and Analogous structures -

5. Embryology

6. Macromolecules

7. Vestigial Structures

8. Biogeography

12. Types of Evolution
Divergent Convergent Phyletic

13. Divergent Evolution

14. Convergent Evolution –Similar
characteristics, similar environment.

16. Phyletic

17. Coevolution

18. Classification
• Kingdom, Phyllum, Class, Order, Family, Genus,
Species.
• All “known” organisms have been classified.
• Kingdom is largest category, Species is smallest.
• Scientific name is Genus species.
• Homo sapiens = human
• The more categories in common the more closely
related two organisms are.