B E G I N N E R
E N G L I S H
L E V E L 2
P R E S E N T A T I O N 4

P H O N I C S – V O W E L D I P H T H O N G S
Vowel Diphthongs are the combination of two vowels that produce a unique sound. Neither
long nor short .
‘au’ sound
auction audio audit fraud
audience cause pause haul
sauce maul audacious auditorium
August launch staunch haunt
daunt jaunt autocratic audition

P H O N I C S – V O W E L D I P H T H O N G S
‘aw’ sound
raw claw draw caw
straw dawn thaw fawn
outdraw redraw saw law
pawn yawn prawn crawl
withdraw scrawl lawyer lawful
lawless strawberry tomahawk drawer
awful awkward awning trawler

W O R K I N G H O U R S

W O R K I N G H O U R S
Practical Exercise 1: View the videos and answer the questions.

O C C U PAT I O N S - V O C A B U L A R Y
Welder Nurse Carpenter
Machinist Farmer Plumber

O C C U PAT I O N S - V O C A B U L A R Y
Mechanic
Policeman/Sheriff
pilot
Fireman Teacher Receptionist

O C C U PAT I O N S - S E N T E N C E S
The welder is welding a metal table.
The machinist is making something on a lathe.
The carpenter is making furniture out of wood.
The farmer is milking the cow.
The plumber is fixing our toilet.

O C C U PAT I O N S - S E N T E N C E S
The mechanic is servicing the car.
The nurse is caring for the patients.
The sheriff is catching the thief.
The fireman is putting out the fire.
The teacher is teaching the students.

T E S T Y O U R K N O W L E D G E
Practical Exercise 2: Write in the correct names for the occupation in the worksheets for Presentation 4
a
b c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - N O U N S
Noun acts as an adjective or modifier of another noun.
Words that are usually used as nouns are also used as adjectives, as a
separate word preceding the noun or combined with the noun to form a
single word (see ‘Compound nouns.’) For example, mountain is usually a
noun, but it can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, goat as in (1)
below. The following show in bold red the nouns acting as adjectives and
the modified nouns that follow them and the single words comprising nouns
acting as adjectives and the nouns that they modify.
1. That one looks like a mountain goat.

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - N O U N S
Other examples:
Dog fleas must seek out another dog when the dog dies.
Blowing out the candles, grandmother's denture landed on the birthday
cake.
He was snoring under a big beach umbrella.
Grandfather used to say duck eggs are better than chicken eggs.
A noun must be in the singular form when used as an adjective as shown
above. There are, however, some exceptions: sports club, a goods train, a
Practical Exercise 3: Complete the exercise in the worksheets for Presentation 4

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - N O U N S
Nouns acting as adjectives are combined with the nouns that they modify to
form a single word or single noun.
She saw a dark figure waving to her from her doorway.
There is a layer of fine dust on your bookcase.
In the farmhouse, the hoots of owls were the only things they heard.
Each night he set several mousetraps around the house and in the garage.
He brought along his toothpaste but forgot his toothbrush.
Practical Exercise 4: Complete the exercise in the worksheets for Presentation 4

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - P R O N O U N S
Case
There are three cases of pronouns in English grammar: subjective, objective, and possessive.
A subjective pronoun is in the subjective case when it is used as the subject of the sentence.
The personal pronouns that can be used as subjects are I, you, he, she, it, we, and they.
An object or objective pronoun is in the objective case when it is used as a direct object, an
indirect object, or an object of the preposition. The personal pronouns that can be used as
objects are me, you, him, her, it, us, them.
A possessive pronoun is in the possessive case when it is used to show possession/ownership
of an object. Personal pronouns of possession/ownership are mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours,
and theirs.

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - P R O N O U N S
The subjects of the sentences are shown in orange.
Tom rides a pony. Or He rides a pony.
The prisoners cut the stone into blocks. Or They cut the stone into blocks.
The objects in the sentences are shown in orange.
My uncle likes Tammy. Or My uncle likes her.
We hate apples. Or We hate them.
He scolded Peter and me. Or He scolded him and me.
The possessive pronouns in the sentence are shown in orange.
The girls read their books. The books are theirs.
Practical Exercise 5: Complete the exercise in the worksheets for Presentation 4.

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - V E R B S
Position of verbs
A verb usually follows the subject.
Examples:
She smiles.
The clown rides on a circus horse.
A word (intervening word) may come between the subject and the verb. It doesn’t affect
anything. The usual grammatical rules still apply: the subject and verb must agree with one
another in number (singular or plural). When the subject is singular, its verb must also be
singular; when a subject is a plural, its verb must also be plural. The intervening words are in
bold in these examples.
Examples:
I accidentally knocked my head on the bookshelf.
She always prays to God.

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - V E R B S
A word may come between the verbs that make up a verb phrase. The verb phrase is in
green as shown here.
Examples:
She had recently come out of a prison.
Her cottage was partially hidden behind some trees.
A verb may come before the subject. If the word here or there begins a sentence, a verb
will come before the subject.
Examples:
Here comes the king. (The subject king comes after the verb comes.)
There was an eagle perched on his right shoulder. (The subject eagle comes after the
verb was.) Practical Exercise 6: Underline the verbs in the sentences.

PA R T S O F S P E E C H - A D V E R B S
Adverb of place
An adverb of place is when something is done or happens. The adverb of
place comes after the verb, direct object, or at the end of a sentence.
Adverbs of place are words such as: above, below, here, outside, over
there, there, under, and upstairs.
Examples:
We can stop here for supper.
The schoolboy was knocked over by a motorbike.
They rushed for their lives when the fire broke out on the floor below.

R E A D T H E S T O R Y
Work Hours
In most countries, the regular time to work is Monday to Friday, with Saturday and Sunday
off. Most people usually work between 8:00 am to 4:30 pm or 7:00 to 3:30 pm with a lunch
break from 12:30 to 1:00 pm.
Every day, Suzan rides her bicycle to work early in the morning and always on time. She
usually takes her lunch at 12: 30.
Peter rides the bus. Peter rides the big bus to work. He rides the big, gray bus to work
every day. Because of some traffic jam during the rush hour, Peter used to be late.
Edric rides the train. Edric rides the big train to work. He rides the big, fast train to work
every day. And he is always on time because the train always left the station on time.
Betty lives close to her office. Therefore, she walks to go to work early in the morning. Betty
walks on the crowded sidewalk to work every day, and she is always on time.
Practical Exercise 7: Read the story and answer the questions in the worksheets for Presentation 4.

S P E L L I N G T E S T
Learn the spelling words on Slides 2, and 3, the ‘aw’, and ‘au’
sounds. Complete the test in Practical Exercise 8 in your
worksheets for Presentation 4.
Click on the icon below. Listen carefully and pause the audio
and write the word.