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သတၱဳတြင္း က႑၏ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးးအး
ေလလအာဆ္းးး္စ င္း
Glorious Monywa Hotel
Monywa, Sagaing
9-3-2019
SWIA သုေတသဆ ာုင္ရအေဆအ ္ ံ းေၾ အင္းး မ ္းလ ္္မအး
 ၂၀၁၅- ုုႏွး္ ုဆ္ိုင္း္ွး၍ ထံုးေ မအ ္ာက္၊ ေရာက္၊ ဲ္စဖဴ/းၿဖၱဳ ္ဆ ္တုု ု
ြင္းာင္းသုေတသဆစိၱဳလုိ္ ဲသဲ္သည္။
 စိဲ္ဆန္ုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး တုင္းေ သင းဒသႀကီး ၈ဒသႀကီး  ု ု သြအးေရအ ္ေလ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။
 း္ံ ဆ္းဒသႀကီး လုိ္ ြ ္ဒသႀကီး ၄၁ ု (းင းးအး+ းေသးးအး + လ ္လုိ္လ ္းအး)
 ေတြုာံု ဲသသဒသႀကီး ၁၃၇၈ဒသႀကီး ဥး (းုိ္းုလု ္ ၁၄၂ င ္္+ တး္ဥး မင္း ၄၈၅ င ္္)
 ၂၀၁၆ ေးအ ္တုုအလတြင္ ရဆ္ ုဆ္ၿ္ၱဳု၌ ေတြုာံုောြးေုႏြးိြဲ ၂ င ္္စိၱဳလုိ္ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။
 ၂၀၁၆ ေးအ ္တုုအ (၁၀) ရ ္ေဆုတြင္ ေဆစိဲ္ေတအ္၌ စိဲ္ေထအင္းု၀ဆ္င းးအး
SWIA ႑၏ ေတြုရွ မ ္္မအး ု တင္စိ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။
 ၂၀၁၇ ုုႏွး္ ေဖေဖဖ၀့ရလ (၂၇-၂၈) တြင္ MONREC ႑၏ တအ၀ဆ္ရွသသ္မအးးအး Update
္မအးစိၱဳလုိ္ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။
 းၿိးသတ္းးရင္ ံးအးအး ၂၀၁၈ ုုႏွး္ာက္၊ ္တ္လ ၈ ရ ္ေဆုတြင္ ထုတ္ေ၀ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။
 ၂၀၁၆-၂၀၁၉ ုုႏွး္းတြင္း းလုိ္ရံုောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအး၌ Presentation ္မအးေိးေဆိ့သဲ္သည္။
SWIA ေတြုရွ မ ္္မအး – းဓ းဆ္ေ ဖ္မ ၅ ရိ္
စ္ဆ္္အုႏုင္ငံတြင္ တအဝဆ္နသ္မ႐ွိွေသအ သတၱဳတသးေဖအ္ေရးလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး စဖး္လအရဆ္းတြ ္ းဓ းဆ္ေ ဖ္မ င့းရိ္္ွအ-
၁သည္။ သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္းုႏွင္ာ ္ုႏြန္သဲ္ ္သဝ့ ္မအးာက္၊ ဥိေ ္မအးာက္၊ းဲ္း္မဥ္း းဲ္း ္္း္မအး္ွအ ႐ွိွင္းလင္း္မ ္႐ွိွစ င္းုႏွင္
တအဝဆ္နသ္မ႐ွိွေသအ ရင္းုႏွး္ွၱဳိ္ုႏွံ္မစဖး္လအေးရဆ္ းဟဆ္ုးတအး္မအး ရွေဆစ င္းသည္။
၂ သည္။ဒသႀကီး သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္ွဒသႀကီး သုအ၀ိတ္ဝဆ္း မင္ာက္၊လသ္မေရးုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး လသုး ြင္းေရး္မအးာုင္ရအဒသႀကီး သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးဒသႀကီး 
းအးေးအင္ၾ ဲ္စ င္းုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး  ုင္တြန္ေစဖ႐ွိွင္းရဆ္ဒသႀကီး တအ၀ဆ္ရွသဲ္းးုးရုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး းးိြအးေရးလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး႑၏ဒသႀကီး 
းြ္္းောအင္ရဲ္္ွအဒသႀကီး း ဆ္ုးသတ္႐ွိွေဆစ င္းသည္။
၃သည္။ဒသႀကီး ဓအတ္သတၱဳလုိ္ငဆ္းေၾ အင္ငဒသႀကီး စဖး္ေိဖလအေသအဒသႀကီး သုအဝိတ္ဝဆ္း မင္ာက္၊ဒသႀကီး လသ္မေရးုႏွင္ငဒသႀကီး လသငး ြင္ငးေရးဒသႀကီး ာုင္ရအဒသႀကီး 
ထ ု ္္သ္မအးဒသႀကီး ေ သ ံ္မအးးိဖဒသႀကီး သ ္ေရအ ္စ င္းသည္။
၄သည္။ဒသႀကီး ိဋိ ၡစဖး္ိြအးရအေ သ္မအး႐ွိွဒသႀကီး သတၱဳလုိ္ငဆ္းာုင္ရအဒသႀကီး းုိ္ မၱဳိ္္မးဆး္္္ွအဒသႀကီး လြဆ္းြအ စိ ဆအဒသႀကီး ရွေဆစ င္းသည္။
၅သည္။ဒသႀကီး သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း ကတြင္ဒသႀကီး တရအး္ဝင္တသးေဖအ္္မ္မအးဒသႀကီး  မန္ မန္စိဆ္ုစိဆ္ုဒသႀကီး လုိ္ောအင္ေဆစ င္းးအးဒသႀကီး  ုင္တြန္ေစဖ
႐ွိွင္းရဆ္ဒသႀကီး လုးိ္ေဆစ င္းသည္။
သတၱဳတြင္း ကရွ းဓ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး
သုအ၀ိတ္ဝဆ္း မင္
 EIA းအး းဆး္တ မလုိ္ောအင္္မ္ရွစ င္းာက္၊ းေလးးဆ ္္ရွစ င္းုႏွင္
ဆအးလဲ္္မဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း
 ထံုးေ မအ ္ုႏွင္ု ေရတသးေဖအ္ ထုတ္လုုိ္စ င္းေၾ အင္ ထြ ္ေိဖလအသဲ္ ဖုဆ္္မဆ္ု္မအး
 သးုႏွံ္မအး းထြ ္ုႏွၱဳဆ္းုႏွွင္းရဲ္းေသြး မာင္းစ င္း
 သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္းးဆးတြင္ေဆထုင္ၾ သဲ္ ေ သ ံ္မအး္ွအ ္း ုးေငြု္မအးုႏွင္
းဆံုာုး္မအးးအး းုးရ္္ေဆရစ င္း
 ဓအတုးြဆ္ုိး္ိးၥဲ္း္မအးေၾ အင္ စ္း္ေ မအင္းုႏွင္ ေစ္ေးအ ္ေရးအး ဲး္ဲ္္း္မစဖး္ေးစ င္း
 ေရးးလ္္းေၾ အင္းုႏွင္ဆးသဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ သတၱဳတသးေဖအ္စ င္း
 ထုတ္လုိ္ရအ္ွ းဆဲ္္မအး ုု းြဆ္ုိး္စ င္းေၾ အင္ ေရးးေၾ အင္းတြင္
ုႏုဆ္းးဆဲ္္မအးစဖး္ေိဖလအစ င္း
 း္မအးစိဲ္သသ းသံုးစိၱဳသဲ္ ေရ ု ြဲေ၀သံုးးြဲရဆ္ းသ္ေိးစ င္းသည္။ ေရသံုးးြဲ္မးတြ ္
း ြဆ္္ေိးောအင္စ င္း
 သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး ၿိးာံုးသြအး မဆ္တြင္ စိၱဳစိင္စ င္းာက္၊ စိဆ္လဲ္ထသေထအင္စ င္းာက္၊
သတၱဳတြင္းိတ္သ္္းစ င္း းးးးဥ္္မအး ္ရွစ င္း
ေစ္နအ
ေစ္နအ္မအးသ္္းာဲ္းစ င္း
 ေ သ ံ္မအးေဆထုုင္ရအေဆရအ္မအးာက္၊ းု ္ိမၱဳးေရးေစ္ေဆရအ္မအးးအး မဆ္ထအး ဲရၿိး
တရအးဝင္ေစ္ိုင္ာုင္္မ္မအးးတြ ္
း အး ြန္ေိးုႏုင္္မးဆဲ္းငန္သအရရွစ င္း
 ေစ္နအ္မအးဝန္နသစ င္းုႏွင္ ေဆရအစိဆ္လဲ္ မထအးစ င္းးတြ ္
ဆး္ဆအေၾ း္မအးေိးရအတြင္ းးးးဥ္းဆး္တ မ လုိ္ောအင္္မ္ရွုဲ ေိးေ မစ င္း
 သတင္းး မ ္းလ ္္မအးုႏွင္ ္ွတ္တ္္း္ွတ္ရအ္မအး းအးဆဲ္းစ င္း
 းတင္းေ္အင္းထုတ္စ င္းာက္၊ ရိုင္ ြင္ရွသသ္မအး(rights-holders) ္မအး ု
ၿ ္္းေစ အ ္္မ္မအးစဖး္ေးစ င္း ုႏွင္ ဖးအးစဖး္ေးစ င္း
 စိဆ္လဲ္းးအးထုး မထအးေသအေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ သင္တင္ေလမအ ္ိတ္္မ္ရွစ င္း
 းသ ္ေ္ြးဝ္္းေၾ အင္း္မအး ေိမအ ္ာံုုးစ င္း (ေရငေစိအင္းလုိ္သအး္မအးုႏွင္
လန္သ္အး္မအး္ွအ ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအး စဖး္လအစ င္း)
ေ သ ံ္မအးးေိဖသ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးုႏွင္ ဖြံုၿဖၱဳးေရး
 းောအ ္းဥ္မအး း ္ ြဲစ င္း (န္္းစဖင္ေဖအ ္ ြဲ္မုႏွင္ ာ ္းိ္ေသအ
္ေတအ္တာထ ု ္္မ္မအး)
 သံသနရွေသအ မဆ္း္အေရးသ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး (ေရုႏွင္ ေလ ဲး္ဲ္္း္မ)
 လသေဆ္မိံုးံေစိအင္းလဲလအစ င္း ( ္သးနး္ေား၀့း္မအး ဝန္နသရရွရဆ္ လြန္ သစ င္းာက္၊
းးိြအးစဖး္ေရအင္း မစ င္း)
 းလုိ္း ုင္း ြင္းလ္္းရွအးိ့းစ င္းုႏွင္ ေ သထုတ္ိးၥဲ္းးဆဲ္းငန္သအ းသံုးစိၱဳစ င္း
 းးးးဥ္းဆး္တ မ္ဟုတ္ုဲ လုိ္ောအင္သဲ္ ဖြံုၿဖၱဳးတုုးတ ္္မ း္ံ ဆ္း္မအး
 းသ ္ေ္ြးဝ္္းေၾ အင္းးေိဖ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး ( းု ္ိမၱဳးေရးာက္၊ င့းဖ္္းစ င္း)
 းစ အးေ သ္ွ ေစိအင္းေရုလအသသ္မအး ၀င္ေရအ ္ေဆထုင္လအစ င္းေၾ အင္ ၀ဆ္ောအင္္မ္မအး
းတြ ္ ဆ္ုသတ္္မ္မအး ရွလအစ င္းုႏွင္ ေဈးင းစ္င္လအစ င္း
 ုအသအေရးာုုင္ရအေဆရအ္မအး ထ ု ္ိမ ္းးစ င္း
 သး္ေတအ္မအးစိၱဳဆ္းတးစ င္းေၾ အင္ ေားဖ ္ဝင္းိင္္မအး ရွအးိ့းလအစ င္း
 သတၱဳတြင္းလုုိ္ ုုင္သဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ ေ သ ံ္မအး လံုုၿ ံၱဳ္မ္ရွစ င္း (္သးနး္ေားဝ့းသံုုးးြဲစ င္းာက္၊
ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ေရငေစိအင္းလုုိ္သအး္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း)
 ုု္ၺဏုႏွင္ ေ သ ံ္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း
 သတၱဳတြင္း ုု္မဏ္မအးသဲ္ းဓိၺ့န္ရွေသအ ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအး္စိၱဳလုိ္လု္ၾ စ င္းာက္၊
ေ သ ံ္မအးထံ္ွ းင ံဥအဏ္္မအး ေတအင္း ံရအတြင္ းဆး္္ မစ င္း သုုု္ဟုုတ္
ိသးေိ့င္းောအင္ရြ ္္မ္ရွစ င္းသည္။
 လုုင္းင္္မအးေလွမအ ္ထအးစ င္း႑၏ တး္းတ္တး္ိုုင္းးစဖး္
ေရြး မန္ထအးေသအသသ္မအးုႏွင္သအ းဆး္တ မ းးဥ္္မ္ရွုဲ င ံၱဳသလု
ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအးစိၱဳလုုိ္စ င္းသည္။
 EIA ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအးတြင္ တင္စိေသအ သတင္းး မ ္းလ ္္မအး္ွအ
ဆဲ္းိဲအးရ္္းာဆ္စ င္းာက္၊ း မဆ္ဆဲ္းိ့း စ င္းာက္၊ ေ သ ံုအသအး အး္မအး
းသံုုး္စိၱဳစ င္း သုုု္ဟုုတ္ ဆအးလဲ္ရဆ္ ္ ဲသဲ္ သုအသအး အးစဖင္ သံုးးြဲစ င္းသည္။
 ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ိသးေိ့င္းောအင္ရြ ္ရအတြင္ း္ံ ဆ္း္မအးေၾ အင္ စဖး္ေိဖုႏုုင္ေသအ
းၥရိ္္မအးောြးေုႏြးစ င္းထ ္ းလွဴးတဆ္း္မအးးတြ ္သအ ဥးးအးေိးောြးေုႏြးစ င္းသည္။
 း္ံ ဆ္းးာင္ ဆး္ဆအ္မ္မအးတုုင္ၾ အးုႏုုင္သဲ္ နုႏရအးးဆး္္ရွစ င္းုႏွင္
ိ့ဝင္ိတ္သ ္သသ္မအး္ွ ထုုနုႏရအးးဆး္ းေၾ အင္း သရွ္မဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္းသည္။
ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ိသးေိ့င္းောအင္ရြ ္စ င္းုႏွင္ ဆး္ဆအ္မ္မအး
ေစဖရွင္းသဲ္ုးဆး္
 သင္တဆ္း္မအးုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး လုိ္ထံုးလုိ္ဆဲ္း္မအးးအးဆဲ္းစ င္းဒသႀကီး 
 လုိ္ငဆ္း ြင္ဒသႀကီး းုႏရအန္ အ ြန္ေရးဝတ္းံု္မအးဒသႀကီး ိံိုးေိး္မ ္မအးရွသဲ္ဒသႀကီး 
(းၿ္ဲတ္္းဝတ္ာင္္မ္ရွ)
 ္ေတအ္တာထ ုု ္္မဒသႀကီး ္ွတ္တ္္း္မအးဒသႀကီး ္ရွစ င္းာက္၊ဒသႀကီး ေလမအ္ေၾ း ေိးသဲ္ဒသႀကီး 
လုိ္ငဆ္းးဥ္္မအးဒသႀကီး ရွင္းလင္း္မ္ရွစ င္း
 းလုုိ္သ္အးဒသႀကီး းအ မၱဳိ္္မအး မၱဳိ္ာုုထအး္မ/းအ မၱဳိ္္တၱဳ္မအး္ရွစ င္း
 းလုုိ္သ္အးဒသႀကီး  ုန္းအးလွန္္မအးဒသႀကီး (းဖြဲု) ္ရွစ င္း
 လုိ္ငဆ္း ြင္တြင္ ဆး္ဆအ္မ္မအး ုတုုင္ၾ အးုႏုုင္သဲ္ုဒသႀကီး နုႏရအးးဆး္္မအး္ရွစ င္းဒသႀကီး 
 းလုိ္ မဆ္္မအးစ င္းာက္၊ဒသႀကီး းေစ ံလုိ္ လးအထ ္ဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း
 းလုိ္သ္အးး္မအးးု္ွအဒသႀကီး ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအးစဖး္စ င္း
 လုိ္ငဆ္း ြင္ုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး ေဆထုင္္မးေစ းေဆဒသႀကီး ္ေ အင္း္ြဆ္စ င္း
 း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးတြ ္ းလုိ္း ုုင္း ြင္းလ္္းဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း ( း္မအးးု္ွအ
တရအး္ဝင္သတၱဳတြင္း္မအးတြင္ ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအး းစဖး္ လုိ္ ုုင္ေဆစ င္း)သည္။
း ေၾ းေငြရရွ္မ္တသဲစ င္း
းလုုိ္သ္အး
ေလး္မအးးေိဖ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး
 တိုင္တုႏုင္သတၱဳထုတ္လုိ္သဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ းုႏရအန္
ရွေသအးလုိ္္မအး ုု လုိ္ ုင္ေဆၾ စ င္း
 း မၱဳငတရအးဝင္သတၱဳ လုိ္ငဆ္း္မအးတြင္လဲ္း လုိ္ ုင္္မရွေဆစ င္း
 သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး႑၏ းဆးတ၀ု ္တြင္ ္ေတအ္တာ
ထ ုု ္ ့ဏ္ရအရရွစ င္း
 းုႏရအန္ရွသဲ္ စိ ့း ာက္၊ ာအရအုႏုု ္ (Cyanide) ္မအးးသံုးစိၱဳစ င္း
သုုု္ဟုတ္ းဆးဆအးတြင္ရွေဆစ င္း
 ္သအးးု႑၏ ေစ္နအ္မအးာံုးရွံၱဳးသြအးေသအး ့ ေလး္မအး႑၏
ိဲအေရးတြင္ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးရွစ င္း
 သတၱဳတြင္းး္ံ ဆ္း္မအးေၾ အင္ ေ မအင္းသြအးသဲ္လ္္း္မအး
းဟဆ္ုးတအးရွစ င္းုႏွင္ ္ေတအ္တာထ ု ္ ့ဏ္ရအရရွစ င္း
း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးေိဖ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး
 း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအး ေစ္ေးအ ္သတၱဳတြင္း္မအးတြင္ လုိ္ ုင္ ြင္္ရွစ င္း
 း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးုႏွင္ း္မၱဳးသအး္မအး႑၏ လုိ္ ုုင္ရသဲ္
းလုိ္္မအးသဲ္ သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအးတြင္ ြဲစိအး္မရွစ င္းေၾ အင္
း ေၾ းေငြရရွ္မ္တသဲစ င္း
 း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးတြ ္ းလုိ္း ုုင္း ြင္းလ္္းဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း (
း္မအးးု္ွအ တရအး္ဝင္သတၱဳတြင္း္မအးတြင္
ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအးးစဖး္လုိ္ ုုင္ေဆစ င္း)
 ေရ မင္စ င္းုႏွင္ ေရထုတ္စ င္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအးတြင္ ိ့ဝင္စ င္း (စိ ့းုႏွင္
းစ အးေသအ ဓအတုိးၥဲ္း္မအး းသံုးစိၱဳစ င္း)
 ေ သးတြင္း ေ ့င္းောအင္္မဖြဲးဲ္းတဲ္ောအ ္ိံု္မအးတြင္
ိ့ဝင္္မ္ရွစ င္းာက္၊ ထုငေၾ အင္ ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအးတြင္ ္ိ့ဝင္စ င္း
 ေ သတြင္းး္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးတြ ္ လံုၿ ံၱဳေရးးရ းုုးရ္္္မ္မအးရွစ င္း
ိဋိ ၡ ုႏွင္ လံုုၿ ံၱဳေရး
 သတၱဳတြင္းလုုိ္ ုုင္သဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ ေ သ ံ္မအး လံုုၿ ံၱဳ္မ္ရွစ င္း
(္သးနး္ေားဝ့းသံုုးးြဲစ င္း ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ေရငေစိအင္း
လုုိ္သအး္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း)
 ုု္ၺဏုႏွင္ ေ သ ံ္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း
 းး္တိ္ိုင္ ု္ၺဏ္မအးုႏွင္ လ ္ဆ ္ ုင္းဖြဲု းးဲ္း္မအးုႏွင္
ာ ္းိ္သဲ္ ု္မဏ္မအးးအး ေ သ ံ္မအး္ွ ေၾ အ ္ရြံစ င္း
 ိဋိ ၡစဖး္ိြအးသဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ လုုိ္ ုုင္ေဆသဲ္
သတၱဳတြင္းလုုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး တရအး္ဝင္း ြဆ္္မအး ေိးောအင္ေဆရစ င္း
ုႏွင္ တရအး္ဝင္ သတၱဳ္မအး ုဆ္သြန္္မ္မအးရွေဆစ င္း
 လ ္ဆ ္ ုင္းဖြဲုးးဲ္း္မအးသဲ္ ၎တုုဆန္ေစ္ရွ
သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး ုု းဆး္တ မ း္ံ ဆ္ု ြဲ္မ္ရွစ င္း
ေ မးးသးတင္ိ့တန္သည္။
www.mcrb.org.mm
myanmar.responsible.business
းးရင္ ံးအုႏွင္ းင ံစိၱဳ မ ္းစိဲ္းးံု ု
(http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/
pdf/SWIA/Mining/00-Myanmar-Mining-Sector-Wide-
Assessment.pdf ) တြင္ၾ ဲ္ရမုုႏုင္ိ့သဲ္သည္။

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3 mining swia aung kyaw soe mcrb

  • 1. သတၱဳတြင္း က႑၏ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးးအး ေလလအာဆ္းးး္စ င္း Glorious Monywa Hotel Monywa, Sagaing 9-3-2019
  • 2. SWIA သုေတသဆ ာုင္ရအေဆအ ္ ံ းေၾ အင္းး မ ္းလ ္္မအး  ၂၀၁၅- ုုႏွး္ ုဆ္ိုင္း္ွး၍ ထံုးေ မအ ္ာက္၊ ေရာက္၊ ဲ္စဖဴ/းၿဖၱဳ ္ဆ ္တုု ု ြင္းာင္းသုေတသဆစိၱဳလုိ္ ဲသဲ္သည္။  စိဲ္ဆန္ုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး တုင္းေ သင းဒသႀကီး ၈ဒသႀကီး ု ု သြအးေရအ ္ေလ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။  း္ံ ဆ္းဒသႀကီး လုိ္ ြ ္ဒသႀကီး ၄၁ ု (းင းးအး+ းေသးးအး + လ ္လုိ္လ ္းအး)  ေတြုာံု ဲသသဒသႀကီး ၁၃၇၈ဒသႀကီး ဥး (းုိ္းုလု ္ ၁၄၂ င ္္+ တး္ဥး မင္း ၄၈၅ င ္္)  ၂၀၁၆ ေးအ ္တုုအလတြင္ ရဆ္ ုဆ္ၿ္ၱဳု၌ ေတြုာံုောြးေုႏြးိြဲ ၂ င ္္စိၱဳလုိ္ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။  ၂၀၁၆ ေးအ ္တုုအ (၁၀) ရ ္ေဆုတြင္ ေဆစိဲ္ေတအ္၌ စိဲ္ေထအင္းု၀ဆ္င းးအး SWIA ႑၏ ေတြုရွ မ ္္မအး ု တင္စိ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။  ၂၀၁၇ ုုႏွး္ ေဖေဖဖ၀့ရလ (၂၇-၂၈) တြင္ MONREC ႑၏ တအ၀ဆ္ရွသသ္မအးးအး Update ္မအးစိၱဳလုိ္ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။  းၿိးသတ္းးရင္ ံးအးအး ၂၀၁၈ ုုႏွး္ာက္၊ ္တ္လ ၈ ရ ္ေဆုတြင္ ထုတ္ေ၀ ဲိ့သဲ္သည္။  ၂၀၁၆-၂၀၁၉ ုုႏွး္းတြင္း းလုိ္ရံုောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအး၌ Presentation ္မအးေိးေဆိ့သဲ္သည္။
  • 3. SWIA ေတြုရွ မ ္္မအး – းဓ းဆ္ေ ဖ္မ ၅ ရိ္ စ္ဆ္္အုႏုင္ငံတြင္ တအဝဆ္နသ္မ႐ွိွေသအ သတၱဳတသးေဖအ္ေရးလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး စဖး္လအရဆ္းတြ ္ းဓ းဆ္ေ ဖ္မ င့းရိ္္ွအ- ၁သည္။ သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္းုႏွင္ာ ္ုႏြန္သဲ္ ္သဝ့ ္မအးာက္၊ ဥိေ ္မအးာက္၊ းဲ္း္မဥ္း းဲ္း ္္း္မအး္ွအ ႐ွိွင္းလင္း္မ ္႐ွိွစ င္းုႏွင္ တအဝဆ္နသ္မ႐ွိွေသအ ရင္းုႏွး္ွၱဳိ္ုႏွံ္မစဖး္လအေးရဆ္ းဟဆ္ုးတအး္မအး ရွေဆစ င္းသည္။ ၂ သည္။ဒသႀကီး သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္ွဒသႀကီး သုအ၀ိတ္ဝဆ္း မင္ာက္၊လသ္မေရးုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး လသုး ြင္းေရး္မအးာုင္ရအဒသႀကီး သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးဒသႀကီး းအးေးအင္ၾ ဲ္စ င္းုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး ုင္တြန္ေစဖ႐ွိွင္းရဆ္ဒသႀကီး တအ၀ဆ္ရွသဲ္းးုးရုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး းးိြအးေရးလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး႑၏ဒသႀကီး းြ္္းောအင္ရဲ္္ွအဒသႀကီး း ဆ္ုးသတ္႐ွိွေဆစ င္းသည္။ ၃သည္။ဒသႀကီး ဓအတ္သတၱဳလုိ္ငဆ္းေၾ အင္ငဒသႀကီး စဖး္ေိဖလအေသအဒသႀကီး သုအဝိတ္ဝဆ္း မင္ာက္၊ဒသႀကီး လသ္မေရးုႏွင္ငဒသႀကီး လသငး ြင္ငးေရးဒသႀကီး ာုင္ရအဒသႀကီး ထ ု ္္သ္မအးဒသႀကီး ေ သ ံ္မအးးိဖဒသႀကီး သ ္ေရအ ္စ င္းသည္။ ၄သည္။ဒသႀကီး ိဋိ ၡစဖး္ိြအးရအေ သ္မအး႐ွိွဒသႀကီး သတၱဳလုိ္ငဆ္းာုင္ရအဒသႀကီး းုိ္ မၱဳိ္္မးဆး္္္ွအဒသႀကီး လြဆ္းြအ စိ ဆအဒသႀကီး ရွေဆစ င္းသည္။ ၅သည္။ဒသႀကီး သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း ကတြင္ဒသႀကီး တရအး္ဝင္တသးေဖအ္္မ္မအးဒသႀကီး မန္ မန္စိဆ္ုစိဆ္ုဒသႀကီး လုိ္ောအင္ေဆစ င္းးအးဒသႀကီး ုင္တြန္ေစဖ ႐ွိွင္းရဆ္ဒသႀကီး လုးိ္ေဆစ င္းသည္။
  • 4. သတၱဳတြင္း ကရွ းဓ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး
  • 5. သုအ၀ိတ္ဝဆ္း မင္  EIA းအး းဆး္တ မလုိ္ောအင္္မ္ရွစ င္းာက္၊ းေလးးဆ ္္ရွစ င္းုႏွင္ ဆအးလဲ္္မဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း  ထံုးေ မအ ္ုႏွင္ု ေရတသးေဖအ္ ထုတ္လုုိ္စ င္းေၾ အင္ ထြ ္ေိဖလအသဲ္ ဖုဆ္္မဆ္ု္မအး  သးုႏွံ္မအး းထြ ္ုႏွၱဳဆ္းုႏွွင္းရဲ္းေသြး မာင္းစ င္း  သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္းးဆးတြင္ေဆထုင္ၾ သဲ္ ေ သ ံ္မအး္ွအ ္း ုးေငြု္မအးုႏွင္ းဆံုာုး္မအးးအး းုးရ္္ေဆရစ င္း  ဓအတုးြဆ္ုိး္ိးၥဲ္း္မအးေၾ အင္ စ္း္ေ မအင္းုႏွင္ ေစ္ေးအ ္ေရးအး ဲး္ဲ္္း္မစဖး္ေးစ င္း  ေရးးလ္္းေၾ အင္းုႏွင္ဆးသဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ သတၱဳတသးေဖအ္စ င္း  ထုတ္လုိ္ရအ္ွ းဆဲ္္မအး ုု းြဆ္ုိး္စ င္းေၾ အင္ ေရးးေၾ အင္းတြင္ ုႏုဆ္းးဆဲ္္မအးစဖး္ေိဖလအစ င္း  း္မအးစိဲ္သသ းသံုးစိၱဳသဲ္ ေရ ု ြဲေ၀သံုးးြဲရဆ္ းသ္ေိးစ င္းသည္။ ေရသံုးးြဲ္မးတြ ္ း ြဆ္္ေိးောအင္စ င္း  သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး ၿိးာံုးသြအး မဆ္တြင္ စိၱဳစိင္စ င္းာက္၊ စိဆ္လဲ္ထသေထအင္စ င္းာက္၊ သတၱဳတြင္းိတ္သ္္းစ င္း းးးးဥ္္မအး ္ရွစ င္း
  • 6. ေစ္နအ ေစ္နအ္မအးသ္္းာဲ္းစ င္း  ေ သ ံ္မအးေဆထုုင္ရအေဆရအ္မအးာက္၊ းု ္ိမၱဳးေရးေစ္ေဆရအ္မအးးအး မဆ္ထအး ဲရၿိး တရအးဝင္ေစ္ိုင္ာုင္္မ္မအးးတြ ္ း အး ြန္ေိးုႏုင္္မးဆဲ္းငန္သအရရွစ င္း  ေစ္နအ္မအးဝန္နသစ င္းုႏွင္ ေဆရအစိဆ္လဲ္ မထအးစ င္းးတြ ္ ဆး္ဆအေၾ း္မအးေိးရအတြင္ းးးးဥ္းဆး္တ မ လုိ္ောအင္္မ္ရွုဲ ေိးေ မစ င္း  သတင္းး မ ္းလ ္္မအးုႏွင္ ္ွတ္တ္္း္ွတ္ရအ္မအး းအးဆဲ္းစ င္း  းတင္းေ္အင္းထုတ္စ င္းာက္၊ ရိုင္ ြင္ရွသသ္မအး(rights-holders) ္မအး ု ၿ ္္းေစ အ ္္မ္မအးစဖး္ေးစ င္း ုႏွင္ ဖးအးစဖး္ေးစ င္း  စိဆ္လဲ္းးအးထုး မထအးေသအေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ သင္တင္ေလမအ ္ိတ္္မ္ရွစ င္း  းသ ္ေ္ြးဝ္္းေၾ အင္း္မအး ေိမအ ္ာံုုးစ င္း (ေရငေစိအင္းလုိ္သအး္မအးုႏွင္ လန္သ္အး္မအး္ွအ ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအး စဖး္လအစ င္း)
  • 7. ေ သ ံ္မအးးေိဖသ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးုႏွင္ ဖြံုၿဖၱဳးေရး  းောအ ္းဥ္မအး း ္ ြဲစ င္း (န္္းစဖင္ေဖအ ္ ြဲ္မုႏွင္ ာ ္းိ္ေသအ ္ေတအ္တာထ ု ္္မ္မအး)  သံသနရွေသအ မဆ္း္အေရးသ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး (ေရုႏွင္ ေလ ဲး္ဲ္္း္မ)  လသေဆ္မိံုးံေစိအင္းလဲလအစ င္း ( ္သးနး္ေား၀့း္မအး ဝန္နသရရွရဆ္ လြန္ သစ င္းာက္၊ းးိြအးစဖး္ေရအင္း မစ င္း)  းလုိ္း ုင္း ြင္းလ္္းရွအးိ့းစ င္းုႏွင္ ေ သထုတ္ိးၥဲ္းးဆဲ္းငန္သအ းသံုးစိၱဳစ င္း  းးးးဥ္းဆး္တ မ္ဟုတ္ုဲ လုိ္ောအင္သဲ္ ဖြံုၿဖၱဳးတုုးတ ္္မ း္ံ ဆ္း္မအး  းသ ္ေ္ြးဝ္္းေၾ အင္းးေိဖ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး ( းု ္ိမၱဳးေရးာက္၊ င့းဖ္္းစ င္း)  းစ အးေ သ္ွ ေစိအင္းေရုလအသသ္မအး ၀င္ေရအ ္ေဆထုင္လအစ င္းေၾ အင္ ၀ဆ္ောအင္္မ္မအး းတြ ္ ဆ္ုသတ္္မ္မအး ရွလအစ င္းုႏွင္ ေဈးင းစ္င္လအစ င္း  ုအသအေရးာုုင္ရအေဆရအ္မအး ထ ု ္ိမ ္းးစ င္း  သး္ေတအ္မအးစိၱဳဆ္းတးစ င္းေၾ အင္ ေားဖ ္ဝင္းိင္္မအး ရွအးိ့းလအစ င္း  သတၱဳတြင္းလုုိ္ ုုင္သဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ ေ သ ံ္မအး လံုုၿ ံၱဳ္မ္ရွစ င္း (္သးနး္ေားဝ့းသံုုးးြဲစ င္းာက္၊ ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ေရငေစိအင္းလုုိ္သအး္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း)  ုု္ၺဏုႏွင္ ေ သ ံ္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း
  • 8.  သတၱဳတြင္း ုု္မဏ္မအးသဲ္ းဓိၺ့န္ရွေသအ ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအး္စိၱဳလုိ္လု္ၾ စ င္းာက္၊ ေ သ ံ္မအးထံ္ွ းင ံဥအဏ္္မအး ေတအင္း ံရအတြင္ းဆး္္ မစ င္း သုုု္ဟုုတ္ ိသးေိ့င္းောအင္ရြ ္္မ္ရွစ င္းသည္။  လုုင္းင္္မအးေလွမအ ္ထအးစ င္း႑၏ တး္းတ္တး္ိုုင္းးစဖး္ ေရြး မန္ထအးေသအသသ္မအးုႏွင္သအ းဆး္တ မ းးဥ္္မ္ရွုဲ င ံၱဳသလု ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအးစိၱဳလုုိ္စ င္းသည္။  EIA ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအးတြင္ တင္စိေသအ သတင္းး မ ္းလ ္္မအး္ွအ ဆဲ္းိဲအးရ္္းာဆ္စ င္းာက္၊ း မဆ္ဆဲ္းိ့း စ င္းာက္၊ ေ သ ံုအသအး အး္မအး းသံုုး္စိၱဳစ င္း သုုု္ဟုုတ္ ဆအးလဲ္ရဆ္ ္ ဲသဲ္ သုအသအး အးစဖင္ သံုးးြဲစ င္းသည္။  ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ိသးေိ့င္းောအင္ရြ ္ရအတြင္ း္ံ ဆ္း္မအးေၾ အင္ စဖး္ေိဖုႏုုင္ေသအ းၥရိ္္မအးောြးေုႏြးစ င္းထ ္ းလွဴးတဆ္း္မအးးတြ ္သအ ဥးးအးေိးောြးေုႏြးစ င္းသည္။  း္ံ ဆ္းးာင္ ဆး္ဆအ္မ္မအးတုုင္ၾ အးုႏုုင္သဲ္ နုႏရအးးဆး္္ရွစ င္းုႏွင္ ိ့ဝင္ိတ္သ ္သသ္မအး္ွ ထုုနုႏရအးးဆး္ းေၾ အင္း သရွ္မဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္းသည္။ ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ိသးေိ့င္းောအင္ရြ ္စ င္းုႏွင္ ဆး္ဆအ္မ္မအး ေစဖရွင္းသဲ္ုးဆး္
  • 9.  သင္တဆ္း္မအးုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး လုိ္ထံုးလုိ္ဆဲ္း္မအးးအးဆဲ္းစ င္းဒသႀကီး  လုိ္ငဆ္း ြင္ဒသႀကီး းုႏရအန္ အ ြန္ေရးဝတ္းံု္မအးဒသႀကီး ိံိုးေိး္မ ္မအးရွသဲ္ဒသႀကီး (းၿ္ဲတ္္းဝတ္ာင္္မ္ရွ)  ္ေတအ္တာထ ုု ္္မဒသႀကီး ္ွတ္တ္္း္မအးဒသႀကီး ္ရွစ င္းာက္၊ဒသႀကီး ေလမအ္ေၾ း ေိးသဲ္ဒသႀကီး လုိ္ငဆ္းးဥ္္မအးဒသႀကီး ရွင္းလင္း္မ္ရွစ င္း  းလုုိ္သ္အးဒသႀကီး းအ မၱဳိ္္မအး မၱဳိ္ာုုထအး္မ/းအ မၱဳိ္္တၱဳ္မအး္ရွစ င္း  းလုုိ္သ္အးဒသႀကီး ုန္းအးလွန္္မအးဒသႀကီး (းဖြဲု) ္ရွစ င္း  လုိ္ငဆ္း ြင္တြင္ ဆး္ဆအ္မ္မအး ုတုုင္ၾ အးုႏုုင္သဲ္ုဒသႀကီး နုႏရအးးဆး္္မအး္ရွစ င္းဒသႀကီး  းလုိ္ မဆ္္မအးစ င္းာက္၊ဒသႀကီး းေစ ံလုိ္ လးအထ ္ဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း  းလုိ္သ္အးး္မအးးု္ွအဒသႀကီး ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအးစဖး္စ င္း  လုိ္ငဆ္း ြင္ုႏွင္ဒသႀကီး ေဆထုင္္မးေစ းေဆဒသႀကီး ္ေ အင္း္ြဆ္စ င္း  း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးတြ ္ းလုိ္း ုုင္း ြင္းလ္္းဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း ( း္မအးးု္ွအ တရအး္ဝင္သတၱဳတြင္း္မအးတြင္ ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအး းစဖး္ လုိ္ ုုင္ေဆစ င္း)သည္။ း ေၾ းေငြရရွ္မ္တသဲစ င္း းလုုိ္သ္အး
  • 10. ေလး္မအးးေိဖ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး  တိုင္တုႏုင္သတၱဳထုတ္လုိ္သဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ းုႏရအန္ ရွေသအးလုိ္္မအး ုု လုိ္ ုင္ေဆၾ စ င္း  း မၱဳငတရအးဝင္သတၱဳ လုိ္ငဆ္း္မအးတြင္လဲ္း လုိ္ ုင္္မရွေဆစ င္း  သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး႑၏ းဆးတ၀ု ္တြင္ ္ေတအ္တာ ထ ုု ္ ့ဏ္ရအရရွစ င္း  းုႏရအန္ရွသဲ္ စိ ့း ာက္၊ ာအရအုႏုု ္ (Cyanide) ္မအးးသံုးစိၱဳစ င္း သုုု္ဟုတ္ းဆးဆအးတြင္ရွေဆစ င္း  ္သအးးု႑၏ ေစ္နအ္မအးာံုးရွံၱဳးသြအးေသအး ့ ေလး္မအး႑၏ ိဲအေရးတြင္ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအးရွစ င္း  သတၱဳတြင္းး္ံ ဆ္း္မအးေၾ အင္ ေ မအင္းသြအးသဲ္လ္္း္မအး းဟဆ္ုးတအးရွစ င္းုႏွင္ ္ေတအ္တာထ ု ္ ့ဏ္ရအရရွစ င္း
  • 11. း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးေိဖ သ ္ေရအ ္္မ္မအး  း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအး ေစ္ေးအ ္သတၱဳတြင္း္မအးတြင္ လုိ္ ုင္ ြင္္ရွစ င္း  း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးုႏွင္ း္မၱဳးသအး္မအး႑၏ လုိ္ ုုင္ရသဲ္ းလုိ္္မအးသဲ္ သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအးတြင္ ြဲစိအး္မရွစ င္းေၾ အင္ း ေၾ းေငြရရွ္မ္တသဲစ င္း  း္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးတြ ္ းလုိ္း ုုင္း ြင္းလ္္းဆဲ္းိ့းစ င္း ( း္မအးးု္ွအ တရအး္ဝင္သတၱဳတြင္း္မအးတြင္ ေဆုးအးးလုိ္သ္အး္မအးးစဖး္လုိ္ ုုင္ေဆစ င္း)  ေရ မင္စ င္းုႏွင္ ေရထုတ္စ င္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအးတြင္ ိ့ဝင္စ င္း (စိ ့းုႏွင္ းစ အးေသအ ဓအတုိးၥဲ္း္မအး းသံုးစိၱဳစ င္း)  ေ သးတြင္း ေ ့င္းောအင္္မဖြဲးဲ္းတဲ္ောအ ္ိံု္မအးတြင္ ိ့ဝင္္မ္ရွစ င္းာက္၊ ထုငေၾ အင္ ောြးေုႏြးိြဲ္မအးတြင္ ္ိ့ဝင္စ င္း  ေ သတြင္းး္မၱဳးသ္း္မအးးတြ ္ လံုၿ ံၱဳေရးးရ းုုးရ္္္မ္မအးရွစ င္း
  • 12. ိဋိ ၡ ုႏွင္ လံုုၿ ံၱဳေရး  သတၱဳတြင္းလုုိ္ ုုင္သဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ ေ သ ံ္မအး လံုုၿ ံၱဳ္မ္ရွစ င္း (္သးနး္ေားဝ့းသံုုးးြဲစ င္း ေ သ ံ္မအးုႏွင္ ေရငေစိအင္း လုုိ္သအး္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း)  ုု္ၺဏုႏွင္ ေ သ ံ္မအးးၾ အး ာ ္ာံေရးတင္း္အစ င္း  းး္တိ္ိုင္ ု္ၺဏ္မအးုႏွင္ လ ္ဆ ္ ုင္းဖြဲု းးဲ္း္မအးုႏွင္ ာ ္းိ္သဲ္ ု္မဏ္မအးးအး ေ သ ံ္မအး္ွ ေၾ အ ္ရြံစ င္း  ိဋိ ၡစဖး္ိြအးသဲ္ေဆရအ္မအးတြင္ လုုိ္ ုုင္ေဆသဲ္ သတၱဳတြင္းလုုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး တရအး္ဝင္း ြဆ္္မအး ေိးောအင္ေဆရစ င္း ုႏွင္ တရအး္ဝင္ သတၱဳ္မအး ုဆ္သြန္္မ္မအးရွေဆစ င္း  လ ္ဆ ္ ုင္းဖြဲုးးဲ္း္မအးသဲ္ ၎တုုဆန္ေစ္ရွ သတၱဳတြင္းလုိ္ငဆ္း္မအး ုု းဆး္တ မ း္ံ ဆ္ု ြဲ္မ္ရွစ င္း
  • 13. ေ မးးသးတင္ိ့တန္သည္။ www.mcrb.org.mm myanmar.responsible.business းးရင္ ံးအုႏွင္ းင ံစိၱဳ မ ္းစိဲ္းးံု ု (http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/ pdf/SWIA/Mining/00-Myanmar-Mining-Sector-Wide- Assessment.pdf ) တြင္ၾ ဲ္ရမုုႏုင္ိ့သဲ္သည္။