1. 1
OrbitDynamics
byEngA.FarragADCS Team Leader
By Ahmad farrag

2. 2
Overview
Kelper’slaws
Orbital elements
Orbit types
Reference co-ordinate system
Two body problem
By Ahmad farrag

3. 3
Solar System
Are the positions of the planets and other solar system objects random?
Do they obey certain laws?
What can these laws tell us about the history and evolution of the solar system?
By Ahmad farrag

4. 4
Kepler’s Laws "Theorbitofeveryplanetisanellipsewiththesunatafocus.“ "Alinejoiningaplanetandthesunsweepsoutequalareasduringequalintervalsoftime." "Thesquareoftheorbitalperiodofaplanetisdirectlyproportionaltothecubeofthesemi-majoraxisofitsorbit."
By Ahmad farrag

5. 5
Whatisasatelliteanyway?
Asatelliteisanyobjectthatorbitsorrevolvesaroundanotherobject.
Forexample,theMoonisasatelliteofEarth,andEarthisasatelliteoftheSun.
By Ahmad farrag

6. 6
Understanding Orbits
By Ahmad farrag

7. 8
Orbital “Keplerian” elements
The traditional orbital elements are the six Keplerian elements
By Ahmad

8. 9
By Ahmad farrag

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10. 12
Orbit types Centricclassifications
–Galactocentricorbit:Anorbitaboutthecenterofagalaxy.Earth'ssunfollowsthistypeoforbit.
–Heliocentricorbit:AnorbitaroundtheSun.InourSolarSystem,allplanets,comets,andasteroidsareinsuchorbits.
–Geocentricorbit:AnorbitaroundtheplanetEarth,suchastheMoonorartificialsatellites.
By Ahmad farrag

11. 13
By Ahmad farragOrbit types Altitude classifications
–Low Earth Orbit (LEO):Geocentric orbits ranging in altitude from 100–1000 km
–Medium Earth Orbit (MEO):Geocentric orbits ranging in altitude from 1000 km to just below geosynchronous orbit at 35786 km .
–High Earth Orbit (HEO):Geocentric orbits above the altitude of geosynchronous orbit 35786 km.

12. 14
Orbit types Inclinationclassifications
–Inclinedorbit:Anorbitwhoseinclinationisnotzerodegrees.
–Polarorbit:Anorbitthatpassesaboveornearlyabovebothpolesoftheplanetoneachrevolution.Thereforeithasaninclinationof90degrees.
By Ahmad farrag

13. 15
Orbit types
Eccentricity classifications
–Circular orbit: An orbit that has an eccentricity of 0 and whose path traces a circle
–Elliptic orbit: An orbit with an eccentricity greater than 0 and less than 1 whose orbit traces the path of an ellipse.
•Molniya orbit: A highly elliptic orbit with inclination of 63.4°and orbital period of half of a sidereal day (roughly 12 hours). Such a satellite spends most of its time over a designated area of the planet
By Ahmad farrag

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By Ahmad farragOrbit types Synchronous classifications–Sun-synchronous orbit: An orbit which combines altitude and inclination in such a way that the satellite passes over any given point of the earth surface at the same local solar time. Such an orbit can place a satellite in constant sunlight and is useful for imaging, spy, and weather satellites–geosynchronousorbitis an orbit around the Earth with an orbital period matching the Earth's sidereal rotation period.

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Reference Co-ordinate System
Earth-Centered Inertial Frame (ECI) or Inertial Co-ordinate System (ICS)
By Ahmad farrag

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Reference Co-ordinate System
Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed Frame (ECEF) or
Greenwich Co-ordinates System (GCS)
By Ahmad farrag

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Reference Co-ordinate System Orbital Co-ordinate System OCS
By Ahmad farrag

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Reference Co-ordinate System Body Co-ordinate System BCS
By Ahmad farrag