4. Functional
Requirements
Defined by IEEE 830
Contractual in nature
Example:
3.4) The product shall have a gasoline-powered engine.
3.5) The product shall have four wheels.
3.5.1) The product shall have a rubber tire mounted to
each wheel.
3.6) The product shall have a steering wheel.
3.7) The product shall have a steel body.
5. Use Case
Part of Rational Unified Process (RUP)
Large in scope
Permanent artifacts
Purpose is to document agreement
6. Interaction Scenario
Detailed description of a user’s interaction
with a system
Larger in scope than a use case
Emphasis on realism and detail
Characteristics:
Setting
Actors
Goals
Events
8. What a User Story is
Expresses functionality in terms of value to
customers or users
Uses the language of the customer
Cross-cuts technical concerns
Emphasizes shared understanding
12. Benefits of stories
Focus is on user goals rather than system
attributes
Defer detail till needed
Promote tacit knowledge across team
Humans remember stories
No illusion of precision
Stories are not contractual obligations
14. Structure of a User
Story
Written Description
As a <user role>, I want to <goal> so that <benefit>.
Conversation
Confirmation
15. Acceptance criteria
Conditions of satisfaction
Need to be specified by the customer
Written before the programmer begins
coding
Should clarify the intent of the story to the
developers
Must be testable
16. Qualities of a User
Story
Fit on an index card
Written for a single user
Written in active voice
Written in language of the business
Avoid UI and technical details
17. Qualities of a User
Story
I - Independent
N - Negotiable
V - Valuable
E - Estimable
S - Small
T - Testable
27. Abuser Story
As l33th@x, I want to put malicious content
on the home page so that I can embarrass the
company for not hiring me.
28. Bad User Story
As a user, I want to register for a volunteer
event so I can begin fundraising.
29. Good User Story
As a volunteer, I want to create an account so
that I can share my availability for
volunteering to event planners.
30. Bad User Story
As a volunteer I want to create an account so
I can log in.
31. Good User Story
As a donor, I want to donate to my friend's
fundraising event online, so I can support her
charity efforts.
32. Bad User Story
As a staff member, I want to be able to train
new staff quickly and efficiently using print or
online resources, so that they can feel
comfortable quickly.
33. Good User Story?
As a political candidate, I want to participate
in online discussions with potential voters so
that I can understand what's really important
to them.
36. Resources
Scrum.org - http://www.scrum.org/
Scrum Alliance - http://www.scrumalliance.org/
All Things Product Owner - http://www.romanpichler.com/blog/user-stories/
User story tools: http://www.userstories.com/products
User Stories Applied by Mike Cohn