Jari Makkonen, Maggie Li

1.
China
cu)ng
CO2
emissions
related
to
shipbuilding
and
usage
of
vessels
Jari
Makkonen,
Maggie
Li
16.10.2015
Enclosures
to
report

2. List
of
appendices
Global seaborne trade by commodity in 2015!Growth in the world fleet and total seaborne
trade by 2019!
Europe'1%'
NEW'ORDERS'(2013)'
China'42%'
South'
Korea'36%'
Japan'13%'
Others'8%'
China'40%'
South'
Korea'33%'
Japan'14%'
Others'
11%'
Europe'1%'
ORDERBOOKS'(2013)'
China'37%'
South'
Korea'35%'
Japan'20%'
Others'6%' Europe'1%'
COMPLETIONS'(2013)'
Global shipbuilding and seaborne market!
Source:(B&B(Advisors(Shanghai(presenta6on(2015(
Enclosure # 1

3. 0
50
100
150
200
250
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
China
Japan
South
Korea
Other
Orderbook
by
builder
country,
end
year.
Number
of
yards
which
completed
the
delivery
of
their
orderbook,
end
year.
2015
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2012
Bars
show
%
of
scheduled
orderbook
by
builder
country
m.CGT
Number
of
yards
scheduled
to
complete
the
delivery
of
their
orderbook
going
forward.
Based
on
current
orderbook,
with
no
further
contracQng.
0
10
20
30
40
50
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
60
70
Korean
yards’
share
Japanese
yards’
share
Chinese
yards’
share
0%
20%
10%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
m.CGT
ProjecQon
Other
Gas
Containerships
Tankers
Bulkers
Bars
showing
the
volume
of
CGT
(Compensated
Gross
Tons)
reported
delivered
globally,
broken
down
by
vessel
sector.
Lines
illustraQng
the
share
of
deliverables
accounted
for
by
Chinese
South
Korean
and
Japanese
shipbuilders,
in
terms
of
CGT.
Overcapacity since 2008 depressing orderbooks in China,
resulting in that Korea has recently passed China in delivery of
vessels expressed in compensated gross tons.
ORDERBOOK TRENDS
DELIVERY SHARES
Source:
B&B
Advisors
Shanghai
presenta:on
2015
Enclosure # 2

4. Enclosure # 3: Current marine fuel specifications in China
(Sinopec presentation Green shipping Shanghai, September, 2015)
• Heavy Diesel Specification was enacted by reference to ГOCT 1667 in 1960s. It
was applicable to low-and-medium speed diesel engines and abolished in end of
1998.
• GB 252 General-purpose Diesel is applicable to vessel compression ignition
engines.
• 1998 equivalent of ISO 8217：GB/T 17411-1998 Specifications of Marine
Fuels enacted in 1996，MOD ISO 8217 in 2012; GB/T 17411-2012 in 2010；
• Implementation：latest ISO specification applicable to marine fuels for foreign-
going vessels for foreign trade; vessels sailing domestically mainly use non-
standard diesel or GB 252 or GB/T 17411 fuel oils .

5. Enclosure # 4: Composition of domestic marine fuels in
China (Sinopec presentation Green shipping Shanghai,
September, 2015)
• Standard heavy marine fuels are stable and homogeneous hydrocarbon mixtures
blended with residual oils from atmospheric and vacuum distillation and light
distillates from secondary processing.
• Realities: fuel blending businesses, due to fierce market competition, are
producing heavy marine fuels with non-conventional petroleum components,
mainly shale oil, FCC flurry, asphalt, tar, arene, animal and plant oils, and waste
engine and tire oil, to bring down costs. Quality cannot be guaranteed because of a
motley of raw material resources.

6.
Sulphur
content
in
fuel
m/m
• Stage
I
：
01/01/
2000
~
31/12/2010
(China)
4.5%
01/01/
2000
~
31/12/2010
(ECA)
1.5%
• Stage
II：
01/01/
2013
~31/12/2019
(China)
3.5%
01/01/
2015
~
(ECA)
0.1%
• Stage
III：
01/01/
2020
~31/12/2024
(China)
0.5%
01/01/
2020
~
31/12/2024
(ECA)
0.1%
Enclosure # 5: Supplementary Provisions VI
Requirements on Sulfur Content in Fuel for SOx and PM
Emission Control of Marine ship

7. Enclosure # 6: MoT presentation on September, 2015 -
Implementation Scheme on Special Action of Shipping and
Port Pollution Prevention and Control (2015-2020)
• New-­‐builds
– Enforce
newly
revised
standards
in
rela:on
to
emission
of
shipping
pollutants
• Coastal
vessels
set
to
be
put
in
use
in
2018
• Inland
vessels
set
to
be
put
in
use
in
2021
• In-­‐use
– Equip
or
modify
related
facili:es
and
equipment
• Equipping
or
modifying
of
related
facili:es
and
equipment
on
ships
that
have
failed
to
meet
the
newly
revised
standards
in
rela:on
to
emission
of
shipping
pollutants
should
be
accomplished
by
the
end
of
2020.
• If
ships
fail
to
meet
requirements
aRer
modifica:on
by
the
end
of
2020,
they
should
be
obsoleted
within
a
given
:me
limit.

8. Enclosure # 7: Trending of inland vessel condition in China
• Net
dead
weight
increases
about
3.6%~10.4%
annually
– 2015～2020:
120.64～169.20
million
tons
– 2015～2020:
obsolete
10
million
tons
– 2020:
72.79
tons
for
new
ships,
and
96.41
tons
for
in-­‐use
ships
aRer
2015
• Net
dead
weight
per
ship
increases
about
4.1%~10.9%
annually
– 2015～2020:
765～1099
tons/ship
• Number
of
ships
decrease
year
by
year
– 2015～2020:
157.7～154.0
thousand
ships
– 2015～2020:
obsolete
about
32000
ships
– 2020:
28000
new
ships,
and
126000
in-­‐use
ships
aRer
2015
• Number
of
LNG-­‐Fueled
ships
increase
year
by
year
– 2015～2020:
0.2%～2%
(300～3000
ships）

9. Enclosure # 8: electrical propulsion in China
Electrical propulsion integrator Ship Owner Ship Type Ship size Shipyard Designer
the 712th Institute of CSIC (China
Shipbuilding Industry Corp
no detail data on Chinese
owner
Scientific Expedition
Ship
no data WuChang Ship
Building Group.
the 712th Institute of CSIC (China
Shipbuilding Industry Corp
the 712th Institute of CSIC (China
Shipbuilding Industry Corp
Janpanes Xiangdao Shipping Dry bulk GT499T Qingdao the 712th Institute of CSIC (China
Shipbuilding Industry Corp
the 712th Institute of CSIC (China
Shipbuilding Industry Corp
several Chinese Bulk carrier,
Expedition
ship,Cruise and pipe-
laying ship
no data no data the 712th Institute of CSIC (China
Shipbuilding Industry Corp
the 704th Institute of CSIC Chongqing New Century
Cruise Company
Cruise "Century
Legend"
no data no data the 704th Institute of CSIC
the 704th Institute of CSIC Xiamen University Expedition ship no data no data the 704th Institute of CSIC
the 704th Institute of CSIC NDARC's Ocean Engineering
Equipment Development and
Industrialization project
pipe laying and crane
vessel
5000 ton no data the 704th Institute of CSIC
the 704th Institute of CSIC Ministry of national science
and technology-863 Plan
Large scale ocean
going processing
trawler
no data no data the 704th Institute of CSIC
Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering of
China South Railway(CSR)Zhu Zhou
Electric Locomotive Research Institute
National Bureau of
Oceanography
Expedition ship no data no data Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering
of China South Railway(CSR)Zhu
Zhou Electric Locomotive Research
Institute
Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering of
China South Railway(CSR)Zhu Zhou
Electric Locomotive Research Institute
China's underwater
archaeology team
Archaeological ship design speed 12
nautic mile/
hour,farthest
distance 200km
from coast line,9-
hour-full-speed
back to port
Chongqing
Changhang
Dongfeng Ship
Group
Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering
of China South Railway(CSR)Zhu
Zhou Electric Locomotive Research
Institute
Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering of
China South Railway(CSR)Zhu Zhou
Electric Locomotive Research Institute
Singapore TYM Group Self-
elevating,propelling
work and living
engineering ship
94.2m in length no data Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering
of China South Railway(CSR)Zhu
Zhou Electric Locomotive Research
Institute
Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering of
China South Railway(CSR)Zhu Zhou
Electric Locomotive Research Institute
Shuttle tanker, platform vessel no data no data Shanghai HanGe Ship Engineering
of China South Railway(CSR)Zhu
Zhou Electric Locomotive Research
Institute

10. Enclosure # 9: International regulatory framework in place for
adopting LNG -fuelled operations in China
INTERNATIONAL
REGULATIONS
CONFIRMED
BY
CHINA
NATIONAL
REGULATIONS
OF
CHINA
• Monopolis:c
nature
of
pipeline
ownership
and
opera:ons
leaving
significant
opera:onal
power
to
state-­‐owned
energy
companies
forming
“best
prac:ces”.
• No
independent
regulator
for
natural
gas,
the
authority
split
between
different
ministries
and
agencies,
while
both
the
central
and
local
governments
having
dis:nct
powers.
• No
regime
for
regulated
access
to
gas
pipeline
networks,
nor
network
tariff
or
any
official
condi:ons
for
access
to
pipelines/
transmission
pipelines.
• Companies
having
only
two
op:ons
1)
selling
their
gas
to
integrated
companies
that
own
pipelines
2)
trying
to
sell
locally
(blocked
for
foreign
companies)
• No
comprehensive
safety
assessment
framework
for
LNG
terminals
in
China,
only
a
na:onal
standard
for
the
design
of
LNG
terminals
implemented
in
2010
and
s:ll
need
to
be
amended
for
the
new
developments
in
the
LNG
industry.
• No
law
to
monitor
storage
use
or
access
to
storage.

11. Dual-Fuel
Ship
Ship Owner Ship
Type
Ship size -related
information
Shipyard Designer Motor
supplier
Investmen
t
Haichuan No.
2
Wuhan
Transportation
Development Group
containe
r ship
30.000 TEU Wuhan
Transportation
Development Group
Shipyard
Wuhan
Transportation
Development Group
Ship Design
Company
CNPC JiChai not public
Haichuan No.
3
Wuhan
Transportation
Development Group
containe
r ship
30.000 TEU Wuhan
Transportation
Development Group
Shipyard
Wuhan
Transportation
Development Group
Ship Design
Company
CNPC JiChai not public
Jiangsu Hehai
(Cargo) No.1
Jiangsu Hehai
Shipping Co.,Ltd
dry bulk L*B*D: 57.3*12.6*3.6.
Net volume of cargo:
1.496.15 m3
Jiangsu Qinfeng
Shipping Co.,Ltd
not known C6190ZLCZS
-1 from CNPC
Jichai
4 million
RMB
Anhui dual
fuel demo ship
Wuhu Wanfeng
Shipping Co.,Ltd
demo L*B*D: 93.8*15.6*7.4M.
Total ship power:600kw
Wannan Shipyard not known not known not public
Zhe Anji
Cargo 2119
Anji Yuanya Shipping
Co.,Ltd.
cargo
(retrofit)
DWT 500 not known not known not known not public
Xijiang
Xinggui 3608
Guangxi Xijiang
Investment
Development Co.,Ltd
cargo L*B*D: 70*15.8*4.8M.
DWT 3.330. Speed
15km/hour. Range:
800km. Self-suffiency:5
days
Guanxi Xijiang
Heavy Machinery
Co.,Ltd.
not known not known not public
Jining Sanitary
Ship
Jining Port Navigation
Bureau
bulk
carrier
(waste)
L*B*D: 22.5*7*2 Pinghu Huahai
Shipyard
not known not known not public
30000M
3
LNG
Tanker
CNPC LNG
tanker
L*B*D: 181*28*19.
Draft: 7.8m, equipped
with dual-fuel engine of
8.775kW. DWT16.200
Ningbo Xinle
Shipyard
not known not known 650million
RMB
Enclosure # 10: Some identified Chinese dual-fuel vessels 2010-2015