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Andrew	
  Lih
http://andrewlih.com
Twitter:	
  Fuzheado	
  	
  
Email:	
  andrew@andrewlih.com
Video	
  Co-­‐creation	
  in	
  Collaborative	
  
Online	
  Communities
Wikisym	
  2013
August	
  5,	
  2013
Associate	
  professor
American	
  University
School	
  of	
  Communication
Monday, August 5, 13
Wikipedia and Video status
Video patterns
Experiments
Guidelines,Wikipedia portal
Ideas
by bored-now@flickr, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution NC License
Overview
Monday, August 5, 13
Andrew	
  Lih
andrew@andrewlih.com
Twitter:	
  Fuzheado
cle view sourcediscussion history
HOW A BUNCH OF NOBODIES
CREATED THE WORLD’S
GREATEST ENCYCLOPEDIA
“Imagine a world in which every single person
on the planet is given free access to the sum of
all human knowledge. That’s what we’re doing.”
—Jimmy Wales
With more than 2,000,000 individual articles on
everything from Aa! (a Japanese pop group) to
Zzyzx, California, written by an army of volunteer
contributors, Wikipedia is the #8 site on the World
Wide Web. Created (and corrected) by anyone with
access to a computer, this impressive assemblage
of knowledge is growing at an astonishing rate of
more than 30,000,000 words a month. Now for the
first time, a Wikipedia insider tells the story of how
it all happened—from the first glimmer of an idea to
the global phenomenon it’s become.
Andrew Lih has been an administrator (a trusted
user who is granted access to technical features)
at Wikipedia for more than four years, as well as a
regular host of the weekly Wikipedia podcast. In The
Wikipedia Revolution, he details the site’s inception
in 2001, its evolution, and its remarkable growth,
while also explaining its larger cultural repercussions.
Wikipedia is not just a website; it’s a global commu-
nity of contributors who have banded together out of
a shared passion for making knowledge free.
Featuring a Foreword by Wikipedia founder Jimmy
Wales and an Afterword that is itself a Wikipedia
creation.
U.S. $24.99
pedia Revolution
pedia, the free encyclopedia
navigation, search
s article is about the book. For the different, similar terms related to Wikipedia, see
ipedia (terminology).
Wikipedia’s non-encyclopedic visitor introduction, see Wikipedia:About.
Revolution (pronunciation ) is the story of the free,[1]
multilingual ency-
roject supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. The website’s name
anteau of the words wiki (a technology for creating collaborative websites) and
dia. Wikipedia’s 10 million articles have been written collaboratively by volun-
nd the world, and almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone who can
Wikipedia website.[2]
Launched in 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger,[3]
it
y the largest and most popular[1]
general reference work on the Internet.[4][5][6]
edia Revolution traces Wikipedia’s phenomenal success back to its roots, and
e people who have contributed to its stated mission of giving every single person
s to the sum of all human knowledge.
THEWIKIPEDIAREVOLUTIONANDREWLIH
HowaBunchofNobodies
CreatedtheWorld’s
GreatestEncyclopedia
ISBN: 978-1-4013-0371-6
A N D R E W L I H
e Introduction to The Wikipedia Revolution
edia founder, Jimmy Wales
ow, it’s hard not to use the Internet without experiencing Wikipedia in
s and surfing. It has become an incredibly useful Internet resource in
nguages. Yet when you use Wikipedia, you may not understand the
phy behind it.
book tells the story of how Wikipedia began and evolved from a traditional
pedia into the intricate global community that it is today.
Monday, August 5, 13
What I do
• Weekly roundtable on PBS MediaShift
podcast
• Technology features for KCET in Los
Angeles
Monday, August 5, 13
Video @ Wikimania
• Multimedia roundtable - Wednesday,
10 am. Fabrice Florin, WMF
[[Submissions/
Multimedia_Roundtable]]
• Towards a more visual encyclopedia -
Saturday, 1130am. Andrew Lih
• Wiki TV - Sunday, 200pm. Manuel
Schneider
Monday, August 5, 13
CHM
• Computer History Museum curation
advising - Wikipedia exhibit 2014
• Edit this Museum Exhibit @
Wikimania - Friday, 4pm.
Monday, August 5, 13
Wikipedia	
  video	
  status
Potential	
  for	
  great	
  video	
  storytelling
How	
  many	
  videos	
  in	
  Wikipedia	
  
articles?
Monday, August 5, 13
Wikipedia	
  video	
  status
Of	
  4.x	
  million	
  articles,	
  around	
  4,000
Only	
  0.1%
Only	
  0.03%	
  of	
  high	
  quality
Monday, August 5, 13
Wikipedia	
  video	
  status
Articles	
  on	
  [[soccer]]	
  and	
  
[[dance]]	
  -­‐	
  NO	
  VIDEO
Britannica	
  and	
  Encarta	
  are/were	
  
better	
  in	
  these	
  areas
Monday, August 5, 13
Ward Cunningham
This file is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License
Monday, August 5, 13
Citizen	
  Global
Video	
  co-­‐creation	
  using	
  mobile	
  app
“Footage	
  call”	
  to	
  the	
  crowd
Low	
  quality	
  submissions
Low	
  visual	
  literacy
Monday, August 5, 13
Citizen	
  Global
Monday, August 5, 13
Reading/writing	
  text
Reading Writing
Easy
Hard
Monday, August 5, 13
Video	
  creation
Watch video Produce video
Easy
Hard
Monday, August 5, 13
Video	
  experiments
MTV	
  UNfiltered	
  (1993-­‐1998)
Teens	
  and	
  Hi-­‐8	
  camcorders
Very	
  low	
  signal/noise	
  ratio
Monday, August 5, 13
Common mistakes
• “Uncle Murray” video
• Nauseating kids party style; painting the walls
• Bad framing
• Poor pans, zooms, tilts that fail to halt
• Badly lit scenes, backlight
• Too many wide shots, no closeups
• Not walking out of frame (Let my people go!)
Monday, August 5, 13
Desirable habits
• Hold a shot, treat it like a still camera
• Linger: create > 10 second long clips
• Panning: start steady, end steady
• Hands off the zoom
• Have sequences and alternatives in mind
• Meaningful, useful B-roll
Monday, August 5, 13
Journalism
Common	
  problem:	
  teaching	
  video	
  
storytelling
Solution:	
  BBC	
  5	
  shot	
  method
Wall	
  Street	
  Journal,	
  NY	
  Times
That’s	
  a	
  pattern!
Monday, August 5, 13
Solution
Wikis	
  started	
  out	
  to	
  share	
  
programming	
  patterns
How	
  about	
  video	
  patterns?
Provide	
  templates/direction	
  for	
  
content	
  creators
Monday, August 5, 13
News	
  Language
Monday, August 5, 13
Video	
  Grammar
The	
  Daily	
  Show
TV	
  Tropes
Community	
  (TV	
  show)
Monday, August 5, 13
Video	
  Grammar
Interview
B-­‐roll	
  -­‐	
  secondary	
  footage
Cutaway
Line	
  of	
  action
Rule	
  of	
  thirds
Monday, August 5, 13
BBC	
  5	
  Shot	
  method
Pattern	
  pioneered	
  by	
  Michael	
  
Rosenblum,	
  NYT	
  Television,	
  NY1,	
  
BBC,	
  CurrentTV
Monday, August 5, 13
Five	
  Shot	
  method
Closeup	
  on	
  hands
Closeup	
  on	
  face
Wide	
  shot
Over	
  the	
  shoulder
Unusual/side	
  shot
Monday, August 5, 13
25
Example:	
  Venice	
  Pier	
  Gets	
  its	
  
Fill
Monday, August 5, 13
Closeup of the
hands
Closeup of the
face
Wide shot
Over the
shoulder
Unusual/
alternative
WHAT!is!being!done?!
Mystery!is!good:!half!the!
frame!should!be!hands
WHO!is!doing!it?!
Show*TWO*EYES,*not*a*
profile*shot
WHERE!is!it!being!done?!
Respect*the*LINE*OF*ACTION
HOW!is!it!done?!
Combine*into*POVClike*shot
WHAT*ELSE!should!
viewer!know?
1
2
3
4
5
Monday, August 5, 13
Five	
  Shot	
  basics
Start	
  with	
  best	
  shot
Get	
  audience	
  to	
  ask	
  questions
Monday, August 5, 13
Why	
  it	
  works
Engages	
  audience	
  
Lighten	
  cognitive	
  load	
  with	
  good	
  
continuity
Monday, August 5, 13
Why	
  it	
  works
Sequence	
  always	
  cuts	
  together
Usable	
  B-­‐roll	
  all	
  the	
  time
Mystery	
  closeups	
  draw	
  viewers	
  in
Monday, August 5, 13
Method
Compels	
  shooters	
  to	
  get	
  close
Provides	
  known	
  game	
  plan
Frees	
  brain	
  for	
  story	
  decisions
Web	
  video	
  demands	
  closeups
Monday, August 5, 13
Wikipedia	
  video	
  status
How	
  do	
  we	
  use	
  this	
  to	
  get	
  more	
  video	
  
in	
  Wikipedia?
Monday, August 5, 13
Wiki	
  Makes	
  Video
Spring	
  video	
  contest
(Renamed	
  from	
  Lights	
  Camera	
  Wiki)
Challenge	
  for	
  low-­‐hanging	
  fruit	
  topics
Train	
  Wikimedians	
  on	
  video	
  literacy/
shooting
Monday, August 5, 13
Monday, August 5, 13
Tiers	
  of	
  Video
(Chet	
  Rhodes,	
  WaPost)
Tier	
  1	
  -­‐	
  one-­‐take,	
  raw	
  video
Tier	
  2	
  -­‐	
  light	
  production
Tier	
  3	
  -­‐	
  heavy	
  production
Monday, August 5, 13
Tier	
  1
Serbian	
  dessert
Monday, August 5, 13
Tier	
  2
Berlin	
  Wall
Monday, August 5, 13
Tier	
  2
Chris	
  Burden
Monday, August 5, 13
Tier	
  3
Tie	
  Dye
Monday, August 5, 13
Tier	
  3
Airstream
Monday, August 5, 13
Tier	
  3
Spring	
  roll
Monday, August 5, 13
Tier	
  3
Internet	
  Archive,	
  Brewster	
  Kahle
Monday, August 5, 13
Patterns
Food
Finished	
  dish
Ingredients
Prep
Cooking
Final	
  dish
Static	
  objects
Closeup
Wide	
  shot
Detail
Interesting/unusual
Finale
Human
Hands
Face
Wide
OTS
Unusual
Monday, August 5, 13
Wiki	
  Makes	
  Video	
  participation
Clip	
  -­‐	
  existing	
  archives
Shoot	
  -­‐	
  original	
  content
Suggest	
  -­‐	
  recommendations
Monday, August 5, 13
Challenges
Video	
  standards...
Open	
  source	
  standards	
  WebM	
  and	
  
Ogg	
  Theora	
  not	
  widely	
  used
No	
  collaborative	
  editing
Storage	
  of	
  intermediate	
  work?
Monday, August 5, 13
Video	
  Standards
Patent	
  encumbered/
proprietary
Open	
  source/open	
  standard
Codec/container AVCHD,	
  MPEG-­‐2,	
  MPEG-­‐4,	
  
Xvid,	
  AVI,	
  MOV
Ogg	
  Theora,	
  
WebM	
  (VP6)	
  -­‐	
  Google
Embedding Flash HTML5
Availability Out-­‐of-­‐the-­‐box	
  commercial	
  
support	
  (Apple,	
  Microsoft,	
  
Samsung,	
  Sony,	
  Panasonic,	
  
et	
  al)
Limited	
  codec	
  support	
  (iOS	
  
especially),	
  plugins	
  needed.	
  
Chrome	
  built-­‐in
Ubiquity Widespread,	
  both	
  
professionals	
  and	
  amateurs
Limited,	
  mostly	
  open	
  source	
  
communities
Monday, August 5, 13
Articles	
  Upgraded
Sandbag
Contact	
  lens
African	
  penguin
Longan
Space	
  shuttle
Airstream
Monday, August 5, 13
Wiki	
  Makes	
  Video
Define	
  sample	
  video	
  patterns
Identify	
  topic	
  areas	
  for	
  video
Train	
  novices	
  on	
  shooting/editing
Tutorial	
  on	
  uploading/embedding
Monday, August 5, 13
Video	
  Patterns
Five	
  shot	
  pattern	
  (BBC)
Food	
  pattern	
  (ingredients,	
  prep,	
  
product)
Monuments	
  pattern
Monday, August 5, 13
Prime	
  topics
Art/dance/sport	
  -­‐	
  bodies	
  in	
  motion
Food	
  -­‐	
  cross-­‐cultural
Monuments/architecture	
  -­‐	
  WLM
Wildcard
Monday, August 5, 13
Issues
Best	
  way	
  to	
  get	
  high	
  participation?
Best	
  way	
  to	
  describe	
  patterns?
Over-­‐instruction	
  is	
  a	
  risk
Best	
  way	
  to	
  track	
  progress,	
  tag?
Best	
  way	
  to	
  judge?
Monday, August 5, 13
Issues
Video	
  still	
  a	
  “singleton”	
  effort
Wikimedia	
  Foundation	
  had	
  a	
  video	
  
initiative	
  (circa	
  2009)
Partnered	
  with	
  Kaltura	
  for	
  web-­‐based	
  
collaborative	
  editing:	
  effort	
  stalled
Monday, August 5, 13
Issues
Legal	
  problem:	
  freedom	
  of	
  
panorama,	
  right	
  of	
  publicity
Probably	
  should	
  do	
  model	
  release	
  
forms	
  for	
  all	
  human	
  subjects
Public	
  art	
  copyright	
  confusion	
  
(ownership,	
  display,	
  et	
  al)
Monday, August 5, 13
Future	
  work
National	
  Geographic	
  2.0
Generic	
  XML-­‐based	
  “storyboard”	
  
language	
  for	
  patterns
Mobile	
  app
Collaborative	
  editing,	
  storing	
  
intermediate	
  work
Partners?
Monday, August 5, 13
Future	
  work
Apps	
  and	
  software-­‐assisted	
  
workflows
Monday, August 5, 13
Examples	
  for	
  Citizen	
  Journalism
CNN	
  iReport
Rawporter
Videolicious
Wikinews/Wikipedia
Monday, August 5, 13
Examples	
  for	
  video	
  apps
Vine
Instagram	
  video
Viddy
Monday, August 5, 13
Case:	
  Videolicious
Requesting	
  user-­‐generated	
  videos	
  
for	
  lifestyle	
  brands
Unfortunately,	
  text-­‐heavy	
  
descriptions
Monday, August 5, 13
58
Monday, August 5, 13
59
Monday, August 5, 13
60
#FAIL
Too	
  much	
  text	
  instruction
Wouldn’t	
  a	
  visual	
  system	
  be	
  desirable?
Monday, August 5, 13
Case:	
  Rawporter
Crowdsourced	
  videojournalism
#FAIL
Unclear	
  on	
  what	
  styles	
  of	
  
video	
  footage	
  desired	
  by	
  
news	
  organizations.
Clip-­‐based,	
  not	
  story-­‐
based.
Monday, August 5, 13
Materials
Field	
  checklists
http://andrewlih.com/blog
Monday, August 5, 13
Challenge
Checklist-­‐based,	
  two-­‐handed	
  operation	
  
can	
  be	
  cumbersome
Combine	
  these	
  two!
Monday, August 5, 13
Evolution
Paper	
  book
Text/Photo
Audio/Video
Media	
  capture,	
  
analysis,	
  transmission
•
Source:	
  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eucharius_R%C3%B6%C3%9Flin_Rosgarten_Titel.jpg
Monday, August 5, 13
Evolution
Paper	
  book E-­‐textbook
Text/Photo
Audio/Video
Media	
  capture,	
  
analysis,	
  transmission
• •
•
Source:	
  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eucharius_R%C3%B6%C3%9Flin_Rosgarten_Titel.jpg
Monday, August 5, 13
Evolution
Paper	
  book E-­‐textbook E-­‐workbook
Text/Photo
Audio/Video
Media	
  capture,	
  
analysis,	
  transmission
• • •
• •
•
Source:	
  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eucharius_R%C3%B6%C3%9Flin_Rosgarten_Titel.jpg
Monday, August 5, 13
Instead	
  of	
  paper	
  instruction...
Build	
  the	
  5	
  shot	
  method	
  into	
  device
iPad	
  screen	
  ridiculously	
  big,	
  so
take	
  advantage	
  of	
  its	
  UI	
  space
Monday, August 5, 13
Prototype	
  interfaces
Shot	
  list,	
  instruction	
  and	
  camera
Monday, August 5, 13
Prototype	
  interfaces
Analysis,	
  checklist,	
  camera	
  location
Monday, August 5, 13
Prototype	
  interfaces
Storyboard	
  of	
  shots	
  needed
Provide	
  instruction/analysis
54321
Hands Face OTSWide Unusual
Closeup on
face
WHO is doing it?
• Frame with rule of thirds
• Give “talk space” in front of eyes/nose.
• Can cut off top of head, but not the
chin.
• SHOW TWO EYES!
2
FRAMING
EYES
NOSEROOM
e-workbook
REC
Analyze
Module: BBC 5 Shot
Monday, August 5, 13
Interested	
  Parties
Vericorder
iPhone	
  hardware/software
Five	
  shot	
  materials	
  used	
  in	
  
video	
  training	
  at:
Notre	
  Dame	
  University,	
  
West	
  Virginia	
  University,	
  
WTOP	
  in	
  Washington	
  DC
Monday, August 5, 13
Android?
Investigating	
  Open	
  Data	
  Kit
(Apache	
  license)
Monday, August 5, 13
73
Monday, August 5, 13

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Wikisym 2013 - Video Co-creation in Collaborative Online Communities

  • 1. Andrew  Lih http://andrewlih.com Twitter:  Fuzheado     Email:  andrew@andrewlih.com Video  Co-­‐creation  in  Collaborative   Online  Communities Wikisym  2013 August  5,  2013 Associate  professor American  University School  of  Communication Monday, August 5, 13
  • 2. Wikipedia and Video status Video patterns Experiments Guidelines,Wikipedia portal Ideas by bored-now@flickr, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution NC License Overview Monday, August 5, 13
  • 3. Andrew  Lih andrew@andrewlih.com Twitter:  Fuzheado cle view sourcediscussion history HOW A BUNCH OF NOBODIES CREATED THE WORLD’S GREATEST ENCYCLOPEDIA “Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. That’s what we’re doing.” —Jimmy Wales With more than 2,000,000 individual articles on everything from Aa! (a Japanese pop group) to Zzyzx, California, written by an army of volunteer contributors, Wikipedia is the #8 site on the World Wide Web. Created (and corrected) by anyone with access to a computer, this impressive assemblage of knowledge is growing at an astonishing rate of more than 30,000,000 words a month. Now for the first time, a Wikipedia insider tells the story of how it all happened—from the first glimmer of an idea to the global phenomenon it’s become. Andrew Lih has been an administrator (a trusted user who is granted access to technical features) at Wikipedia for more than four years, as well as a regular host of the weekly Wikipedia podcast. In The Wikipedia Revolution, he details the site’s inception in 2001, its evolution, and its remarkable growth, while also explaining its larger cultural repercussions. Wikipedia is not just a website; it’s a global commu- nity of contributors who have banded together out of a shared passion for making knowledge free. Featuring a Foreword by Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales and an Afterword that is itself a Wikipedia creation. U.S. $24.99 pedia Revolution pedia, the free encyclopedia navigation, search s article is about the book. For the different, similar terms related to Wikipedia, see ipedia (terminology). Wikipedia’s non-encyclopedic visitor introduction, see Wikipedia:About. Revolution (pronunciation ) is the story of the free,[1] multilingual ency- roject supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. The website’s name anteau of the words wiki (a technology for creating collaborative websites) and dia. Wikipedia’s 10 million articles have been written collaboratively by volun- nd the world, and almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone who can Wikipedia website.[2] Launched in 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger,[3] it y the largest and most popular[1] general reference work on the Internet.[4][5][6] edia Revolution traces Wikipedia’s phenomenal success back to its roots, and e people who have contributed to its stated mission of giving every single person s to the sum of all human knowledge. THEWIKIPEDIAREVOLUTIONANDREWLIH HowaBunchofNobodies CreatedtheWorld’s GreatestEncyclopedia ISBN: 978-1-4013-0371-6 A N D R E W L I H e Introduction to The Wikipedia Revolution edia founder, Jimmy Wales ow, it’s hard not to use the Internet without experiencing Wikipedia in s and surfing. It has become an incredibly useful Internet resource in nguages. Yet when you use Wikipedia, you may not understand the phy behind it. book tells the story of how Wikipedia began and evolved from a traditional pedia into the intricate global community that it is today. Monday, August 5, 13
  • 4. What I do • Weekly roundtable on PBS MediaShift podcast • Technology features for KCET in Los Angeles Monday, August 5, 13
  • 5. Video @ Wikimania • Multimedia roundtable - Wednesday, 10 am. Fabrice Florin, WMF [[Submissions/ Multimedia_Roundtable]] • Towards a more visual encyclopedia - Saturday, 1130am. Andrew Lih • Wiki TV - Sunday, 200pm. Manuel Schneider Monday, August 5, 13
  • 6. CHM • Computer History Museum curation advising - Wikipedia exhibit 2014 • Edit this Museum Exhibit @ Wikimania - Friday, 4pm. Monday, August 5, 13
  • 7. Wikipedia  video  status Potential  for  great  video  storytelling How  many  videos  in  Wikipedia   articles? Monday, August 5, 13
  • 8. Wikipedia  video  status Of  4.x  million  articles,  around  4,000 Only  0.1% Only  0.03%  of  high  quality Monday, August 5, 13
  • 9. Wikipedia  video  status Articles  on  [[soccer]]  and   [[dance]]  -­‐  NO  VIDEO Britannica  and  Encarta  are/were   better  in  these  areas Monday, August 5, 13
  • 10. Ward Cunningham This file is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License Monday, August 5, 13
  • 11. Citizen  Global Video  co-­‐creation  using  mobile  app “Footage  call”  to  the  crowd Low  quality  submissions Low  visual  literacy Monday, August 5, 13
  • 14. Video  creation Watch video Produce video Easy Hard Monday, August 5, 13
  • 15. Video  experiments MTV  UNfiltered  (1993-­‐1998) Teens  and  Hi-­‐8  camcorders Very  low  signal/noise  ratio Monday, August 5, 13
  • 16. Common mistakes • “Uncle Murray” video • Nauseating kids party style; painting the walls • Bad framing • Poor pans, zooms, tilts that fail to halt • Badly lit scenes, backlight • Too many wide shots, no closeups • Not walking out of frame (Let my people go!) Monday, August 5, 13
  • 17. Desirable habits • Hold a shot, treat it like a still camera • Linger: create > 10 second long clips • Panning: start steady, end steady • Hands off the zoom • Have sequences and alternatives in mind • Meaningful, useful B-roll Monday, August 5, 13
  • 18. Journalism Common  problem:  teaching  video   storytelling Solution:  BBC  5  shot  method Wall  Street  Journal,  NY  Times That’s  a  pattern! Monday, August 5, 13
  • 19. Solution Wikis  started  out  to  share   programming  patterns How  about  video  patterns? Provide  templates/direction  for   content  creators Monday, August 5, 13
  • 21. Video  Grammar The  Daily  Show TV  Tropes Community  (TV  show) Monday, August 5, 13
  • 22. Video  Grammar Interview B-­‐roll  -­‐  secondary  footage Cutaway Line  of  action Rule  of  thirds Monday, August 5, 13
  • 23. BBC  5  Shot  method Pattern  pioneered  by  Michael   Rosenblum,  NYT  Television,  NY1,   BBC,  CurrentTV Monday, August 5, 13
  • 24. Five  Shot  method Closeup  on  hands Closeup  on  face Wide  shot Over  the  shoulder Unusual/side  shot Monday, August 5, 13
  • 25. 25 Example:  Venice  Pier  Gets  its   Fill Monday, August 5, 13
  • 26. Closeup of the hands Closeup of the face Wide shot Over the shoulder Unusual/ alternative WHAT!is!being!done?! Mystery!is!good:!half!the! frame!should!be!hands WHO!is!doing!it?! Show*TWO*EYES,*not*a* profile*shot WHERE!is!it!being!done?! Respect*the*LINE*OF*ACTION HOW!is!it!done?! Combine*into*POVClike*shot WHAT*ELSE!should! viewer!know? 1 2 3 4 5 Monday, August 5, 13
  • 27. Five  Shot  basics Start  with  best  shot Get  audience  to  ask  questions Monday, August 5, 13
  • 28. Why  it  works Engages  audience   Lighten  cognitive  load  with  good   continuity Monday, August 5, 13
  • 29. Why  it  works Sequence  always  cuts  together Usable  B-­‐roll  all  the  time Mystery  closeups  draw  viewers  in Monday, August 5, 13
  • 30. Method Compels  shooters  to  get  close Provides  known  game  plan Frees  brain  for  story  decisions Web  video  demands  closeups Monday, August 5, 13
  • 31. Wikipedia  video  status How  do  we  use  this  to  get  more  video   in  Wikipedia? Monday, August 5, 13
  • 32. Wiki  Makes  Video Spring  video  contest (Renamed  from  Lights  Camera  Wiki) Challenge  for  low-­‐hanging  fruit  topics Train  Wikimedians  on  video  literacy/ shooting Monday, August 5, 13
  • 34. Tiers  of  Video (Chet  Rhodes,  WaPost) Tier  1  -­‐  one-­‐take,  raw  video Tier  2  -­‐  light  production Tier  3  -­‐  heavy  production Monday, August 5, 13
  • 41. Tier  3 Internet  Archive,  Brewster  Kahle Monday, August 5, 13
  • 42. Patterns Food Finished  dish Ingredients Prep Cooking Final  dish Static  objects Closeup Wide  shot Detail Interesting/unusual Finale Human Hands Face Wide OTS Unusual Monday, August 5, 13
  • 43. Wiki  Makes  Video  participation Clip  -­‐  existing  archives Shoot  -­‐  original  content Suggest  -­‐  recommendations Monday, August 5, 13
  • 44. Challenges Video  standards... Open  source  standards  WebM  and   Ogg  Theora  not  widely  used No  collaborative  editing Storage  of  intermediate  work? Monday, August 5, 13
  • 45. Video  Standards Patent  encumbered/ proprietary Open  source/open  standard Codec/container AVCHD,  MPEG-­‐2,  MPEG-­‐4,   Xvid,  AVI,  MOV Ogg  Theora,   WebM  (VP6)  -­‐  Google Embedding Flash HTML5 Availability Out-­‐of-­‐the-­‐box  commercial   support  (Apple,  Microsoft,   Samsung,  Sony,  Panasonic,   et  al) Limited  codec  support  (iOS   especially),  plugins  needed.   Chrome  built-­‐in Ubiquity Widespread,  both   professionals  and  amateurs Limited,  mostly  open  source   communities Monday, August 5, 13
  • 46. Articles  Upgraded Sandbag Contact  lens African  penguin Longan Space  shuttle Airstream Monday, August 5, 13
  • 47. Wiki  Makes  Video Define  sample  video  patterns Identify  topic  areas  for  video Train  novices  on  shooting/editing Tutorial  on  uploading/embedding Monday, August 5, 13
  • 48. Video  Patterns Five  shot  pattern  (BBC) Food  pattern  (ingredients,  prep,   product) Monuments  pattern Monday, August 5, 13
  • 49. Prime  topics Art/dance/sport  -­‐  bodies  in  motion Food  -­‐  cross-­‐cultural Monuments/architecture  -­‐  WLM Wildcard Monday, August 5, 13
  • 50. Issues Best  way  to  get  high  participation? Best  way  to  describe  patterns? Over-­‐instruction  is  a  risk Best  way  to  track  progress,  tag? Best  way  to  judge? Monday, August 5, 13
  • 51. Issues Video  still  a  “singleton”  effort Wikimedia  Foundation  had  a  video   initiative  (circa  2009) Partnered  with  Kaltura  for  web-­‐based   collaborative  editing:  effort  stalled Monday, August 5, 13
  • 52. Issues Legal  problem:  freedom  of   panorama,  right  of  publicity Probably  should  do  model  release   forms  for  all  human  subjects Public  art  copyright  confusion   (ownership,  display,  et  al) Monday, August 5, 13
  • 53. Future  work National  Geographic  2.0 Generic  XML-­‐based  “storyboard”   language  for  patterns Mobile  app Collaborative  editing,  storing   intermediate  work Partners? Monday, August 5, 13
  • 54. Future  work Apps  and  software-­‐assisted   workflows Monday, August 5, 13
  • 55. Examples  for  Citizen  Journalism CNN  iReport Rawporter Videolicious Wikinews/Wikipedia Monday, August 5, 13
  • 56. Examples  for  video  apps Vine Instagram  video Viddy Monday, August 5, 13
  • 57. Case:  Videolicious Requesting  user-­‐generated  videos   for  lifestyle  brands Unfortunately,  text-­‐heavy   descriptions Monday, August 5, 13
  • 60. 60 #FAIL Too  much  text  instruction Wouldn’t  a  visual  system  be  desirable? Monday, August 5, 13
  • 61. Case:  Rawporter Crowdsourced  videojournalism #FAIL Unclear  on  what  styles  of   video  footage  desired  by   news  organizations. Clip-­‐based,  not  story-­‐ based. Monday, August 5, 13
  • 63. Challenge Checklist-­‐based,  two-­‐handed  operation   can  be  cumbersome Combine  these  two! Monday, August 5, 13
  • 64. Evolution Paper  book Text/Photo Audio/Video Media  capture,   analysis,  transmission • Source:  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eucharius_R%C3%B6%C3%9Flin_Rosgarten_Titel.jpg Monday, August 5, 13
  • 65. Evolution Paper  book E-­‐textbook Text/Photo Audio/Video Media  capture,   analysis,  transmission • • • Source:  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eucharius_R%C3%B6%C3%9Flin_Rosgarten_Titel.jpg Monday, August 5, 13
  • 66. Evolution Paper  book E-­‐textbook E-­‐workbook Text/Photo Audio/Video Media  capture,   analysis,  transmission • • • • • • Source:  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eucharius_R%C3%B6%C3%9Flin_Rosgarten_Titel.jpg Monday, August 5, 13
  • 67. Instead  of  paper  instruction... Build  the  5  shot  method  into  device iPad  screen  ridiculously  big,  so take  advantage  of  its  UI  space Monday, August 5, 13
  • 68. Prototype  interfaces Shot  list,  instruction  and  camera Monday, August 5, 13
  • 69. Prototype  interfaces Analysis,  checklist,  camera  location Monday, August 5, 13
  • 70. Prototype  interfaces Storyboard  of  shots  needed Provide  instruction/analysis 54321 Hands Face OTSWide Unusual Closeup on face WHO is doing it? • Frame with rule of thirds • Give “talk space” in front of eyes/nose. • Can cut off top of head, but not the chin. • SHOW TWO EYES! 2 FRAMING EYES NOSEROOM e-workbook REC Analyze Module: BBC 5 Shot Monday, August 5, 13
  • 71. Interested  Parties Vericorder iPhone  hardware/software Five  shot  materials  used  in   video  training  at: Notre  Dame  University,   West  Virginia  University,   WTOP  in  Washington  DC Monday, August 5, 13
  • 72. Android? Investigating  Open  Data  Kit (Apache  license) Monday, August 5, 13