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Academic, Activist, or Entertainer?
Balancing Multiple Objectives in the Design of Environmental
Games for Adults




Paul F. Steinberg
Harvey Mudd College


                                                               1
The Social Rules Project




                           2
The Social Rules Project
Sweater is from Pakistan          Tropical hardwood trim              Windows conform with               Knowledge base facilitated by legal
following 2005 international      from illegally harvested            American Society for Testing       prohibition against sex discrimination in
trade rules to eliminate quotas   Indonesian timber absent            and Materials standard E283-04     education. (Title IX, Education
and favor low-cost producers      effective national policies         test method for air leakage        Amendments of 1972, US Code)



Wall materials meet National                                                                                           Language of thought due to
Fire Protection Association                                                                                            compulsory English language
testing standard # 251                                                                                                 instruction in school


Patrons must exit building by                                                                                          Employees must wash hands
10 pm or face trespassing                                                                                              before returning to work.
charges

                                                                                                                       Makeup may contain lead but
Blood contains chemical                                                                                                not mercury under Food and
bisphenol A from plastics                                                                                              Drug Administration rules
banned in Canada and Europe
but allowed in US
                                                                                                                       Adheres to cultural norms for
                                                                                                                       gender appropriate clothing
DNA: Father immigrated
from China after 1965 repeal
of the US Asian Exclusion                                                                                              Coffee purchasing agreement
Act of 1924.                                                                                                           for certified fair trade beans



Book content protected by         Recycled paper                US Patriot Act allows       Wood table finish          Cafe owner protected by state
copyright law, constitutional     meets EPA water               cell phone wiretap          protected by US            law limiting personal liability
guarantee of free speech          effluent standards            without a warrant           patent # 3758427           for corporate debt


                                                                                                                                                     3
The Social Rules Project

Academic
Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad
audience




                                                                       4
The Social Rules Project

Academic
Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad
audience


          Google scholar:

          <institutional + institutions>: 2.5 million publications




                                                                       5
The Social Rules Project

Academic
Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad
audience


          Google scholar:

          <institutional + institutions>: 2.5 million publications

          + conservation:                304,000 publications




                                                                       6
The Social Rules Project

Academic
Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad
audience

Activist
Nudge people beyond the current obsession with small, individual actions




                                                                           7
The Social Rules Project

Academic
Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad
audience

Activist
Nudge people beyond the current obsession with small, individual actions

Entertainer
...through compelling multi-media approaches

           animation          social media website
           video game         trade book


                                                                           8
Green Dominion




The Earth’s tropical forests are being destroyed. According to the UN
Food and Agriculture Organization, every year 7 million hectares - an
area the size of Panama - is cleared for agriculture, roads, and
settlements.

What will it take to reverse these trends?

Play to find out.
                                                                        9
Rules for managing common-pool resources

Advantages

       Large empirical literature to draw on

       “Local” rulemaking is tangible

       Popular topic in college courses




                                               10
My Love,

Please return to the village right away - I need
your help.

I am sorry to interrupt your studies. But there
is much I have not told you. The forests here
are dying. The people don’t even talk to each
other anymore.

And your father…

Please hurry.

Love,
Mom

                                                   11
12
13
14
15
The community has new rules!

        But... the central government isn’t happy about it

        [pass new national legislation]


The community has real decision-making power!

        But... they are harvesting too heavily absent economic
        incentives to conserve

        [payment for environmental services rules]




                                                                 16
Strengths

          Rich in content
          Balances entertainment and education
                     captive audience in classroom
                     players will want more than ‘fun’
          Provides value to faculty/students on a popular topic

Weaknesses

          Whatever happened to activism?
                    Remote from experience of most players in
Europe/North America
                    Future level: urban setting in wealthy country?

          Story coherence can distract from core concept


                                                                      17
Advice for educators and activists experimenting with gaming

Know your audience

Identify and prioritize learning goals

Experiment, assess, revise

Put on the director’s hat – be a full participant in the creative
process




                                                                    18
19

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Academic, Activist or Entertainer? Balancing Objectives in the Design of Environmental Games for Adults. Paul Steinberg, Harvey Mudd College.

  • 1. Academic, Activist, or Entertainer? Balancing Multiple Objectives in the Design of Environmental Games for Adults Paul F. Steinberg Harvey Mudd College 1
  • 2. The Social Rules Project 2
  • 3. The Social Rules Project Sweater is from Pakistan Tropical hardwood trim Windows conform with Knowledge base facilitated by legal following 2005 international from illegally harvested American Society for Testing prohibition against sex discrimination in trade rules to eliminate quotas Indonesian timber absent and Materials standard E283-04 education. (Title IX, Education and favor low-cost producers effective national policies test method for air leakage Amendments of 1972, US Code) Wall materials meet National Language of thought due to Fire Protection Association compulsory English language testing standard # 251 instruction in school Patrons must exit building by Employees must wash hands 10 pm or face trespassing before returning to work. charges Makeup may contain lead but Blood contains chemical not mercury under Food and bisphenol A from plastics Drug Administration rules banned in Canada and Europe but allowed in US Adheres to cultural norms for gender appropriate clothing DNA: Father immigrated from China after 1965 repeal of the US Asian Exclusion Coffee purchasing agreement Act of 1924. for certified fair trade beans Book content protected by Recycled paper US Patriot Act allows Wood table finish Cafe owner protected by state copyright law, constitutional meets EPA water cell phone wiretap protected by US law limiting personal liability guarantee of free speech effluent standards without a warrant patent # 3758427 for corporate debt 3
  • 4. The Social Rules Project Academic Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad audience 4
  • 5. The Social Rules Project Academic Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad audience Google scholar: <institutional + institutions>: 2.5 million publications 5
  • 6. The Social Rules Project Academic Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad audience Google scholar: <institutional + institutions>: 2.5 million publications + conservation: 304,000 publications 6
  • 7. The Social Rules Project Academic Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad audience Activist Nudge people beyond the current obsession with small, individual actions 7
  • 8. The Social Rules Project Academic Make the research literature on “institutions” accessible to a broad audience Activist Nudge people beyond the current obsession with small, individual actions Entertainer ...through compelling multi-media approaches animation social media website video game trade book 8
  • 9. Green Dominion The Earth’s tropical forests are being destroyed. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, every year 7 million hectares - an area the size of Panama - is cleared for agriculture, roads, and settlements. What will it take to reverse these trends? Play to find out. 9
  • 10. Rules for managing common-pool resources Advantages Large empirical literature to draw on “Local” rulemaking is tangible Popular topic in college courses 10
  • 11. My Love, Please return to the village right away - I need your help. I am sorry to interrupt your studies. But there is much I have not told you. The forests here are dying. The people don’t even talk to each other anymore. And your father… Please hurry. Love, Mom 11
  • 12. 12
  • 13. 13
  • 14. 14
  • 15. 15
  • 16. The community has new rules! But... the central government isn’t happy about it [pass new national legislation] The community has real decision-making power! But... they are harvesting too heavily absent economic incentives to conserve [payment for environmental services rules] 16
  • 17. Strengths Rich in content Balances entertainment and education captive audience in classroom players will want more than ‘fun’ Provides value to faculty/students on a popular topic Weaknesses Whatever happened to activism? Remote from experience of most players in Europe/North America Future level: urban setting in wealthy country? Story coherence can distract from core concept 17
  • 18. Advice for educators and activists experimenting with gaming Know your audience Identify and prioritize learning goals Experiment, assess, revise Put on the director’s hat – be a full participant in the creative process 18
  • 19. 19