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CONDUCTING POLYMERS
Introduction to Polymers
Polymer basics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Organic polymers - few examples Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) (-C 2 H 3 Cl-) n Vinyl chloride n(C 2 H 3 Cl) Polyethylene (-C 2 H 4 -) n Ethylene n(C 2 H 4 )  Polymer obtained Monomer unit
Classification based on temperature ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],H OH + H OH O CH 2 +  H 2 O
Discovery of conducting polymers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conductivity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classification of conducting polymers
Electron-conducting polymers Polyacetylene ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Conduction mechanism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Travel of a soliton by bipolaron mechanism
Contrast between isomers of polyacetylene 170`C 10^-7 trans -77`C 10^-13 cis structure Obtainable temperature Conductivity (siemens/cm) isomer
Reasons of trans’ stability ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stability(contd.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Doping in polyacetylene ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],- e + ClO 4 (-) + ClO 4 (-) + e + Na(+) (-) Na(+)
Method of doping   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Doping with Iodine
Effect of dopant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Plot of conductivity vs doping ,[object Object],200 100 0.0 0.1 0.2 Doping level (dopant/CH unit) Conductivity (S/cm)
Polypyrrole ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Structure
Disadvantages of polypyrrole ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Various Applications
Coatings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sensors(to gases and solns.) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Polymeric Ferroelectric RAM(PFRAM) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Biocompatible Polymers ,[object Object],[object Object]
Batteries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Displays ,[object Object],[object Object]
Conductive Adhesive ,[object Object],[object Object]
Current Status
Problem areas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
New Developments ,[object Object],[object Object]

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conducting polymers