Introduction to Using PHP & MVC Frameworks

From Spaghetti to MVC
Hanafiah Yahya

Who is Hanafiah Yahya?
● Muhamad Hanafiah Bin Yahya
● Digital Immigrants generations
● Started programming, 1997 - MIRC script, VBA, Pascal,
● https://my.linkedin.com/in/hanafiahyahya

http://www.kreydle.com/academy/

Kreydle Academy
● CSR - Corporate social responsibility
● Non profit initiative…
● We contribute back to community
● Helping Graduates Gain the competitive
edge
● fill in the gap between university and what
industry really want
● Its free for student

Kreydle Academy
● Want to contribute?
● Help us spread the word. share with your
friends on twitter, facebook, blog and any
medium that you have
● or Join us as guest speaker
http://www.kreydle.com/academy/

http://www.kreydle.com/internship/

Topics
1. Spaghetti Code
2. MVC introduction
3. PHP MVC frameworks
4. Working with CodeIgniter
5. Config
6. Model
7. View
8. Controller
9. Continue your journey

Survey
1. Home many students/fresh graduate here?
2. Code in PHP?
3. Used MVC?

http://www.venicecafechicago.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/venicea01.jpg
Spaghetti

Why Spaghetti? - metaphor
Things get really messy when connecting each
other

back to the invention of
http://i144.photobucket.com/albums/r166/Funnyoldlife/tin-can-telephone.jpg
A
B

Formula
# Phones # Lines/ Connections
2 1
3 3
4 6
5 10
10 45
20 190
1000 ?

Formula
# Phones # Lines
10 45
20 190
1000 499,500
Formula
#Lines = ( p * ( p - 1 ) ) / 2
*p = phone

Spaghetti Code
1) Spaghetti code is a specific [ goto 8 ]
2) written in order, but splattered [ goto 9 ]
3) allowed to jump to a specific [ goto 7 ]
4) the goto statement, which [ goto 3 ]
5) a set of instructions is not [ goto 2 ]
6) spaghetti. It often refers to [ goto 4 ]
7) line of code. [ end ]
8) kind of bad coding, where [ goto 5 ]
9) all over the place ( like a knotted [ goto 6 ] )

Solution? better design pattern
HUB

Result
# Phones # Lines
2 1
3 3
4 6
5 10
10 45
20 190
1000 499,500
# Phones # Lines
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
10 10
20 20
1000 1000
Original Refactor

MVC
Heroes
http://www.helenbrowngroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/info-pro-as-superman.jpg

Enough Theory!
Lets see some code

Business Logic
Presentation
Presentation

Spaghetti Code
http://masterphp.local/spaghetti/
https://github.
com/hanafiah/masterphp/tree/master/spaghetti

History
Invented in 1979 by Smalltalk programmers,
Trygve Reenskaug
It is software design pattern
http://heim.ifi.uio.no/~trygver/themes/mvc/mvc-index.html

History
1979?.. so old
Made popular by Ruby On Rails
initial release on 2005 and
adapted by PHP community
https://upload.wikimedia.org/...n_Rails.svg.png

Why MVC?
● Organized & structured
● Separation of code
● loose coupling
● Easy code maintenance
● Reusable code. DRY - Don’t Repeat
Yourself

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees
- Represent Knowledge
- Manages data, logic and rules of the application.
- Business Logic

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees
- The output, whats user see.
- Visual represent of the Model
- Presentation layer

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees
the middleman / link between user and
the system

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees
The flow

http://www.makemark.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/infooverload_full.jpg

PHP MVC Frameworks
1. CodeIgniter
2. Laravel
3. Symfony
4. CakePHP
5. FuelPHP
6. YII
7. … more

Why CodeIgniter
Why not CakePHP or Laravel or Symfony or
FuelPHP or YII or Zend Framework or Kohana
or Zoop or Akelos or PHP on Trax or Prado or
Seagull or …?

Why CodeIgniter
Because you’ve gotta pick one

That being said, CI is
not dead!
● easy to understand
● simple, doesn't require advance OOP
● quick to get up and running
● good docs

CodeIgniter is a powerful PHP framework with
a very small footprint, built for developers who
need a simple and elegant toolkit to create full-
featured web applications.
CodeIgniter
http://www.codeigniter.com

Config - database
application/config/database.php

$db['default'] = array(
'dsn' => '',
'hostname' => 'localhost',
'username' => 'root',
'password' => '',
'database' => ‘master_php’,
'dbdriver' => 'mysqli',
'dbprefix' => '',
'pconnect' => FALSE,
'db_debug' => TRUE,
'cache_on' => FALSE,
'cachedir' => '',
'char_set' => 'utf8',
'dbcollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
'swap_pre' => '',
'encrypt' => FALSE,
'compress' => FALSE,
'stricton' => FALSE,
'failover' => array(),
'save_queries' => TRUE
);
http://www.codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/configuration.html
<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$dbname = 'master_php';
$user = 'root';
$pass = '';
try {
// Connecting to MySQL
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:
host=$host;dbname=$dbname", $user,
$pass);

Config - autoload
application/config/autoload.php

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees
http://www.codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/models.html

Models
application/models/m_users.php

<?php
public function get_users()
{
$query = $this->db->get('users');
return $query->result();
}
<?php
// Get all users
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("SELECT * FROM users");
$stmt->setFetchMode(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
if ($stmt->execute()) {
while ($row = $stmt->fetch()) {
Model - Get all users

<?php
public function insert()
{
$this->name = $this->input->post('name'); //
similar to $_POST['name'];
$this->age = $this->input->post('age');
$this->email = $this->input->post('email');
$this->db->insert('users', $this);
}
<?php
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("INSERT INTO users ( name,
age, email ) values ( :name, :age, :email )");
$stmt->bindParam(':name', $name, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':age', $age, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->bindParam(':email', $email, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$name = $_POST['name'];
$age = $_POST['age'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$stmt->execute();
Model - Add new user

<?php
public function update()
{
$this->name = $this->input->post('name'); //
similar to $_POST['name'];
$this->age = $this->input->post('age');
$this->email = $this->input->post('email');
$this->db->update('users', $this, array('id' =>
$this->input->post('id')));
}
<?php
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("UPDATE users SET name = :
name, age = :age, email = :email WHERE id = :id");
$stmt->bindParam(':name', $name, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':age', $age, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->bindParam(':email', $email, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindParam(':id', $id, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$name = $_POST['name'];
$age = $_POST['age'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$id = $_POST['id'];
$stmt->execute();
Model - Edit user

<?php
public function delete($id = FALSE)
{
$this->db->delete('users', array('id' => $id));
}
<?php
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("DELETE FROM users WHERE id =
:id LIMIT 1");
$stmt->bindParam(':id', $id, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$id = $_GET['delete'];
$stmt->execute();
Model - Delete user

Model
github repo
https://github.
com/hanafiah/masterphp/blob/master/mvc/application/mod
els/m_users.php
https://github.

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees
http://www.codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/views.html

3 View files
application/views/*

<?php
foreach ($users as $user) {
?>
<tr>
<td><?php echo $user->id; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $user->name; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $user->age; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $user->email; ?></td>
<td>
...
<?php
// Get all users
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("SELECT * FROM users");
$stmt->setFetchMode(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
if ($stmt->execute()) {
while ($row = $stmt->fetch()) {
?>
<tr>
<td><?php echo $row['id']; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row['name']; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row['age']; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row['email']; ?></td>
<td>
...
Views - listing

View
github repo
https://github.
com/hanafiah/masterphp/tree/master/mvc/application/views
https://github.

Model
View Controller
User
Uses
ManipulateUpdates
Sees
http://www.codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/controllers.html

Controller
A Controller is simply a class file that is named
in a way that can be associated with a URI.

Relation with url
http://example.com/index.php/CLASS/METHOD/PARAM
http://masterphp.local/mvc/index.php/users/edit/2
<?php
class Users extends CI_Controller {
public function edit($id=FALSE)
{
if (isset($_POST['btnEdit'])) {
$this->m_users->update();
redirect('users');
}
$this->view_data['user'] = $this->m_users->get_user($id);
$this->load->view('v_edit_user', $this->view_data);
}

Relation with url
http://example.com/index.php/CLASS/METHOD/PARAM1/PARAM2
http://masterphp.local/mvc/index.php/users/edit/2/3
<?php
class Users extends CI_Controller {
public function edit($id=FALSE, $param = ‘’)
{
if (isset($_POST['btnEdit'])) {
$this->m_users->update();
redirect('users');
}
$this->view_data['user'] = $this->m_users->get_user($id);
$this->load->view('v_edit_user', $this->view_data);
}

Controller
git repo
https://github.
com/hanafiah/masterphp/blob/master/mvc/application/contr
ollers/users.php

pretty url
http://masterphp.local/mvc/users/edit/2
1. add .htaccess to root directory
/applications
/index.php
/.htaccess
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L]

pretty url
http://masterphp.local/mvc/users/edit/2
2. edit config file and delete index.php
applications/config/config.php
<?php
$config['index_page'] = 'index.php';
become
$config['index_page'] = '';

Continue your journey
1. Library - the classes
2. Helpers - set of functions eg: url, {
base_url(), site_url(), anchor() }
3. Database Classes & Helper
4. Custom URL Routing
5. more..

http://suttonschoolswork.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/questionmark.jpg

https://www.facebook.com/kreydle

Thank You
Slide
https://goo.gl/dzfn0D
repo
https://github.com/hanafiah/masterphp
https://www.facebook.com/hanafiah.yahya
hanafiah@kreydle.com

Introduction to Using PHP & MVC Frameworks

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