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forward to basics
willem jan snel
mobility space is an important topic in
architecture and urban planning
Justus van Effenblok Rotterdam
Social Housing, 1922
architect Michiel Brinkman
city blocks as networks
space for the dairyman
development of a new set of instruments. The current world belongs to a different kind
of person with a different kind of mind. It demands new solutions in mobility towards
sharpening its effectiveness and in the preparation of societies to participate in an
increasingly diverse world, in which flexibility is becoming a pre-eminent skill.
The extensive experience Mecanoo gained over more than 30 years results in designs
and strategies that are realized with technical expertise and great attention to detail.
The broad spectrum of Mecanoo’s projects allows the office to be creative and
innovative in the search for new solutions, approaching each design problem with new
vigour and enthusiasm..
Pink, D., the conceptual age, 1995
1800 1900 2100
2007: credit crunch
Conceptual age
Information Age
Industrial Age
Agriculture Age
2000
1902 - 1922
planning a healthy city
introducing housing law
social housing projects rotterdam
good basics for daily live
mecanoo
mobility
7
The managed city
The managed city is the old urban structure that is still present, but had become hidden
from view by traffic signs, parking prevention bollards, shop displays, bike racks, rubbish
containers, glass containers, advertising signs and terraces. One of the important means
to recover the image of the city is to formulate rules, for example concerning pavement.
In mean time the city is covered with over three million sand yellow clinkers and lines of
old, glimmering granite boulders and smooth, blue cindered scoria bricks. As a result the
city looks more homogeneous.
mecanoo, early years
groningen
The characteristic city
The characteristic city is the city of the postcards. It is the city of the places that stick in
the memory of residents and visitors: the Grote Markt, the Vismarkt, the ring of canals.
These locations have to be emphasised in defining the public space of the city.
The hidden city
The hidden city exists of the courtyards and gardens that hide from sight in the urban
structure of the controlled city. They lead an introverted, ‘quiet’ life, far from the bustle
and constantly changing image of the city. Little has changed in the Hidden City in the
course of centuries. There is no reason at all to change any of it at the moment.
The expressive city
The expressive city indicates those rare points where an exuberant, trendy design of
the public space is in place. This is where the city radiates its vitality and élan. The sites
have often been bottlenecks in the city for years. An example is the gradually ascending
terrace in the middle of the Poelestraat. For this terrace an attractive, steel pergola has
been designed. It refers to the old city gate that used to be in this spot.
be put into words.2
The book describes twenty projects. Ten statements – on thin,
fragile Japanese paper – encapsulate the views upon which I base this proposition.
Or to put it a better way, perhaps, they clarify what I am seeking. The fifth statement is
on the aesthetics of mobility. The twentieth project describes ‘A room with a view’. I will
attempt to explain why the architect of the Library and the Master Plan of the Technical
University of Delft is introducing a subject like the aesthetics of mobility.
CORRIDOR ROUTE
visioning on mobility as a whole: a room with a view
The art of integral engineering and
the aesthetics of mobility (1999)
mecanoo
mobility
3
The routes need not just vision and direction, but more importantly a client to commis-
sion them.
In the period that follows, administrators in the Netherlands seem to rise to the
challenge and accept the responsibility of taking on the role of client in commissioning
the great mobility axes. To me, this illustrates the unique architectural climate in the
Netherlands, so admired abroad.
Las Vegas
Bali
La Defense
Ecoviaduct
Ruhrgebiet
The vast landscape
Time: Zuiderzee route (1999)
A characteristic of the route to the north is the interplay of infrastructure lines
– motorway, railway, power lines, waterways and dikes. A conspicuous feature of the
polder landscape is that the motorway network runs not quite parallel to the other lines.
The railway, the motorway and the power lines play a sort of game of ‘attract and repel’
with one another. As you ride along, at times you see them all and at times they suddenly
Goud
betw
zones
The m
In this
By rai
re-est
Circui
8,5 km
five m
after
Golde
same
ance o
ways.
July200
Panoram
PANORAMA’SAND
PERFORATIONS
wetcorridor
gradient
conservation
intensification
enhancement
Experience: Le Grand Projet
Bijlmerpark (2003)
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Bijlmerpark (2003)
mecanoo
mobility
57
Transferhub Bleizo (2010)
Transferhub Bleizo (2010)
mecanoo
mobility
58
Transferhub Bleizo (2010)
mitigating traffic through design
luxemburg stad (2011)
mitigating traffic through design
luxemburg stad (2011)
mitigating traffic through design
luxemburg stad (2011)
CYCLING
WORK
MOBI
LITY
KNOWLEDGE
QUALITY
OF
LIFE
MULTIMODALITY
LAND
SCAPE
BUILT
ENVIRONMENT
Utrecht
Amsterdam
Maastricht
Eindhoven
S’Hertogenbosch
A2 study (2013)
A2 study (2013)
parijs
berlijn
milaan
budapest
rome
lyon
barcelona
londen
manchester
kopenhagen
stockholm
keulen
brussel
parijs
londen
hamburg
lille
brussel
luik
HSL
ICE
keulen
intercity
direct
eurostar
The A2 highway is intersecting the diverse Dutch landscape: the low and flat lands in the
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
mecanoo
de diagonaal
38
juli2012
urbanlifestyles
wonen wonen werken werken
stadshart zakencentrum
recreëren
ommeland buitenwijk
buiten
Alex
Babette
Gijs
recreëren recreëren
cultuurcentrum
Weergave van leefpatroon van perso-
na’sindekenniseconomie,verspreiding
vanactiviteitenintensiteitoverstad.
A2 study (2013)
different lifestyles
A2 study (2013)
1 km
€100.000.000
€1.000.000
November2013
Januari2014
researchoncyclingtransition
Cycling has become both a symbol and a catalyst for the transition in mobility towards
sustainable development. Cities acknowledge that a city needs people and public space
and less dominance by vehicles and asphalt. People want liveable cities. They increasin-
gly change their preferences regarding travel behaviour from car ownership to vehicle
sharing and active transport. Cycling becomes a pleasure, even sexy. Cycling pays a
significant contribution to sustainable mobility, serving the mobility needs of all people.
Cycling inclusive planning makes transport interventions more effective, in social and
economic terms, with less negative impact on health, the environment and the climate.
Cycling evokes creative thinking on the urban fabric and health.
x billion km
54
10
6
18
30
12
6
31
work
business meetings
personal care
shopping
visits
education
leisure
socializing
50% of the car journey’s
are shorten than 7,5 km
car
public transport
slow traffic
remaining
mecanoo and cycling
mecanoo and cycling
office mobility
mecanoo: een kleine kenniseconomie
kantoormobiliteit
mecanoo and cycling
office mobility
nieuwe werkelijkheid
trendbreuk
mobility is changing
family and kids
(tricycles/minibikes)
WHAT´S ON A BIKE PATH?
≠ SPEED, RYTHM AND MANOEUVRABILITY!
city-commuting-folding bikes
road bikes-mountan bikes-BMX bikes
recreational cycling
tandems
walking-jogging
transport-delivery-postpolice-security
sightseeing/tour bikes
motorbikes and scooters
velomobiles
electric vehicles-segways
handbikes-secumbent bikes
wheelchairs-limited mobility
tricycles-adults bikes
kick scooters-rollers-skates
cycling 2014researchoncyclingtransition:whatisonabikepath?avarietyofusers
lifestyle, health, increasing amount of elderly, rise of ebikes
There is nothing like bad weather
het nieuwe reizen
intergraal denken: slecht weer bestaat niet, slechte kleding wel
het nieuwe reizen
intergraal denken: slecht weer bestaat niet, slechte kleding wel
new diversity - demand for new sorts of roads
nieuwe werkelijkheid
succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter
nieuwe werkelijkheid
succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter
nieuwe werkelijkheid
succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter
nieuwe werkelijkheid
succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter
nieuwe werkelijkheid
succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achternieuwe werkelijkheid
succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter
amsterdam,thenetherlands
Amsterdam
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.1
average number per home
42%
8%
33%
bicycle
bus,train, metro
Madrid
24%
of all car trips in madrid
are shorter than 5 km
0.6%
using their bikes for their daily commute
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
21%
11%
1%
2%
1%
39%
24%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
walking
14%
car
other
2%
41%34%
bus,train, metro
walking
24,4%
car/motor
0.6%
bicycle
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
seguridad vial madrid
seguridad vial madrid
186 KM
of bike paths.
seguridad vial madrid
plan director movilidad ciclista madrid
m
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.1
average number per home
42%
8%
33%
bicycle
bus,train, metro
Madrid
24%
of all car trips in madrid
are shorter than 5 km
0.6%
using their bikes for their daily commute
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
21%
11%
1%
2%
1%
39%
24%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
walking
14%
car
other
2%
41%34%
bus,train, metro
walking
24,4%
car/motor
0.6%
bicycle
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
seguridad vial madrid
seguridad vial madrid
186 KM
of bike paths.
seguridad vial madrid
plan director movilidad ciclista madrid
7,5 km bike range
15 km e-bike range
Cycling along the Amsterdam canals, a normal daily activity.
Pedestrians en cyclist vondelpark, Amsterdam
copenhagen,denmark
Amsterdam
enhagen
32%
of all car trips in copenhagen
are shorter than 5 km
36%
of all trips to work and education
in copenhagen is done by bicycle.
cycling embassy dk
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.1
average number per home
1.2
average Number per home
36%
33%
25%
6%
bicyclecar
walking
90,000 T
CO per year saved by cycling
in copenhagen at present rate
2
42%
8%
33%
bicycle
bus,train, metro
cycling embassy dk
56% It’s faster
37% It’s my convenient
29% It’s cheap
26% It’s healthy
12% well-being/good way to start the dayof all families with 2 children
have a cargo bike. Of all
Madrid
2
o
a
0
u
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
21%
11%
1%
2%
1%
39%
24%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
390 KM
of bike paths.
city of copenhagen
walking
bus,train, metro
14%
car
other
2%
cycling embassy dk
city of copenhagen
city of copenhagen
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
se
se
1
o
se
Amsterdam
32%
f all car trips in copenhagen
re shorter than 5 km
36%
f all trips to work and education
n copenhagen is done by bicycle.
cling embassy dk
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.1
average number per home
1.2
verage Number per home
36%
33%
25%
6%
bicyclecar
walking
90,000 T
O per year saved by cycling
n copenhagen at present rate
2
42%
8%
33%
bicycle
bus,train, metro
cycling embassy dk
56% It’s faster
37% It’s my convenient
29% It’s cheap
26% It’s healthy
12% well-being/good way to start the day
9% new job/relocation
of all families with 2 children
have a cargo bike. Of all
households with a cargo bike,
17% have one in place of a car.
28%
Madrid
24%
of all car trips
are shorter tha
0.6%
using their bik
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
21%
11%
1%
2%
1%
39%
24%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
390 KM
f bike paths.
y of copenhagen
walking
bus,train, metro
14%
car
other
2%
cling embassy dk
y of copenhagen
y of copenhagen
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
seguridad vial madrid
seguridad vial madrid
186 KM
of bike paths.
seguridad vial madrid
Amsterdam
Copenhagen
32%
of all car trips in copenhagen
are shorter than 5 km
36%
of all trips to work and education
in copenhagen is done by bicycle.
cycling embassy dk
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.1
average number per home
1.2
average Number per home
36%
33%
25%
6%
bicyclecar
walking
90,000 T
CO per year saved by cycling
in copenhagen at present rate
2
42%
8%
33%
b
cycling embassy dk
56% It’s faster
37% It’s my convenient
29% It’s cheap
26% It’s healthy
12% well-being/good way to start the day
9% new job/relocation
5% environmental/climate concerns
of all families with 2 children
have a cargo bike. Of all
households with a cargo bike,
17% have one in place of a car.
28%
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
390 KM
of bike paths.
city of copenhagen
walking
bus,train, metro
14%
car
other
2%
cycling embassy dk
city of copenhagen
city of copenhagen
city of copenhagen city of copenhagen
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
7,5 km bike range
15 km e-bike range
from car to peoples place
from car to peoples place
from car to peoples place
london,uk
Amsterdam
penhagen
London
Bogota
32%
of all car trips in copenhagen
are shorter than 5 km
67%
of all car trips in london
are shorter than 5 km
70%
of all car trips in bogota
are shorter than 3 kmsource : LTDS 2011/12
36%
of all trips to work and education
in copenhagen is done by bicycle.
cycling embassy dk
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.66
average number per home
1.1
average number per home
0.66
average number per home
5%
of all trips in bogota is done by
bicycle.(0.5% before cicloRuta)
2.2%
of all trips in london is done by bicycle.
1.2
average Number per home
per person per day
1.28 trips
per person per day
2.49 trips
36%
33%
25%
6%
bicyclecar
walking
90,000 T
CO per year saved by cycling
in copenhagen at present rate
2
42%
8%
33%
bicycle
bus,train, metro
cycling embassy dk
39.8%
28%
30%
2.2%
source : LTDS 2009/10
56% It’s faster
37% It’s my convenient
29% It’s cheap
26% It’s healthy
12% well-being/good way to start the day
9% new job/relocation
5% environmental/climate concerns
of all families with 2 children
have a cargo bike. Of all
households with a cargo bike,
17% have one in place of a car.
28%
Madrid
o
a
u
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
21%
11%
1%
2%
1%
39%
24%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
390 KM
of bike paths.
city of copenhagen
336 KM
of bike paths.
walking
bus,train, metro
14%
car
other
2%
bicycle
walking
car, taxi
bus,train, metro
outer London
inner London
27%
7%
35%
Commute to work
Education
Leisure
19%
shopping and
Other
4%
36,000 T
CO per year saved by cycling
in bogota at present rateOther work
related travel
9%
empty station full station
outer London
inner London
outer London
inner London
cycling embassy dk
city of copenhagen
city of copenhagen
city of copenhagen city of copenhagen
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
source : LTDS 2009/10
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
2
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
source : LTDS 2010/11
source : LTDS 2010/11
1
o
s
Santiago
Amsterdam
Bogota
32%
of all car trips in copenhagen
are shorter than 5 km
67%
of all car trips in london
are shorter than 5 km
70%
of all car trips in bogota
are shorter than 3 kmsource : LTDS 2011/12
36%
of all trips to work and education
in copenhagen is done by bicycle.
cycling embassy dk
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.66
average number per home
1.1
average number per home
0.66
average number per home
5%
of all trips in bogota is done by
bicycle.(0.5% before cicloRuta)
2.2%
of all trips in london is done by bicycle.
1.2
average Number per home
per person per day
1.28 trips
per person per day
2.49 trips
36%
33%
25%
6%
bicyclecar
walking
90,000 T
CO per year saved by cycling
in copenhagen at present rate
2
42%
8%
33%
bicycle
bus,train, metro
cycling embassy dk
39.8%
28%
30%
2.2%
source : LTDS 2009/10
56% It’s faster
37% It’s my convenient
29% It’s cheap
26% It’s healthy
12% well-being/good way to start the day
9% new job/relocation
5% environmental/climate concerns
of all families with 2 children
have a cargo bike. Of all
households with a cargo bike,
17% have one in place of a car.
28%
Madrid
24%
of all car
are shor
0.6%
using th
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
21%
11%
1%
2%
1%
39%
24%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
390 KM
of bike paths.
city of copenhagen
336 KM
of bike paths.
walking
bus,train, metro
14%
car
other
2%
bicycle
walking
car, taxi
bus,train, metro
outer London
inner London
27%
7%
35%
Commute to work
Education
Leisure
19%
Other
4%
36,000 T
CO per year saved by cycling
in bogota at present rateOther work
related travel
9%
empty station full station
outer London
inner London
outer London
inner London
cycling embassy dk
city of copenhagen
city of copenhagen
city of copenhagen city of copenhagen
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
source : LTDS 2009/10
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
2
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
source : LTDS 2010/11
source : LTDS 2010/11
seguridad vial m
seguridad vial m
186 K
of bike p
seguridad vial m
Santiago
35%
of all ca
are sho
3%
of all tr
in santi
700
of bike
sectra 2008
sectra 2001,
7,5 km bike range
15 km e-bike range
safety first, with a helmet and fluorescent jacket
blue bike paths, the fasest route from a to b
bogotá,colombiaAmsterdam
Bogota
70%
of all car trips in bogota
are shorter than 3 km
8%
of all car trips in amsterdam
are shorter than 5 km
CBS bewerking OBI
42%
using their bikes for their daily commute
gemeente Amsterdam
per person per day
3 trips
1.66
average number per home
1.1
average number per home
5%
of all trips in bogota is done by
bicycle.(0.5% before cicloRuta)
per person per day
1.28 trips
42%
8%
33%
bicycle
bus,train, metro
Madrid
24%
of all car trips in madrid
are shorter than 5 km
0.6%
using their bikes for their daily commute
Car as driver
Car as passenger
Train
Bus/tram/metro
Moped
Bicycle
Walking
Other
Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands
8%
6%
2%
6%
1%
42%
33%
1%
18%
8%
2%
7%
1%
32%
31%
2%
15%
10%
1%
9%
1%
25%
38%
1%
22%
11%
1%
1%
1%
39%
23%
1%
21%
11%
1%
2%
1%
39%
24%
1%
Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
CBS bewerking OBI
400 KM
of bike paths.
gemeente Amsterdam
336 KM
of bike paths.
walking
14%
car
other
2%
outer London
inner London
36,000 T
CO per year saved by cycling
in bogota at present rate
41%34%
bus,train, metro
walking
24,4%
car/motor
0.6%
bicycle
empty station full station
outer London
inner London
outer London
inner London
gemeente Amsterdam
gemeente Amsterdam
CBS bewerking OBI
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
2
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
NYC Global Partners
seguridad vial madrid
seguridad vial madrid
186 KM
of bike paths.
seguridad vial madrid
plan director movilidad ciclista madrid
Santiago
35%
of all car trips in santiago
are shorter than 5 km
3%
of all trips to work and education
in santiago is done by bicycle.
700KM
of bike paths.
22%
33%
37%
3%
bicycle
walking
car, taxi
bus,train, metro
sectra 2008
sectra 2001,
sectra 2008
5%
other
7,5 km bike range
15 km e-bike range
before after
the cycling roads transits through all neighborhoods
Every Sunday 120km of Bogotá’s roads are closed for cars
santiago,chile
Madrid
24%
of all car trips in madrid
are shorter than 5 km
0.6%
using their bikes for their daily commute
41%34%
bus,train, metro
walking
24,4%
car/motor
0.6%
bicycle
seguridad vial madrid
seguridad vial madrid
186 KM
of bike paths.
seguridad vial madrid
plan director movilidad ciclista madrid
Santiago
35%
of all car trips in santiago
are shorter than 5 km
3%
of all trips to work and education
in santiago is done by bicycle.
700KM
of bike paths.
22%
33%
37%
3%
bicycle
walking
car, taxi
bus,train, metro
sectra 2008
sectra 2001,
sectra 2008
5%
other
ro
Madrid
24%
of all car trips in madrid
are shorter than 5 km
0.6%
using their bikes for their daily commute
nds
don
41%34%
bus,train, metro
walking
24,4%
car/motor
0.6%
bicycle
don
seguridad vial madrid
seguridad vial madrid
186 KM
of bike paths.
seguridad vial madrid
plan director movilidad ciclista madrid
Santiago
35%
of all car trips in santiago
are shorter than 5 km
3%
of all trips to work and education
in santiago is done by bicycle.
700KM
of bike paths.
22%
33%
37%
3%
bicycle
walking
car, taxi
bus,train, metro
sectra 2008
sectra 2001,
sectra 2008
5%
other
7,5 km bike range
15 km e-bike range
Dangerous mix of traffic
High ambitions
Receptive culture for cycling
The Golden Ribbon, Jiaozuo, China
designoftheroute profile
车道设计之 横断面
designoftheroute profilevariations
车道设计之 横断面设计变化
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
The Golden Ribbon, Jiaozuo, China
The Golden Ribbon, Jiaozuo, China
Delft
University Campus 1969
Delft University of Technology
rethinking a lot
Future task
Planning the accesible city
Planning the accesible city
Mekelpark / Delft University of Technology
2009
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Planning the accesible city
Delft Train station and municipal offices
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo
cargobikes could have a large
effect on the cityscape:
- street profiles
- urban network
How cargobikes could change the city
shifted to trip chains e.g. bike and train, we were able to
identify the share of trips that could be shifted from mo-
torised vehicles to the bicycle. We see that 25% out of
the 49% of all urban motorised trips with goods transport
could be shifted to cycling.
FACT:
in an average european city
halF oF all Motorised trips related
to goods transport could be
shiFted to bicycle or cargo bike.
in an average european city with 240.000 inhabitants
there are about 1.000.000 trips per day.
1,000,000 400,000 600,000 490,000
All trips
Bicycle, pedestrian,
Public Transport
Motor vehicle trips
Motorised trips related to
goods transport
nuMber oF trips
per day
nuMber oF trips
to shiFt to
bicycle & cargobike
relative % oF shiFt
within Mot. trips rela-
ted to goods
Motorised trips
related to goods
transport
490,000 250.000 51%
Delivery 100,000 25.000 25%
Service and business 110,000 55.000 50%
Shopping 130,000 100.000 77%
Leisure 90,000 40.000 44%
Commuter 60,000 30.000 50%
Basline
How CycleLogistics can change
the traffic in an average city
FACT:
source: cyclelogistics.eu
Internet shopping is expanding, mobility changes
7 fEbruari 2015 ElsEviEr 47ElsEviEr 7 fEbruari 2015
START
Consument ontvangt pakje liefst thuis
Op de deurmat
BRON:ABNAMRO
2011
10
13
87
90
2014
Alternatieve locatie
Thuis%
%
Groei aantal onlinekopers
Onlineklanten
BRON: CBS EN BLAUWRESEARCH I.S.M.THUISWINKEL.ORG
10
8
6
4
2
0
miljoen
2005 2013
BRON:THUISWINKELMARKTMONITOR
Overig
Reizen
Boodschappen
Elektronica &
witgoed
Boeken, cd's,
DVD's, games
Kleding
Hard-
& softwareTelecom
Wat mensen via internet kopen (2013)
Huis, tuin en keuken
Totaal
10,7
miljard
euro
�10,8 miljoen onlinekopers (2013)
�Gemiddeld online besteed bedrag
per jaar 982 euro (2013)
�Totale onlinebestedingen
13,7 miljard euro (verwacht 2014)
Consument
BRON:THUISWINKELMARKTMONITOR
3,9
0,8
0,9
0,7
0,8
0,5
1,6
1.5
Top-5 omzet webwinkels
Grote jongens
BRON:TWINKLE (2014)
Ahold (bol.com en ah.nl)
RFS Holland (Wehkamp)
Zalando
Coolblue
Thuisbezorgd.nl
1
2
3
4
5
Webwinkel2
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
Aantal webwinkels
Meer concurrentie
BRON: ING ECONOMISCH BUREAU
2007
2013
0
3
6
9
12
15
BRON:THUISWINKELMARKTMONITOR
miljard euro
2005
2014
Omzet online winkelen
Explosieve groei
1
nkelen,
entie voor
kjes af te
auto.
arkt wordt in Nederland ge­
r enkele grote spelers. Abso­
r is PostNL. Volgens Thuis­
rancheorganisatievoorweb­
PostNL circa 70 procent van
nden. Waar de postmarkt in
aal van 2014 met 11 procent
ichte van een jaar eerder,
al pakketten dat PostNL be­
ocent. De omzet uit de pak­
edroeg in 2013 803 miljoen
. ‘De pakkettendivisie wordt
ds belangrijker. De bezor­
van pakketjes moet een
van het wegvallen van de
compenseren,’ zegt Gerrit
enbroek, algemeen direc­
PostNL Pakketten Benelux.
verwachten dat de groei van
akketmarkt doorzet. Er ko­
steeds nieuwe categorieën
bij die mensen online kopen.
linelevensmiddelen aan een
jn.’
current van PostNL is DHL
, onderdeel van Deutsche
mzet uit de pakketbezorging
pen jaar in de Benelux zo’n
o. ‘We moeten blijven sleu­
infrastructuur om de groei
e kunnen blijven bijbenen,’
n Benten (50), CEO van DHL
Naast deze twee grote spe­
etbedrijven, zoals GLS, DPD,
press, die in Nederland een
l
48 EconomiE 7 fEbruari 2015 ElsEviEr ElsEviEr 7 fEbruari 2015
Koerier
Tot 500 kilogram geen vergunning nodigOmzetgroei 9% (derde kwartaal 2014)
Groei aantal koeriers
Strijd om pakjes
BRON: CBS
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
2007
2014
Kluisjes DHL
Hoeveel: 25 bij tank- en treinstations
Pakketautomaten PostNL
Hoeveel: 9 op treinstations (onder meer
Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Den Haag, Utrecht)
Kluisjeswanden pakketservice De Buren
Hoeveel: 50 in Citybox, winkelcentra
Kluisjes
Hoe consumenten pakjes terugsturenPer post
BRON:ABNAMRO
48
18
20
14 %
per post
fysieke
winkel
servicepunt
ophaIen door
postbode/bezorgservice
Er zijn 2.100 postkantoren
Consument stuurt 13% van pakjes terug
Postkantoor
BRON:ABNAMRO
Wat stuurt consument terug?
Bestelling retour
BRON:ABNAMRO
Mode
Schoenen
Sport
Gemiddeld
Doe-het-zelf
Wonen
Elektronica
13%
5%
11%
16%
16%
14%
9%
Omzetcijfers van PostNL
0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5 miljard euro
2011 20132012
post pakjes internationaal
Meer pakjes
4
Overdag wordt 31% van de pakjes
afgeleverd bij de buren
Buren5
Nietthuis
BRON: E-SHARP/ABNAMRO
70% van de pakjes kan bij de
consument thuis worden afgeleverd
Zijn de buren thuis? Dan kan 95%
van de pakjes worden afgeleverd
Postbedrijf in cijfers
Grootste speler PostNL
Zes grote spelers in Nederland
18 pakketdepots
Groei volume pakketdivisie 8% in 2014
131 miljoen pakjes in 2013
Record: ruim 1 miljoen, 2 december 2014
Pakketbedrijf3
BRON: POSTNL
BRON: POSTNL
PostNL, DHL Parcel, GLS, DPD, UPS en TNT
BRON: CBS
Naarafleverpunten
’Voorn
komers
lastig o
staan
houd
source: elsevier.nl
what if
A CARGOBIKE DELIVERS YOUR GOODS
family and kids
(tricycles/minibikes)
WHAT´S ON A BIKE PATH?
≠ SPEED, RYTHM AND MANOEUVRABILITY!
city-commuting-folding bikes
road bikes-mountan bikes-BMX bikes
recreational cycling
tandems
walking-jogging
transport-delivery-postpolice-security
sightseeing/tour bikes
motorbikes and scooters
velomobiles
electric vehicles-segways
handbikes-secumbent bikes
wheelchairs-limited mobility
tricycles-adults bikes
kick scooters-rollers-skates
diversificationofmobilityasawhole
lifestyle, health, increasing amount of elderly, rise of ebikes
100 km / hour
highway as an inspiration?
20 km / hour
100 km/h truck lane
120 km/h car lane
15 km/h cargo bike
25 km/h elec. bike
different speeds
highway new bike path
impact on urban planning:
example: street in old city center, supplying shops
doorstep
roadcarparking
doorstep and bike parking
bike lane
what if: all delivery is done by cargobike?
delivering goods
impact on suburban area's:
delivering to homes
what if: all delivery is done by cargobike?
doorstep
bike lane (slow)
parallel road with parking on both sidescar road
bike lane (fast)
bike parking
distribution center
empty shop
DISTRIBUTION CENTER
DISTRIBUTION CENTER
DISTRIBUTION CENTER
impact of cargobikes on the existing delivery network
what if
A CARGOBIKE DELIVERS YOUR GOODS
SMALL
DISTRIBUTION
CENTER
a new distribution model?
back to basics, fine network
Leegstand periferie 40%
Bijna veertig procent van de 2,4 miljoen vierkante meter winkelleeg-
stand in Nederland is te vinden op decentrale retaillocaties.
Winkelleegstand heeft consequenties voor de vitaliteit en leefbaarheid
van centrumgebieden in heel Nederland maar kent grote lokale variaties.
De leegstand is in de periode 2008-2013 vooral gegroeid in middel-
grote steden. In de periferie van Nederland worden vooral de stedelijke
kernen getroffen, meer dan de rurale en suburbane gebieden. Binnen de
Randstad worden juist rurale gebieden relatief harder getroffen.
source: NRW en
brancheorganisatie INretail
reactivating the periphery
space for cargobikes
doorstep
bike lane (slow)
road with car parking on both sides
bike lane (fast)
bike parking
distribution center
empty shop
forward to basics:
cycling and cargobikes can fundamentally
change the face of a city and can contribute
to making it a better place for people.
space for the dairyman
forward to basics

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Forward to Basics by Willem Jan Snel - Mecanoo

  • 2. mobility space is an important topic in architecture and urban planning
  • 3. Justus van Effenblok Rotterdam Social Housing, 1922 architect Michiel Brinkman
  • 4. city blocks as networks
  • 5. space for the dairyman
  • 6. development of a new set of instruments. The current world belongs to a different kind of person with a different kind of mind. It demands new solutions in mobility towards sharpening its effectiveness and in the preparation of societies to participate in an increasingly diverse world, in which flexibility is becoming a pre-eminent skill. The extensive experience Mecanoo gained over more than 30 years results in designs and strategies that are realized with technical expertise and great attention to detail. The broad spectrum of Mecanoo’s projects allows the office to be creative and innovative in the search for new solutions, approaching each design problem with new vigour and enthusiasm.. Pink, D., the conceptual age, 1995 1800 1900 2100 2007: credit crunch Conceptual age Information Age Industrial Age Agriculture Age 2000 1902 - 1922 planning a healthy city introducing housing law social housing projects rotterdam good basics for daily live
  • 7. mecanoo mobility 7 The managed city The managed city is the old urban structure that is still present, but had become hidden from view by traffic signs, parking prevention bollards, shop displays, bike racks, rubbish containers, glass containers, advertising signs and terraces. One of the important means to recover the image of the city is to formulate rules, for example concerning pavement. In mean time the city is covered with over three million sand yellow clinkers and lines of old, glimmering granite boulders and smooth, blue cindered scoria bricks. As a result the city looks more homogeneous. mecanoo, early years groningen
  • 8. The characteristic city The characteristic city is the city of the postcards. It is the city of the places that stick in the memory of residents and visitors: the Grote Markt, the Vismarkt, the ring of canals. These locations have to be emphasised in defining the public space of the city.
  • 9. The hidden city The hidden city exists of the courtyards and gardens that hide from sight in the urban structure of the controlled city. They lead an introverted, ‘quiet’ life, far from the bustle and constantly changing image of the city. Little has changed in the Hidden City in the course of centuries. There is no reason at all to change any of it at the moment.
  • 10. The expressive city The expressive city indicates those rare points where an exuberant, trendy design of the public space is in place. This is where the city radiates its vitality and élan. The sites have often been bottlenecks in the city for years. An example is the gradually ascending terrace in the middle of the Poelestraat. For this terrace an attractive, steel pergola has been designed. It refers to the old city gate that used to be in this spot.
  • 11. be put into words.2 The book describes twenty projects. Ten statements – on thin, fragile Japanese paper – encapsulate the views upon which I base this proposition. Or to put it a better way, perhaps, they clarify what I am seeking. The fifth statement is on the aesthetics of mobility. The twentieth project describes ‘A room with a view’. I will attempt to explain why the architect of the Library and the Master Plan of the Technical University of Delft is introducing a subject like the aesthetics of mobility. CORRIDOR ROUTE visioning on mobility as a whole: a room with a view
  • 12. The art of integral engineering and the aesthetics of mobility (1999) mecanoo mobility 3 The routes need not just vision and direction, but more importantly a client to commis- sion them. In the period that follows, administrators in the Netherlands seem to rise to the challenge and accept the responsibility of taking on the role of client in commissioning the great mobility axes. To me, this illustrates the unique architectural climate in the Netherlands, so admired abroad. Las Vegas Bali La Defense Ecoviaduct Ruhrgebiet The vast landscape
  • 13. Time: Zuiderzee route (1999) A characteristic of the route to the north is the interplay of infrastructure lines – motorway, railway, power lines, waterways and dikes. A conspicuous feature of the polder landscape is that the motorway network runs not quite parallel to the other lines. The railway, the motorway and the power lines play a sort of game of ‘attract and repel’ with one another. As you ride along, at times you see them all and at times they suddenly Goud betw zones The m In this By rai re-est Circui 8,5 km five m after Golde same ance o ways. July200 Panoram
  • 21. mitigating traffic through design luxemburg stad (2011)
  • 22. mitigating traffic through design luxemburg stad (2011)
  • 23. mitigating traffic through design luxemburg stad (2011)
  • 27. mecanoo de diagonaal 38 juli2012 urbanlifestyles wonen wonen werken werken stadshart zakencentrum recreëren ommeland buitenwijk buiten Alex Babette Gijs recreëren recreëren cultuurcentrum Weergave van leefpatroon van perso- na’sindekenniseconomie,verspreiding vanactiviteitenintensiteitoverstad. A2 study (2013) different lifestyles
  • 28. A2 study (2013) 1 km €100.000.000 €1.000.000
  • 29. November2013 Januari2014 researchoncyclingtransition Cycling has become both a symbol and a catalyst for the transition in mobility towards sustainable development. Cities acknowledge that a city needs people and public space and less dominance by vehicles and asphalt. People want liveable cities. They increasin- gly change their preferences regarding travel behaviour from car ownership to vehicle sharing and active transport. Cycling becomes a pleasure, even sexy. Cycling pays a significant contribution to sustainable mobility, serving the mobility needs of all people. Cycling inclusive planning makes transport interventions more effective, in social and economic terms, with less negative impact on health, the environment and the climate. Cycling evokes creative thinking on the urban fabric and health. x billion km 54 10 6 18 30 12 6 31 work business meetings personal care shopping visits education leisure socializing 50% of the car journey’s are shorten than 7,5 km car public transport slow traffic remaining mecanoo and cycling
  • 30. mecanoo and cycling office mobility mecanoo: een kleine kenniseconomie kantoormobiliteit
  • 33. family and kids (tricycles/minibikes) WHAT´S ON A BIKE PATH? ≠ SPEED, RYTHM AND MANOEUVRABILITY! city-commuting-folding bikes road bikes-mountan bikes-BMX bikes recreational cycling tandems walking-jogging transport-delivery-postpolice-security sightseeing/tour bikes motorbikes and scooters velomobiles electric vehicles-segways handbikes-secumbent bikes wheelchairs-limited mobility tricycles-adults bikes kick scooters-rollers-skates cycling 2014researchoncyclingtransition:whatisonabikepath?avarietyofusers lifestyle, health, increasing amount of elderly, rise of ebikes
  • 34. There is nothing like bad weather het nieuwe reizen intergraal denken: slecht weer bestaat niet, slechte kleding wel het nieuwe reizen intergraal denken: slecht weer bestaat niet, slechte kleding wel
  • 35. new diversity - demand for new sorts of roads nieuwe werkelijkheid succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter nieuwe werkelijkheid succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter nieuwe werkelijkheid succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter nieuwe werkelijkheid succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter nieuwe werkelijkheid succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achternieuwe werkelijkheid succesvolle concepten, ruimtelijke ordening blijft achter
  • 36. amsterdam,thenetherlands Amsterdam 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.1 average number per home 42% 8% 33% bicycle bus,train, metro Madrid 24% of all car trips in madrid are shorter than 5 km 0.6% using their bikes for their daily commute Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% 21% 11% 1% 2% 1% 39% 24% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam walking 14% car other 2% 41%34% bus,train, metro walking 24,4% car/motor 0.6% bicycle gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI seguridad vial madrid seguridad vial madrid 186 KM of bike paths. seguridad vial madrid plan director movilidad ciclista madrid m 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.1 average number per home 42% 8% 33% bicycle bus,train, metro Madrid 24% of all car trips in madrid are shorter than 5 km 0.6% using their bikes for their daily commute Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% 21% 11% 1% 2% 1% 39% 24% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam walking 14% car other 2% 41%34% bus,train, metro walking 24,4% car/motor 0.6% bicycle gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI seguridad vial madrid seguridad vial madrid 186 KM of bike paths. seguridad vial madrid plan director movilidad ciclista madrid 7,5 km bike range 15 km e-bike range Cycling along the Amsterdam canals, a normal daily activity. Pedestrians en cyclist vondelpark, Amsterdam
  • 37. copenhagen,denmark Amsterdam enhagen 32% of all car trips in copenhagen are shorter than 5 km 36% of all trips to work and education in copenhagen is done by bicycle. cycling embassy dk 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.1 average number per home 1.2 average Number per home 36% 33% 25% 6% bicyclecar walking 90,000 T CO per year saved by cycling in copenhagen at present rate 2 42% 8% 33% bicycle bus,train, metro cycling embassy dk 56% It’s faster 37% It’s my convenient 29% It’s cheap 26% It’s healthy 12% well-being/good way to start the dayof all families with 2 children have a cargo bike. Of all Madrid 2 o a 0 u Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% 21% 11% 1% 2% 1% 39% 24% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam 390 KM of bike paths. city of copenhagen walking bus,train, metro 14% car other 2% cycling embassy dk city of copenhagen city of copenhagen gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI se se 1 o se Amsterdam 32% f all car trips in copenhagen re shorter than 5 km 36% f all trips to work and education n copenhagen is done by bicycle. cling embassy dk 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.1 average number per home 1.2 verage Number per home 36% 33% 25% 6% bicyclecar walking 90,000 T O per year saved by cycling n copenhagen at present rate 2 42% 8% 33% bicycle bus,train, metro cycling embassy dk 56% It’s faster 37% It’s my convenient 29% It’s cheap 26% It’s healthy 12% well-being/good way to start the day 9% new job/relocation of all families with 2 children have a cargo bike. Of all households with a cargo bike, 17% have one in place of a car. 28% Madrid 24% of all car trips are shorter tha 0.6% using their bik Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% 21% 11% 1% 2% 1% 39% 24% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam 390 KM f bike paths. y of copenhagen walking bus,train, metro 14% car other 2% cling embassy dk y of copenhagen y of copenhagen gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI seguridad vial madrid seguridad vial madrid 186 KM of bike paths. seguridad vial madrid Amsterdam Copenhagen 32% of all car trips in copenhagen are shorter than 5 km 36% of all trips to work and education in copenhagen is done by bicycle. cycling embassy dk 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.1 average number per home 1.2 average Number per home 36% 33% 25% 6% bicyclecar walking 90,000 T CO per year saved by cycling in copenhagen at present rate 2 42% 8% 33% b cycling embassy dk 56% It’s faster 37% It’s my convenient 29% It’s cheap 26% It’s healthy 12% well-being/good way to start the day 9% new job/relocation 5% environmental/climate concerns of all families with 2 children have a cargo bike. Of all households with a cargo bike, 17% have one in place of a car. 28% Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam 390 KM of bike paths. city of copenhagen walking bus,train, metro 14% car other 2% cycling embassy dk city of copenhagen city of copenhagen city of copenhagen city of copenhagen gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI 7,5 km bike range 15 km e-bike range from car to peoples place from car to peoples place from car to peoples place
  • 38. london,uk Amsterdam penhagen London Bogota 32% of all car trips in copenhagen are shorter than 5 km 67% of all car trips in london are shorter than 5 km 70% of all car trips in bogota are shorter than 3 kmsource : LTDS 2011/12 36% of all trips to work and education in copenhagen is done by bicycle. cycling embassy dk 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.66 average number per home 1.1 average number per home 0.66 average number per home 5% of all trips in bogota is done by bicycle.(0.5% before cicloRuta) 2.2% of all trips in london is done by bicycle. 1.2 average Number per home per person per day 1.28 trips per person per day 2.49 trips 36% 33% 25% 6% bicyclecar walking 90,000 T CO per year saved by cycling in copenhagen at present rate 2 42% 8% 33% bicycle bus,train, metro cycling embassy dk 39.8% 28% 30% 2.2% source : LTDS 2009/10 56% It’s faster 37% It’s my convenient 29% It’s cheap 26% It’s healthy 12% well-being/good way to start the day 9% new job/relocation 5% environmental/climate concerns of all families with 2 children have a cargo bike. Of all households with a cargo bike, 17% have one in place of a car. 28% Madrid o a u Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% 21% 11% 1% 2% 1% 39% 24% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam 390 KM of bike paths. city of copenhagen 336 KM of bike paths. walking bus,train, metro 14% car other 2% bicycle walking car, taxi bus,train, metro outer London inner London 27% 7% 35% Commute to work Education Leisure 19% shopping and Other 4% 36,000 T CO per year saved by cycling in bogota at present rateOther work related travel 9% empty station full station outer London inner London outer London inner London cycling embassy dk city of copenhagen city of copenhagen city of copenhagen city of copenhagen gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI source : LTDS 2009/10 NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners 2 NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners source : LTDS 2010/11 source : LTDS 2010/11 1 o s Santiago Amsterdam Bogota 32% of all car trips in copenhagen are shorter than 5 km 67% of all car trips in london are shorter than 5 km 70% of all car trips in bogota are shorter than 3 kmsource : LTDS 2011/12 36% of all trips to work and education in copenhagen is done by bicycle. cycling embassy dk 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.66 average number per home 1.1 average number per home 0.66 average number per home 5% of all trips in bogota is done by bicycle.(0.5% before cicloRuta) 2.2% of all trips in london is done by bicycle. 1.2 average Number per home per person per day 1.28 trips per person per day 2.49 trips 36% 33% 25% 6% bicyclecar walking 90,000 T CO per year saved by cycling in copenhagen at present rate 2 42% 8% 33% bicycle bus,train, metro cycling embassy dk 39.8% 28% 30% 2.2% source : LTDS 2009/10 56% It’s faster 37% It’s my convenient 29% It’s cheap 26% It’s healthy 12% well-being/good way to start the day 9% new job/relocation 5% environmental/climate concerns of all families with 2 children have a cargo bike. Of all households with a cargo bike, 17% have one in place of a car. 28% Madrid 24% of all car are shor 0.6% using th Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% 21% 11% 1% 2% 1% 39% 24% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam 390 KM of bike paths. city of copenhagen 336 KM of bike paths. walking bus,train, metro 14% car other 2% bicycle walking car, taxi bus,train, metro outer London inner London 27% 7% 35% Commute to work Education Leisure 19% Other 4% 36,000 T CO per year saved by cycling in bogota at present rateOther work related travel 9% empty station full station outer London inner London outer London inner London cycling embassy dk city of copenhagen city of copenhagen city of copenhagen city of copenhagen gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI source : LTDS 2009/10 NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners 2 NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners source : LTDS 2010/11 source : LTDS 2010/11 seguridad vial m seguridad vial m 186 K of bike p seguridad vial m Santiago 35% of all ca are sho 3% of all tr in santi 700 of bike sectra 2008 sectra 2001, 7,5 km bike range 15 km e-bike range safety first, with a helmet and fluorescent jacket blue bike paths, the fasest route from a to b
  • 39. bogotá,colombiaAmsterdam Bogota 70% of all car trips in bogota are shorter than 3 km 8% of all car trips in amsterdam are shorter than 5 km CBS bewerking OBI 42% using their bikes for their daily commute gemeente Amsterdam per person per day 3 trips 1.66 average number per home 1.1 average number per home 5% of all trips in bogota is done by bicycle.(0.5% before cicloRuta) per person per day 1.28 trips 42% 8% 33% bicycle bus,train, metro Madrid 24% of all car trips in madrid are shorter than 5 km 0.6% using their bikes for their daily commute Car as driver Car as passenger Train Bus/tram/metro Moped Bicycle Walking Other Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Other Netherlands 8% 6% 2% 6% 1% 42% 33% 1% 18% 8% 2% 7% 1% 32% 31% 2% 15% 10% 1% 9% 1% 25% 38% 1% 22% 11% 1% 1% 1% 39% 23% 1% 21% 11% 1% 2% 1% 39% 24% 1% Totaal 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% CBS bewerking OBI 400 KM of bike paths. gemeente Amsterdam 336 KM of bike paths. walking 14% car other 2% outer London inner London 36,000 T CO per year saved by cycling in bogota at present rate 41%34% bus,train, metro walking 24,4% car/motor 0.6% bicycle empty station full station outer London inner London outer London inner London gemeente Amsterdam gemeente Amsterdam CBS bewerking OBI NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners 2 NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners NYC Global Partners seguridad vial madrid seguridad vial madrid 186 KM of bike paths. seguridad vial madrid plan director movilidad ciclista madrid Santiago 35% of all car trips in santiago are shorter than 5 km 3% of all trips to work and education in santiago is done by bicycle. 700KM of bike paths. 22% 33% 37% 3% bicycle walking car, taxi bus,train, metro sectra 2008 sectra 2001, sectra 2008 5% other 7,5 km bike range 15 km e-bike range before after the cycling roads transits through all neighborhoods Every Sunday 120km of Bogotá’s roads are closed for cars
  • 40. santiago,chile Madrid 24% of all car trips in madrid are shorter than 5 km 0.6% using their bikes for their daily commute 41%34% bus,train, metro walking 24,4% car/motor 0.6% bicycle seguridad vial madrid seguridad vial madrid 186 KM of bike paths. seguridad vial madrid plan director movilidad ciclista madrid Santiago 35% of all car trips in santiago are shorter than 5 km 3% of all trips to work and education in santiago is done by bicycle. 700KM of bike paths. 22% 33% 37% 3% bicycle walking car, taxi bus,train, metro sectra 2008 sectra 2001, sectra 2008 5% other ro Madrid 24% of all car trips in madrid are shorter than 5 km 0.6% using their bikes for their daily commute nds don 41%34% bus,train, metro walking 24,4% car/motor 0.6% bicycle don seguridad vial madrid seguridad vial madrid 186 KM of bike paths. seguridad vial madrid plan director movilidad ciclista madrid Santiago 35% of all car trips in santiago are shorter than 5 km 3% of all trips to work and education in santiago is done by bicycle. 700KM of bike paths. 22% 33% 37% 3% bicycle walking car, taxi bus,train, metro sectra 2008 sectra 2001, sectra 2008 5% other 7,5 km bike range 15 km e-bike range Dangerous mix of traffic High ambitions Receptive culture for cycling
  • 41. The Golden Ribbon, Jiaozuo, China
  • 45. The Golden Ribbon, Jiaozuo, China
  • 46. The Golden Ribbon, Jiaozuo, China
  • 47. Delft
  • 48. University Campus 1969 Delft University of Technology
  • 50. Future task Planning the accesible city
  • 51. Planning the accesible city Mekelpark / Delft University of Technology 2009
  • 53. Planning the accesible city Delft Train station and municipal offices
  • 63. cargobikes could have a large effect on the cityscape: - street profiles - urban network
  • 64. How cargobikes could change the city
  • 65. shifted to trip chains e.g. bike and train, we were able to identify the share of trips that could be shifted from mo- torised vehicles to the bicycle. We see that 25% out of the 49% of all urban motorised trips with goods transport could be shifted to cycling. FACT: in an average european city halF oF all Motorised trips related to goods transport could be shiFted to bicycle or cargo bike. in an average european city with 240.000 inhabitants there are about 1.000.000 trips per day. 1,000,000 400,000 600,000 490,000 All trips Bicycle, pedestrian, Public Transport Motor vehicle trips Motorised trips related to goods transport nuMber oF trips per day nuMber oF trips to shiFt to bicycle & cargobike relative % oF shiFt within Mot. trips rela- ted to goods Motorised trips related to goods transport 490,000 250.000 51% Delivery 100,000 25.000 25% Service and business 110,000 55.000 50% Shopping 130,000 100.000 77% Leisure 90,000 40.000 44% Commuter 60,000 30.000 50% Basline How CycleLogistics can change the traffic in an average city FACT: source: cyclelogistics.eu
  • 66. Internet shopping is expanding, mobility changes 7 fEbruari 2015 ElsEviEr 47ElsEviEr 7 fEbruari 2015 START Consument ontvangt pakje liefst thuis Op de deurmat BRON:ABNAMRO 2011 10 13 87 90 2014 Alternatieve locatie Thuis% % Groei aantal onlinekopers Onlineklanten BRON: CBS EN BLAUWRESEARCH I.S.M.THUISWINKEL.ORG 10 8 6 4 2 0 miljoen 2005 2013 BRON:THUISWINKELMARKTMONITOR Overig Reizen Boodschappen Elektronica & witgoed Boeken, cd's, DVD's, games Kleding Hard- & softwareTelecom Wat mensen via internet kopen (2013) Huis, tuin en keuken Totaal 10,7 miljard euro �10,8 miljoen onlinekopers (2013) �Gemiddeld online besteed bedrag per jaar 982 euro (2013) �Totale onlinebestedingen 13,7 miljard euro (verwacht 2014) Consument BRON:THUISWINKELMARKTMONITOR 3,9 0,8 0,9 0,7 0,8 0,5 1,6 1.5 Top-5 omzet webwinkels Grote jongens BRON:TWINKLE (2014) Ahold (bol.com en ah.nl) RFS Holland (Wehkamp) Zalando Coolblue Thuisbezorgd.nl 1 2 3 4 5 Webwinkel2 0 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 Aantal webwinkels Meer concurrentie BRON: ING ECONOMISCH BUREAU 2007 2013 0 3 6 9 12 15 BRON:THUISWINKELMARKTMONITOR miljard euro 2005 2014 Omzet online winkelen Explosieve groei 1 nkelen, entie voor kjes af te auto. arkt wordt in Nederland ge­ r enkele grote spelers. Abso­ r is PostNL. Volgens Thuis­ rancheorganisatievoorweb­ PostNL circa 70 procent van nden. Waar de postmarkt in aal van 2014 met 11 procent ichte van een jaar eerder, al pakketten dat PostNL be­ ocent. De omzet uit de pak­ edroeg in 2013 803 miljoen . ‘De pakkettendivisie wordt ds belangrijker. De bezor­ van pakketjes moet een van het wegvallen van de compenseren,’ zegt Gerrit enbroek, algemeen direc­ PostNL Pakketten Benelux. verwachten dat de groei van akketmarkt doorzet. Er ko­ steeds nieuwe categorieën bij die mensen online kopen. linelevensmiddelen aan een jn.’ current van PostNL is DHL , onderdeel van Deutsche mzet uit de pakketbezorging pen jaar in de Benelux zo’n o. ‘We moeten blijven sleu­ infrastructuur om de groei e kunnen blijven bijbenen,’ n Benten (50), CEO van DHL Naast deze twee grote spe­ etbedrijven, zoals GLS, DPD, press, die in Nederland een l 48 EconomiE 7 fEbruari 2015 ElsEviEr ElsEviEr 7 fEbruari 2015 Koerier Tot 500 kilogram geen vergunning nodigOmzetgroei 9% (derde kwartaal 2014) Groei aantal koeriers Strijd om pakjes BRON: CBS 0 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000 2007 2014 Kluisjes DHL Hoeveel: 25 bij tank- en treinstations Pakketautomaten PostNL Hoeveel: 9 op treinstations (onder meer Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Den Haag, Utrecht) Kluisjeswanden pakketservice De Buren Hoeveel: 50 in Citybox, winkelcentra Kluisjes Hoe consumenten pakjes terugsturenPer post BRON:ABNAMRO 48 18 20 14 % per post fysieke winkel servicepunt ophaIen door postbode/bezorgservice Er zijn 2.100 postkantoren Consument stuurt 13% van pakjes terug Postkantoor BRON:ABNAMRO Wat stuurt consument terug? Bestelling retour BRON:ABNAMRO Mode Schoenen Sport Gemiddeld Doe-het-zelf Wonen Elektronica 13% 5% 11% 16% 16% 14% 9% Omzetcijfers van PostNL 0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 miljard euro 2011 20132012 post pakjes internationaal Meer pakjes 4 Overdag wordt 31% van de pakjes afgeleverd bij de buren Buren5 Nietthuis BRON: E-SHARP/ABNAMRO 70% van de pakjes kan bij de consument thuis worden afgeleverd Zijn de buren thuis? Dan kan 95% van de pakjes worden afgeleverd Postbedrijf in cijfers Grootste speler PostNL Zes grote spelers in Nederland 18 pakketdepots Groei volume pakketdivisie 8% in 2014 131 miljoen pakjes in 2013 Record: ruim 1 miljoen, 2 december 2014 Pakketbedrijf3 BRON: POSTNL BRON: POSTNL PostNL, DHL Parcel, GLS, DPD, UPS en TNT BRON: CBS Naarafleverpunten ’Voorn komers lastig o staan houd source: elsevier.nl
  • 67. what if A CARGOBIKE DELIVERS YOUR GOODS
  • 68. family and kids (tricycles/minibikes) WHAT´S ON A BIKE PATH? ≠ SPEED, RYTHM AND MANOEUVRABILITY! city-commuting-folding bikes road bikes-mountan bikes-BMX bikes recreational cycling tandems walking-jogging transport-delivery-postpolice-security sightseeing/tour bikes motorbikes and scooters velomobiles electric vehicles-segways handbikes-secumbent bikes wheelchairs-limited mobility tricycles-adults bikes kick scooters-rollers-skates diversificationofmobilityasawhole lifestyle, health, increasing amount of elderly, rise of ebikes
  • 69. 100 km / hour highway as an inspiration? 20 km / hour
  • 70. 100 km/h truck lane 120 km/h car lane 15 km/h cargo bike 25 km/h elec. bike different speeds highway new bike path
  • 71. impact on urban planning: example: street in old city center, supplying shops
  • 72. doorstep roadcarparking doorstep and bike parking bike lane what if: all delivery is done by cargobike? delivering goods
  • 73. impact on suburban area's: delivering to homes
  • 74. what if: all delivery is done by cargobike? doorstep bike lane (slow) parallel road with parking on both sidescar road bike lane (fast) bike parking distribution center empty shop
  • 75. DISTRIBUTION CENTER DISTRIBUTION CENTER DISTRIBUTION CENTER impact of cargobikes on the existing delivery network
  • 76. what if A CARGOBIKE DELIVERS YOUR GOODS
  • 78. back to basics, fine network Leegstand periferie 40% Bijna veertig procent van de 2,4 miljoen vierkante meter winkelleeg- stand in Nederland is te vinden op decentrale retaillocaties. Winkelleegstand heeft consequenties voor de vitaliteit en leefbaarheid van centrumgebieden in heel Nederland maar kent grote lokale variaties. De leegstand is in de periode 2008-2013 vooral gegroeid in middel- grote steden. In de periferie van Nederland worden vooral de stedelijke kernen getroffen, meer dan de rurale en suburbane gebieden. Binnen de Randstad worden juist rurale gebieden relatief harder getroffen. source: NRW en brancheorganisatie INretail
  • 80. space for cargobikes doorstep bike lane (slow) road with car parking on both sides bike lane (fast) bike parking distribution center empty shop
  • 81. forward to basics: cycling and cargobikes can fundamentally change the face of a city and can contribute to making it a better place for people.
  • 82. space for the dairyman