11. Gap Analysis: 3Ws Who is doing What Where Oxfam WVI MSF Health X Protection Nutrition x X Watsan x x Camp A Camp B Host Shelter UNHCR UNHCR Government Health MSF MSF MSF NFIs Save the Children Save the Children
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13. Actual needs Needs assessed by ‘experts’ Demands expresed Responses possible
14. The problem of bias: e.g. speciality or mandate bias InterWorks/UNHCR “ When you’ve a hammer in your hand, all problems look like nails that need hammering”. Broader context What other types of bias can you think of? Mandate or speciality of the organisation Humanitarian needs Resources available A PRIORI
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16. Red Cross / Red Crescent Protection Framework (adapted from ‘do no harm’ framework 1. Analyse the historical and current context Threats Vulnerable Groups Source of Protection Your Organization Your Programmes Your Relationships the environment the vulnerable population others 2. Describe your activities 3. What are your effects on… Are there any harmful effects, protection gaps or missed opportunities? 4. How can you improve? Your Organization Your Programmes Your Relationships
19. Flooding of inhabited areas Severe floods Living on floodplain Poor dam operation Tropical storms Deforestation Global Warming? Loss of wetlands Popn. Pressure Poverty Low yields Lack of good land Disease Disempowerment No alternative employment Food-stocks destroyed Crops destroyed Livestock killed People displaced Homes destroyed Possessions swept away Transport infrastructure destroyed Social infrastructure destroyed Immediate Hunger Further Death Deaths of family members Loss of livelihoods Disease No access to markets Food insecurity Fisheries ruined Lack of warning Lack of shelter Problem tree
20. Problem / objective analysis High risk of spread of watsan-related diseases Problem People consume unsafe water People fetch water from unprotected sources Objective Low risk of spread of watsan-related diseases People have access to clean water People fetch water from protected water points
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22. Logical framework analysis Inputs/Resources/budget Narrative summary of objectives Objectively verifiable INDICATORS Means of verification Key assumptions Goal Objective (2 or 3) Outputs/Results Activities Preconditions
31. Tools can be the blessing or the bane of our work
Editor's Notes
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Here is another model you might like to consider as a template for needs assessment, programme/project design and implementation and as a way of analysing your impact. Like all the other models in this presentation, it is not original but adapted from the Better Programming Initiative (BPI) It is a way of analysing the context and our activities and determining our effect (and the effect of others) on a group or individual. I would now like you to applythis framework to some case studies. Each group, using a flip chart, to answer three questions: 1. What were the factors that influenced the design of the programme? What were the effects of this programme What are your suggestions for improvement 15 mins to answer the questions - Please ask one member to prepare a short report using the flipchart – not more than two or three minutes.