cell definition, its theory,size and shape , different types of cell, basic difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; basic difference between unicellular and multicellular organism ; difference between animal and plant cells.

1. Cellular
organization
Presented by-
Harsh Wardhan Billore
M. Pharm 1st semester
Subject:-Biotechnology and
Bioinformatics
(Branch :-Pharmaceutics)
Guided by-
Mr. Rajiv Saxena
( Associate Professor )
Smriti College of Pharmaceutical
Education ,Indore

2. Cell is the basic Structural and functional
unit of living organisms.
All living organisms, whether plants or animals, are made up
of microscopic units called cells
Cell

3. Cell
Theory
Cell theory is a collection of
ideas and conclusions from
many different scientists over
time that describes cells and
how cells operate.
1
2
3
All known l iving things
are made up of one or more
cells.
All l iving cells arise from
pre- existing cells by
division.
The cell i s the basic unit of
structure and function in all
l iving organisms.

4. 1665
Cell Theory Timeline
Robert Hooke
Discovered cell
1674
Anton Van
Leeuwenhoek
Observed living cell
1831
Robert Brown
Discovered nucleus

5. 1835
Felix Dujardin
Discovered fluid
content of cell
1838
Matthias Schleiden
Proposed all plants
are made up of cells
1839
J. E. Purkinje Named
fluid content of
cell as protoplasm
Cell Theory Timeline

6. 1839
Theodor Schwann
Proposed all
animals are made
up of cells
1845
Carl Heinrich Braun
Proposed cell is the
basic unit of life
1855
Rudolf Virchow
Proposed all cells
arise from pre-
existing cells
Cell Theory Timeline

7. Size of Cells
•Cells vary in size.
•Most cells are very small
(microscopic), some may be
very large (macroscopic).
•The unit used to measure size
of a cell is micrometer.
• Smallest cell
• Mycoplasma
• Size: 0.1 µm
• Largest cell
• Ostrich egg
• Size: 18 cm
1 µm = 1 / 1000 millimeter

8. Size of Cells in Humans
Smallest
cell
Sperm
cell
Size:5
µm
Largestcell
Ovumcell
Size:120
µm
Longest
cell
Nerve
cell
Size:1 m

9. Shape of Cells
•Cells vary in
shape.
•Variation
depends mainly
upon the
function of cells.
Human RBCs are
circular biconcave for
easy passage through
human capillaries.
Nerve cells are
branched to conduct
impulses from one
point to another.
Human WBCs can
change their shape to
engulf the
microorganisms that
enter the body.

11. Difference Between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell

12. 1. Nucleus is undeveloped
2. Only one chromosome is present
3. Membrane bound organelles are
absent
4. Sizeranges from 0.5-5 µm
5. Examples: Bacteria and blue green
algae
1. Nucleus is well developed
2. More than one chromosomes are
present
3. Membrane bound organelles are
present
4. Sizeranges from 5-100 µm
5. Examples: All other organisms
Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell

13. Difference Between Unicellular and Multicellular :-

14. •All living beings, plants and animals,
start their life with a single cell.
• Some organisms exist as a single cell
and carry out the various metabolic life
processes such as assimilation,
respiration, reproduction, excretion,
etc., that are essential for their
survival.
• These are known as unicellular
organisms.
• Example: Yeast, bacteria, , amoeba
•Multicellular organisms are
organisms that consist of more
than one cell
•Some cells divide and give rise to
organisms with more than one cell.
• These organisms are termed as
multi-cellular.
• Example: animals, humans,
most plants
Unicellular organism Multicellular organism

15. Difference Between Animal cell and Plant cell

16. 1. Generally small in si ze
2. Cell wall i s absent
3. Plastids are absent
4. Vacuoles are smaller in si ze
and less in number
5. Centrioles are present
1. Generally large in size
2. Cell wall is present
3. Plastids are present
4. Vacuoles are larger in size
and more in number
5. Centrioles are absent
Animal cell Plant cell