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Pennington Biomedical Research Center
          Awesome.2Cents! A Healthy Lifestyle Curriculum for Teens…

Lesson # 7 Fast Food

Content outline
  1. Fast food is extremely popular with the youth, but can be unhealthy if choices are
      limited to few foods. A diet high in fast food can be high in fat, calories, sodium and low
      in vitamins, minerals and fiber. This can contribute to increased chronic disease risk.
  2. Fast food restaurants offer healthier selections that can make a healthy meal. Choose
      smaller sized portions, choose fruits and vegetables when possible, avoid fried foods,
      and avoid high fat condiments.

Louisiana content standards:
       1-H-1, 1-H-5, 1-H-6, 2-H-1, 2-H-2, 3-H-1, 3-H-2, 3-H-4, 6-H-1, 6-H-4
       1-M-2, 1-M-3, 2-M-1, 2-M-2, 4-M-3, 4-M-5, 5-M-4, 6-M-1, 6-M-2

Objectives/Expected Learner Outcomes
      The students learn about the nutritional content of variety of fast foods.
      Students learn to make healthy choices in fast food restaurants based on nutrition.

Lesson and Strategies
      Student group targeted
      7-12th grade

Time required
      Teacher Preparation: 15-20 minutes
      Assessment: 10 minutes

Materials and Resources
      Printed copies of Nutrition Information from Fast Food Restaurants: McDonald’s,
      Burger King, Taco Bell, Wendy’s, Arby’s, Subway, Pizza Hut, Domino’s Pizza
      Power point presentation
      Projector
      Screen
      Laptop/Computer

Motivation and Explanations
      In this lesson, students are divided based on their usual consumption of a type of fast
      food in order to learn to make healthier choices.

Teacher Preparation
Before class, make copies of the nutrition information from different fast food restaurants.
Slide   Lesson Plan
1       The Fast Food Challenge
        Making Good Food Choices in a Fast-Paced World
2       Say: This lesson will cover:
            Overweight trends
            Causes of overweight
            Fast food information/statistics
            Nutrition Facts Panel
            Portion sizes
            Making healthier choices at each meal
            What is a healthy diet like


3       Say: Which of these choices has the highest calorie count?

        Chicken Selects Premium Breast Strips (10) (McDonald’s)
        Meat Lovers Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut)
        Sausage Gravy Biscuit (Arby’s)
        Double Quarter Pounder with Cheese (McDonald’s)
        Double Whopper Sandwich with Cheese (Burger King)

        Do: Ask for a show of hands and record responses.
        Record the number of hands for each choice on the pre assessment.

4       Say: Which of these choices has the highest fat content?
        Deluxe Breakfast (McDonald’s)
        Sausage Lover’s Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut)
        Fiesta Taco Salad (Taco Bell)
        Big N’ Tasty (McDonald’s)
        Triple Whopper sandwich with cheese (Burger King)

        Do: Ask for a show of hands and record responses.
        Record the number of hands for each choice on the pre assessment.

5-13    Say: Ask the students: Have you eaten some of these?
        Are these some of your favorite foods?
        Burger King Whopper, McDonald’s Big and Tasty, Pizza Hut, sausage pizza, Taco
        Bell taco salad, Wendy’s Chili, Burger King breakfast.

        Show slides 4-12.

14      Say: Who likes pizza’s hamburgers, taco’s and sandwiches? Let’s break into groups.
           1. pizza (Pizza Hut, Little Caesar’s, Domino’s). Those of you who like pizza can
              join this group.
           2. hamburgers (Burger King, McDonald’s, Wendy’s). If you like hamburgers,
please join this group.
         3. tacos (Taco Bell). If you prefer tacos and Mexican fair, please join this group.
         4. sandwiches and subs (Arby’s, Subway). If you frequent sandwich shops, please
             join this group.
         I will give you nutrition information for your specific group.
     Do: Move the students around to form four groups and then distribute fast food
     information based on groups.

     Say: Let’s look up nutrition information for your favorite meal
            Calories
            Calories from fat
            Total fat
            Saturated fat
            Sodium

     Do: Give the students about 7-10 minutes to look up their meal and the nutrient
     content.

     Say: Let’s look for a healthier alternative, and then compare the same information
            Calories
            Calories from fat
            Total fat
            Saturated fat
            Sodium

     Do: Once the teams have made their selections and calculated the nutrient content of
     the meals, then explain more about Dietary Guidelines recommendations.
     Say: Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends no more than 20 g of saturated
     fat, about 300 g of carbohydrate, and less than 2,300 g of sodium (based on an average
     daily diet of 2,000 calories) daily. This amounts to an average of 667 calories, 6 g
     saturated fat, 100g of carbohydrates, and 766 mg of sodium per meal.
     Do: Get back into large group and have each group report on their findings.

15   Say: Today we are going to talk about healthy fast food choices, but lets first look and
     see where we are today. The youth today, as well as the adults, have higher and higher
     incidence of obesity and diabetes. Obesity has increased four fold since the 60’s and
     70’s in all age groups. Overweight and obesity is particularly alarming in some such as
     African American and Hispanic women, and younger children are more overweight
     than older children.

16   Say: Why are we so unhealthy?
        1.) We have had changes in daily food pattern.
              a. We spend less time eating together as a family. About 20 years ago,
                  people use to sit down and eat together as a family more often than not.
                  Today, our busy lives and varied schedules prevent the family from
                  eating together in the evening.
b. We consume much too many soft drinks and sports drinks that are high
                   in calories. Milk consumption has decreased over time while soft drink
                   consumption has gone up. Latest research tends to indicate that dairy
                   products help with weight control, while high fructose corn syrup, main
                   sweetener in soft drinks, tends to promote weight gain.
                c. Fast food and eating at quick service restaurants have become a norm
                   rather than an exception. As more mothers have gone to work, families
                   are relying more and more on pre-prepared foods. Meals at these
                   establishments tend to be too high in calories for most people and
                   individuals will have a positive calorie balance at the end of the day
                   which will result in weight gain over time.

     2.) We have also had changes in how active we are.
               a. Many of us are so busy with school or our jobs that we have no free
                   time for recreational activity. Many people work for long hours, or
                   commute many hours to and from work and have very little leisure time.
               b. Many do not have access to safe places for recreational activity. Some
                   neighborhoods do not have safe sidewalk, or parks for recreational
                   activity.
               c. Playing video games/surfing the net has become very popular compared
                   to playing basketball, soccer, swimming or doing other active things.
                   We have exchanged more active lifestyle to a less active lifestyle by
                   what we choose to do during our free time.

17   Say: There are many factors which play a role in becoming overweight. Some of these
     are: eating too many Calories, consuming a diet too high in fat, not being active
     enough, consuming foods that promote overweight, not consuming enough fiber, not
     consuming enough fruits and vegetables.
     But, generally speaking, overweight and obesity are the result of an energy imbalance
     over a period of time.
     An energy imbalance arises when the number of calories consumed (eaten) is not equal
     to the number of calories used (burned) by the body. This is fueled by the large portion
     sizes we see today. Many foods are served in portions that are twice as large or more
     than they were in the 70’s.

18   Say: A plate of pasta use to have about 500 Calories but today can have more than
     1000!
     The total Calories in pizza slices have increased from 500 to about 850 and more
     because of increased size.
     Coffee used to be a low Calorie drink but today it can have 350 Calories and more by
     the time it has whole milk, whipped cream, sugar and caramel added!

19   Say: You can think of energy balance as a scale.
     When you are consuming less than expending, you are losing weight.
     When energy intake is balanced with expenditure, you are neither gaining nor losing
     weight.
When you are consuming more than expending, you are gaining weight.
     If you are within normal weight, as determined by body mass index, weight
     maintenance is very important.
     Exercise is very important for weight maintenance. It helps your body to “use” more
     calories in case you occasionally overeat.
     When calories consumed are greater than calories used by the body, weight gain
     is the result
     Basically weight gain is controlled by two things: food and exercise.
20   What contributes to an unhealthy diet?
     Say: Many studies show that there certain types of foods that contribute to an
     unhealthy diet. These foods are:
     High in calories, high in total fat & saturated fat, high in trans fat, high in cholesterol,
     high in sodium (salt), and low in fiber. They are also low in fresh fruits and vegetables,
     dairy and whole grain.
     Largely these are foods that are highly processed.

21   Information on fast food.
     Say: Let’s get some information about fast foods.

22   Fast food statistics.
     Say: America has been called a “fast food nation” and for good reason.
     The number of fast food restaurants has increased 200% over the past 33 years.
     About 25% of adults and 30% of children eat fast foods on a typical day.
     That’s 1 out of every 4 adults and nearly 1 out of every 3 children!

23   Fast foods.
     Say: Fast food items are generally thought of as being high in calories, fat and sodium
     and lower in important vitamins and minerals.
     They are also low in fruits and vegetables and low in whole grain offerings.
     The good news is that more and more, both fast food and sit-down restaurants are
     adding healthier items to their menus!
     Today, it is possible to eat a reasonably nutritious meal on the go but you need to know
     the approximate calorie and fat content of the offerings! Restaurants that have more
     than 20 locations will have to post calorie counts on their menu. Many fast food
     restaurants now offer salads and healthful side items as well as a variety of beverages.

24   Fast foods. Know what you are eating.
     Say: To get to know what you are eating at fast food restaurants, there are several
     things you need to do:
     Look at the nutrition guide of the fast food restaurant. Each restaurant has a list of their
     foods with the nutrition information. The nutrition guide will tell you the nutrition
     content of each menu item. You can estimate how much fat and calories is in each food
     and a meal.
     Know your portion sizes. How much food you need to eat depends on your body size.
     Smaller person has lower calorie needs than a larger person. Females need fewer
     calories than males.
Learn the various ways that foods are cooked. For example, choosing foods that are
     grilled, roasted, baked or steamed over foods that are fried means fewer calories and
     lower fat intake.

25   Nutrition facts label.
     Do: Distribute the food label to the students.
     Say: The information in the main or top section of the label, can vary with each food
     product; it contains product-specific information (serving size, calories, and nutrient
     information).
     Serving Size: Tells you how big one serving is. The size of the serving on the food
     package influences the number of calories and all the nutrient amounts listed on the top
     part of the label.
     Number of servings: Tells how many servings are in the entire food. Calories provide
     a measure of how much energy you get from a serving of this food. How many calories
     from fat are there in ONE serving? Calories per serving: Number of calories per one
     serving of food
     Total Fat: Total amount of fat (in grams) found in one serving.
     Saturated Fat: The amount of saturated fat (in grams) in one serving
     Trans Fat: The amount of trans fat (in grams) in one serving. Fats: Important: Health
     experts recommend that you keep your intake of saturated fat, trans fat and cholesterol
     as low as possible as part of a nutritionally balanced diet.
     Cholesterol: The amount of cholesterol (in milligrams) in one serving
     Sodium: The amount of sodium (in milligrams) in one serving
     Most Americans don't get enough dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, and
     iron in their diets. They are identified in blue as Get Enough of these Nutrients.
     Fiber: For example fiber: The amount of fiber (in grams) found in one serving of that
     food. The same is true for vitamins A, C, calcium and iron.
     Eating enough of these nutrients can improve your health and help reduce the risk of
     some diseases and conditions.
     The bottom part contains a footnote with Daily Values (DVs) for 2,000 and 2,500
     calorie diets. This footnote provides recommended dietary information for important
     nutrients, including fats, sodium and fiber. The footnote is found only on larger
     packages and does not change from product to product.
26   Say: Let’s take a closer look at serving sizes.

27   Soft drinks.
     Say: As you can see, calories in the drink increase with increasing serving size. A
     serving size used in MyPyramid is 8 fl oz. It is recommended that we get 8 servings of
     fluids a day (8 fl oz/each each day or 64 oz). Eight servings of fluids should include all
     the fluids you are having in a day, such as water, juice, soft drinks, coffee etc. All of
     these servings pictured are larger than the recommended 8 fl oz. The normal sizes in
     fast food restaurants are:
          Large (32 fl oz)                 310 kcal
          Medium (21 fl oz)                210 kcal
          Small (16 fl oz)                 150 kcal
          Junior/Child (12 fl oz)          110 kcal


28   Soft drinks.
     Say: If you order 1% milk instead of regular soda with a meal you get much healthier
     alternative. Although the milk does contain calories, low-fat milk (unlike soda) is
     nutrient dense and contains the nutrients calcium and protein which are important for
     healthy bones and teeth.

     You can also order diet soda instead of regular soda to cut down on calories.
     This saves you from consuming a lot of “empty” calories, meaning that the calories
     from soda come mainly from sugar and provide no vitamins and minerals.
29   French fries.
     Say: Again the serving size of fries makes a difference in the number of calories
     consumed. A large serving has more than twice the calories of the small serving and
     has almost 3 times as much fat.
          Large           570 kcal, 30 g fat, 6 g saturated fat
          Medium          380 kcal, 20 g fat, 4 g saturated fat
          Small           250 kcal, 13 g fat, 2.5 g saturated fat
     Large fries have more than twice the amount of fat grams and total calories than
     the small fries

30   French fries.
     Say: What can you do? Order the smallest serving or order something else in place of
     the fries? Many fast food restaurants have baked potatoes. Those are a much healthier
     choice.
     True, it may have more calories than the small order of fries, but it is a much healthier
     choice. The plain baked potato has no fat, whereas the small fries had 13 g total fat and
     2.5 g saturated fat.

31   Making healthier choices.
     Say: Let’s learn to Make Healthier Choices. We will do A Comparison of Different
     Foods.

32   Making healthier choices.
Say: Let’s learn to make Healthier Choices at Breakfast
     The plain biscuit is lowest in calories, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium
     when compared to the other two choices. It is the best choice of the three. The Egg
     McMuffin, which contains the most fiber and zero grams of trans fat is the next best
     choice.
                   Calories Total      Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                             Fat       Fat           Fat
     Biscuit       240       11        2.5           5          0            680     1
     Muffin with 300         12       4.5           0         230         860      2
     egg
     Sausage      500        31       10            5         250         1,080    1
     Biscuit with
     Egg


33   Making healthier choices.
     Say: The McGriddles are lower in calories, total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol
     and sodium than are the big breakfast and deluxe breakfast. The sausage McGriddle
     has fewer calories, less cholesterol and less sodium than the bacon, egg and cheese
     version. Of the four breakfasts listed, the sausage McGriddle is the better choice,
     followed by the bacon egg and cheese McGriddle.

                 Calories Total       Saturated      Trans    Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                          Fat         Fat            Fat
     Sausage and 420      22          7              1.5      30           990      1
     Pancakes
     Bacon, Egg, 450         21       7              1.5      245          1,260    1
     and Cheese
     Pancakes
     Large        730        46       14             7        465          1,470    3
     Breakfast
     with sausage
     and
     pancakes
     Brfst with 1,220        61       17             11       480          1,920    4
     hashbrowns,
     sausage,
     eggs, and
     bicuit
34   Making healthier choices.
     Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices for fish and chicken. As you can see
     Premium Grilled chicken classic has the fewest grams of total fat, saturated fat and no
     trans fat and makes the best choices.

                   Calories Total        Saturated   Trans   Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                            Fat          Fat         Fat
     Fish          400      18           4           1       40          640    1
     sandwich
     Grilled       420     9             2           0       80          1240   3
     chicken
     sandwich

     Fried         500     16            3           1.5     60          1380   3
     chicken
     sandwich



35   Making healthier choices.
     Say: Let’s make healthier choices for burgers with cheese. All three burgers are with
     cheese. Although the quarter pounder has less calories and grams of saturated fat than
     the Big N Tasty, it is not greatly different. Healthier choices would be the burger
     versions that are available without cheese.

                   Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                            Fat Fat         Fat
     Large       510       25       12         1.5   95           1150   3
     hamburger
     with cheese
     1
     Large       520       26       10         1.5   95           1010   3
     hamburger
     with cheese
     2
     Laarge      560       30       10         1.5   80           1010   3
     hamburger
     with cheese
     3
     Triple meat 1230      82       32         3.5   275          1590   3
     Sandwich
     with cheese


36   Making healthier choices.
Say: Let’s learn to make Healthier Choices and Look at Burgers without Cheese.
     The Quarter pounder without cheese has less calories, along with less total, saturated,
     and trans fat, and less cholesterol and sodium than the Big N’ Tasty without cheese. It
     is the better choice of the two. And is a better choice than the 3 burgers listed on the
     previous slide

               Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                        Fat Fat         Fat
     Hamburger 210      9     3.5       0.5   30          530    1
     Large       420        18        7          1     70         730     3
     hamburger
     without
     cheese 1
     Large       470        23        8          1.5   80         790     3
     hamburger
     without
     cheese 2
     Double meat 900        57        19         2     175        1040    3




37   Making healthier choices.
     Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices with Crispy Chicken Salads. The Asian
     Salad is the best choice of the three salad options. It is the lowest in calories, total fat,
     saturated fat, and cholesterol and the highest in fiber. The Caesar salad and bacon ranch
     are both similar in calories, fat, cholesterol and sodium. Although the Asian salad is the
     best choice, an even better choice would be the grilled Asian salad.

                       Calories Total      Saturated    Trans    Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                                Fat        Fat          Fat
     Salad with fried
     chicken &        460        19.5      2            1.5      45           1710    6
     dressing

     Caesar salad
     with fried      490         31        7.5          1.5      75           1520    3
     chicken &
     Caesar dressing

     Salad with fried
     chicken, bacon 510          31        7.5          1.5      90           1670    3
     & ranch
     dressing
Dressing




38   Making healthier choices.
     Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices with Grilled Chicken Salads.
     Compared with the crispy chicken versions, these salads are lower in calories, fat,
     saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol and sodium. In fact, none of these salads have any
     trans fat at all. The salads are all similar in nutrient content before the dressing is
     added. The dressings add more fat and calories to the salads.

                     Calories Total    Saturated     Trans    Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                              Fat      Fat           Fat
     Salad with      380      12.5     1             0        65          1570     6
     Grilled
     Chicken &
     Sesame
     Ginger
     Dressing
     Salad with      410      24       6.5           0        95          1390     3
     Grilled
     Chicken &
     Caesar
     Dressing
     Salad with      430      24       6.5           0        110         1530     3
     Grilled
     chicken,
     bacon &
     Ranch
     Dressing


39   Making healthier choices.
     Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices with ice cream
     The better choice of the four shown here would be the reduced fat ice cream cone. It is
     the lowest in calories, total fat, saturated fat, and trans fat, as well as the lowest in
     cholesterol and sodium. The next best choice would be the caramel sundae followed by
     the 12 oz vanilla shake. The least healthy choice of the 4 would be the McFlurry. It is
     the highest in calories, fat, cholesterol, and sodium.

                   Calories Total     Saturated    Trans      Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                            Fat       Fat          Fat
Vanilla        150      3.5       2               0           15         60      0
     Reduced Fat
     Ice Cream
     Cone
     Hot Caramel    340      7         4.5             0           30         140     0
     Sundae
     Vanilla        420      10        6               0.5         40         140     0
     Triple Thick
     Shake
     (12 oz)
     Ice cream      620      20        12              1           55         190     1
     flurry with
     M & M’s
     (12 oz)



40   Making healthier choices.
     Say: Let’s learn to choose healthy choices for snacks.
     The apple dippers and fruit ‘n yogurt parfait are the best choices of the five. They are
     the lowest in calories and in fat and are also very low in sodium and cholesterol. The
     next best choice is the fruit and walnut salad. Although it does have more calories than
     the apple pie and the cookies, it is a better choice because it is lower in saturated fat
     and contains zero trans fat. It is also lower in sodium than the cookies and pie, and has
     the highest fiber content of all the snacks.

                      Calories Total       Saturated       Trans    Cholesterol Sodium Fiber
                               Fat         Fat             Fat
     Apple slices     100      0.5         0               0        5          40     0
     with Low Fat
     Caramel Dip
     Fruit ‘n         160        2         1               0        5          85     1
     Yogurt Parfait
     with granola
     Fruit salad      310        13        2               0        5          85     6
     with nuts
     Baked Apple      250        11        3               4.5      0          150    2
     Pie
     Chocolate        270        11        6               0        35         170    1
     Chip Cookies




41   Making healthier choices.
Say: Let’s look at some tips for choosing wisely in quick service restaurants.

         Choose grilled meats over fried when possible.
              Grilled meats are lower in calories, fat, cholesterol and sodium. Overall,
                they will have fewer calories and grams of fat!

         Watch foods like cheese, bacon and sausage.
             These foods are high in calories, fat, and sodium (salt). Try to limit
                these foods!

         Be careful with salad dressings!
              They are well-known sources of hidden fats and calories. One
                 tablespoon can be 100 calories. Try to use the lower fat, or non-fat
                 versions!


42   Making healthier choices.
     Say:

         Watch serving sizes on beverages and snacks.
             Whereas a 12 oz vanilla shake may only have 420 calories,
                a 21 oz shake has 740 calories.

         Don’t choose foods based on calories alone. It can be deceiving!
              The fruit and walnut salad has more calories than the baked apple pie
                 and the chocolate chip cookies. However, this does not mean that it is a
                 poorer choice. When looking at the saturated fat and trans fat levels (bad
                 fats) in the foods, the walnut salad has less. It also contains less
                 cholesterol than the cookies and less sodium than both the cookies and
                 the pie.


43   Choosing Healthier Options for Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner.
     Say: Let’s learn to choose healthier options for breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

44   Healthy Choices/Balance
     Say: Let’s look at a typical breakfast one may have at a fast food restaurant.
     Breakfast (Typical)
     Big Breakfast
     (scrambled eggs, sausage patty,
     hash browns, and biscuit)
     Medium Orange Juice (16 oz)

     The nutrition breakdown is as follows:
     Kcal: 910             Cholesterol: 465 mg
     Total Fat: 46 g       Sodium: 1,475 mg
Saturated Fat: 14 g     Fiber: 3 g
     Trans Fat: 7 g

45   Healthy Choices/Balance. Breakfast (Better Choice)
     Say: Let’s look at a healthier option for breakfast.
     This meal would have
     1 Biscuit, Plain
     Fruit ‘N Yogurt Parfait (small)
     Strawberry Preserves
      Small Orange Juice (12 oz)

     Kcal: 575                            Cholesterol: 5 mg
     Total Fat: 13 g                      Sodium: 770 mg
     Saturated Fat: 3.5 g                 Fiber: 2 g
     Trans Fat: 5 g

46   Making healthier choices.
     Say: By Choosing the Better Breakfast
     You saved:
     335 Kcal
     33 g Total Fat
     10.5 g Saturated Fat
     2 g Trans Fat
     460 mg Cholesterol
     705 mg Sodium

     At this meal

47   Healthy Choices/Balance. Breakfast (Better Choice)
     Say: Let’s look at another healthier option for breakfast.
     This meal would have
     English Muffin, Plain
     Scrambled Eggs
     Strawberry Preserves
     Small Orange Juice (12 oz)

     Kcal: 535                            Cholesterol: 435 mg
     Total Fat: 16.5 g                    Sodium: 490 mg
     Saturated Fat: 5 g                   Fiber: 2 g
     Trans Fat: 0 g

48   Making healthier choices.
     Say: By Choosing the other breakfast option you saved:
     375 Kcal
     29.5 g Total Fat
     9 g Saturated Fat
7 g Trans Fat
     30 mg Cholesterol
     985 mg Sodium

     At this meal

49   Healthy Choices/Balance
     Say: Lets look at a typical lunch you may be choosing at a fast food restaurant.
     You may choose a large hamburger with Cheese,
     Medium French fries, and a
     Medium Soft Drink

     That amounts to
     Kcal: 1,100                          Cholesterol: 95 mg
     Total Fat: 45 g                      Sodium: 1,385 mg
     Saturated Fat: 16 g                  Fiber: 8 g
     Trans Fat: 6.5 g
     As you notice, it has a lot of calories.

50   Healthy Choices/Balance
     Say: Let’s look at a lunch that is a better choice in terms of calories and fat.
     You can have a large hamburger without cheese, a
     Side Salad, with Low Fat Family Recipe Italian Dressing,
     Medium Iced Tea, Unsweetened, and
     Fruit & nut salad

     Kcal: 810                        Cholesterol: 75 mg
     Total Fat: 33.5 g                Sodium: 1,570 mg
     Saturated Fat: 9 g               Fiber: 10 g
     Trans Fat: 1 g

     This meal has less calories and fat just by making a few different choices.

51   Choosing the Better Lunch
     Say: By Choosing the Better Lunch You saved:
     290 Kcal
     11.5 g Total Fat
     7 g Saturated Fat
     5.5 g Trans Fat
     20 mg Cholesterol

     At this meal and you gained 2 g of fiber!

52   Healthy Choices/Balance
     Say: Now, let’s move on to the evening meal. This may be a typical meal you may
     choose:
Fried Chicken pieces (5 piece)
     Medium Soda
     Baked Apple Pie

     This has:
     Kcal: 1,090                Cholesterol: 90 mg
     Total Fat: 44 g            Sodium: 1,715 mg
     Saturated Fat: 9 g         Fiber: 2 g
     Trans Fat: 9 g

     As you can tell, the meal is loaded with calories and fat.

53   Healthy Choices/Balance, Dinner (Better Choice)
     Say: Now, if you made some other choices such as:
     Asian Salad with Grilled Chicken, with
     Low Fat Sesame Ginger Dressing,
     Medium Diet Soda, and
     Vanilla Reduced Fat Ice Cream Cone for dessert, your nutrient intake would be as
     follows:

     Kcal: 530                   Cholesterol: 80 mg
     Total Fat: 16 g             Sodium: 1,660 mg
     Saturated Fat: 3 g          Fiber: 6 g
     Trans Fat: 0 g


54   By Choosing the Better Dinner
     Say: Since you made healthier choices, you saved:
     560 Kcal
     28 g Total Fat
     6 g Saturated Fat
     9 g Trans Fat
     10 mg Cholesterol
     55 mg Sodium

     As you can see you have almost halved the calories, reduced fat by two thirds and
     eliminated all trans fats. You also increased fiber by 4 grams.

55   Say: A Look at the Two Diets

     This gives you the running total for the two sets of meals we just went over.

     The nutrition facts for the typical meal are:
     Calories        3,100
Total Fat       135 g

     Saturated Fat 39 g

     Trans Fat       22.5 g

     Cholesterol     650 mg

     Sodium          4,575 mg

     Fiber           13 g



     While the totals for the better meals are:
     Calories        1,915

     Total Fat       62.5 g

     Saturated Fat 15.5 g

     Trans Fat       6g

     Cholesterol     160 mg

     Sodium          4,000

     Fiber           18 g


     As you can see there is a big difference in the total values.

56   Say: Your Total Daily Savings because you chose the Better Choice at Each Meal you
     saved:
     1,185 Kcal
     72.5 g Total Fat
     23.5 g Saturated Fat
     16.5 g Trans Fat
     490 mg Cholesterol
     575 mg Sodium

     If you made these kinds of choices on a weekly basis, not even every time you ate, you
     would save more than Calories a year. This would amount to about 17 pounds.


57   What is Healthy Diet like?
Say: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans state that a healthy diet is one that:
         Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat milk and
            milk products;

         Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, nuts; and

         Is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, sodium (salt), and added sugars

58   Do: a post test. Make sure you have a copy of post assessment.
     Say: Which of these choices has the highest calorie content?
                 Chicken Selects Premium Breast Strips (10) (McDonald’s)
                 Meat Lovers Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut)
                 Sausage Gravy Biscuit (Arby’s)
                 Double Quarter Pounder with Cheese (McDonald’s)
                 Triple Whopper (Burger King)

     Ask for a show of hands and record responses.
     Do: Record the number of hands for each choice on the post assessment.

59   Say: The highest calorie content was in the
     Chicken Selects Premium Breast Strips (10) (McDonald’s), 1, 270 Calories.

     Meat Lovers Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut) has 740 Calories,
     Sausage Gravy Biscuit (Arby’s) has 961 Calories,
     Double Quarter Pounder with Cheese (McDonald’s) has 730 Calories, and
     Double Whopper Sandwich with Cheese (Burger King) has 1,070 Calories. A close
     second.

60   Do: a post test. Make sure you have a copy of post assessment.
     Say: Which of these choices has the highest fat content?

     Deluxe Breakfast (McDonald’s)
     Sausage Lover’s Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut)
     Fiesta Taco Salad (Taco Bell)
     Big N’ Tasty (McDonald’s)
     Triple Whopper sandwich with cheese (Burger King)
     Ask for a show of hands and record responses.

     Do: Record the number of hands for each choice on the post assessment.

61   Say: The highest fat content was in
     Triple Whopper sandwich with cheese (Burger King) 82 grams, the highest fat content.
     Deluxe Breakfast (McDonald’s) has 61 grams of fat,
     Sausage Lover’s Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut) has 40 grams,
     Fiesta Taco Salad (Taco Bell) has 46 grams, and
     Big N’ Tasty (McDonald’s) has 26 grams of fat.
62   Authors:
     Heli Roy, PhD, RD
     Shanna Lundy, BS

     Division of Education
     Phillip Brantley, PhD, Director
     Pennington Biomedical Research Center
     Steven Heymsfield, MD, Executive Director

     he Pennington Biomedical Research Center is a world-renowned nutrition research center.

     Mission:
     To promote healthier lives through research and education in nutrition and preventive medicine.

     The Pennington Center has several research areas, including:

         Clinical Obesity Research
         Experimental Obesity
         Functional Foods
         Health and Performance Enhancement
         Nutrition and Chronic Diseases
         Nutrition and the Brain
         Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging
         Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance

     The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy living and on the prevention
     of common chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis.

     The Division of Education provides education and information to the scientific community and the
     public about research findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events
     for the public on various health issues.

     We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being
     conducted at the Pennington Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the
     clinical trials web page at www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000.



     Edited : October 2012

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Unit 7 fast food lesson plan

  • 1. Pennington Biomedical Research Center Awesome.2Cents! A Healthy Lifestyle Curriculum for Teens… Lesson # 7 Fast Food Content outline 1. Fast food is extremely popular with the youth, but can be unhealthy if choices are limited to few foods. A diet high in fast food can be high in fat, calories, sodium and low in vitamins, minerals and fiber. This can contribute to increased chronic disease risk. 2. Fast food restaurants offer healthier selections that can make a healthy meal. Choose smaller sized portions, choose fruits and vegetables when possible, avoid fried foods, and avoid high fat condiments. Louisiana content standards: 1-H-1, 1-H-5, 1-H-6, 2-H-1, 2-H-2, 3-H-1, 3-H-2, 3-H-4, 6-H-1, 6-H-4 1-M-2, 1-M-3, 2-M-1, 2-M-2, 4-M-3, 4-M-5, 5-M-4, 6-M-1, 6-M-2 Objectives/Expected Learner Outcomes The students learn about the nutritional content of variety of fast foods. Students learn to make healthy choices in fast food restaurants based on nutrition. Lesson and Strategies Student group targeted 7-12th grade Time required Teacher Preparation: 15-20 minutes Assessment: 10 minutes Materials and Resources Printed copies of Nutrition Information from Fast Food Restaurants: McDonald’s, Burger King, Taco Bell, Wendy’s, Arby’s, Subway, Pizza Hut, Domino’s Pizza Power point presentation Projector Screen Laptop/Computer Motivation and Explanations In this lesson, students are divided based on their usual consumption of a type of fast food in order to learn to make healthier choices. Teacher Preparation Before class, make copies of the nutrition information from different fast food restaurants.
  • 2. Slide Lesson Plan 1 The Fast Food Challenge Making Good Food Choices in a Fast-Paced World 2 Say: This lesson will cover:  Overweight trends  Causes of overweight  Fast food information/statistics  Nutrition Facts Panel  Portion sizes  Making healthier choices at each meal  What is a healthy diet like 3 Say: Which of these choices has the highest calorie count? Chicken Selects Premium Breast Strips (10) (McDonald’s) Meat Lovers Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut) Sausage Gravy Biscuit (Arby’s) Double Quarter Pounder with Cheese (McDonald’s) Double Whopper Sandwich with Cheese (Burger King) Do: Ask for a show of hands and record responses. Record the number of hands for each choice on the pre assessment. 4 Say: Which of these choices has the highest fat content? Deluxe Breakfast (McDonald’s) Sausage Lover’s Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut) Fiesta Taco Salad (Taco Bell) Big N’ Tasty (McDonald’s) Triple Whopper sandwich with cheese (Burger King) Do: Ask for a show of hands and record responses. Record the number of hands for each choice on the pre assessment. 5-13 Say: Ask the students: Have you eaten some of these? Are these some of your favorite foods? Burger King Whopper, McDonald’s Big and Tasty, Pizza Hut, sausage pizza, Taco Bell taco salad, Wendy’s Chili, Burger King breakfast. Show slides 4-12. 14 Say: Who likes pizza’s hamburgers, taco’s and sandwiches? Let’s break into groups. 1. pizza (Pizza Hut, Little Caesar’s, Domino’s). Those of you who like pizza can join this group. 2. hamburgers (Burger King, McDonald’s, Wendy’s). If you like hamburgers,
  • 3. please join this group. 3. tacos (Taco Bell). If you prefer tacos and Mexican fair, please join this group. 4. sandwiches and subs (Arby’s, Subway). If you frequent sandwich shops, please join this group. I will give you nutrition information for your specific group. Do: Move the students around to form four groups and then distribute fast food information based on groups. Say: Let’s look up nutrition information for your favorite meal Calories Calories from fat Total fat Saturated fat Sodium Do: Give the students about 7-10 minutes to look up their meal and the nutrient content. Say: Let’s look for a healthier alternative, and then compare the same information Calories Calories from fat Total fat Saturated fat Sodium Do: Once the teams have made their selections and calculated the nutrient content of the meals, then explain more about Dietary Guidelines recommendations. Say: Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends no more than 20 g of saturated fat, about 300 g of carbohydrate, and less than 2,300 g of sodium (based on an average daily diet of 2,000 calories) daily. This amounts to an average of 667 calories, 6 g saturated fat, 100g of carbohydrates, and 766 mg of sodium per meal. Do: Get back into large group and have each group report on their findings. 15 Say: Today we are going to talk about healthy fast food choices, but lets first look and see where we are today. The youth today, as well as the adults, have higher and higher incidence of obesity and diabetes. Obesity has increased four fold since the 60’s and 70’s in all age groups. Overweight and obesity is particularly alarming in some such as African American and Hispanic women, and younger children are more overweight than older children. 16 Say: Why are we so unhealthy? 1.) We have had changes in daily food pattern. a. We spend less time eating together as a family. About 20 years ago, people use to sit down and eat together as a family more often than not. Today, our busy lives and varied schedules prevent the family from eating together in the evening.
  • 4. b. We consume much too many soft drinks and sports drinks that are high in calories. Milk consumption has decreased over time while soft drink consumption has gone up. Latest research tends to indicate that dairy products help with weight control, while high fructose corn syrup, main sweetener in soft drinks, tends to promote weight gain. c. Fast food and eating at quick service restaurants have become a norm rather than an exception. As more mothers have gone to work, families are relying more and more on pre-prepared foods. Meals at these establishments tend to be too high in calories for most people and individuals will have a positive calorie balance at the end of the day which will result in weight gain over time. 2.) We have also had changes in how active we are. a. Many of us are so busy with school or our jobs that we have no free time for recreational activity. Many people work for long hours, or commute many hours to and from work and have very little leisure time. b. Many do not have access to safe places for recreational activity. Some neighborhoods do not have safe sidewalk, or parks for recreational activity. c. Playing video games/surfing the net has become very popular compared to playing basketball, soccer, swimming or doing other active things. We have exchanged more active lifestyle to a less active lifestyle by what we choose to do during our free time. 17 Say: There are many factors which play a role in becoming overweight. Some of these are: eating too many Calories, consuming a diet too high in fat, not being active enough, consuming foods that promote overweight, not consuming enough fiber, not consuming enough fruits and vegetables. But, generally speaking, overweight and obesity are the result of an energy imbalance over a period of time. An energy imbalance arises when the number of calories consumed (eaten) is not equal to the number of calories used (burned) by the body. This is fueled by the large portion sizes we see today. Many foods are served in portions that are twice as large or more than they were in the 70’s. 18 Say: A plate of pasta use to have about 500 Calories but today can have more than 1000! The total Calories in pizza slices have increased from 500 to about 850 and more because of increased size. Coffee used to be a low Calorie drink but today it can have 350 Calories and more by the time it has whole milk, whipped cream, sugar and caramel added! 19 Say: You can think of energy balance as a scale. When you are consuming less than expending, you are losing weight. When energy intake is balanced with expenditure, you are neither gaining nor losing weight.
  • 5. When you are consuming more than expending, you are gaining weight. If you are within normal weight, as determined by body mass index, weight maintenance is very important. Exercise is very important for weight maintenance. It helps your body to “use” more calories in case you occasionally overeat. When calories consumed are greater than calories used by the body, weight gain is the result Basically weight gain is controlled by two things: food and exercise. 20 What contributes to an unhealthy diet? Say: Many studies show that there certain types of foods that contribute to an unhealthy diet. These foods are: High in calories, high in total fat & saturated fat, high in trans fat, high in cholesterol, high in sodium (salt), and low in fiber. They are also low in fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy and whole grain. Largely these are foods that are highly processed. 21 Information on fast food. Say: Let’s get some information about fast foods. 22 Fast food statistics. Say: America has been called a “fast food nation” and for good reason. The number of fast food restaurants has increased 200% over the past 33 years. About 25% of adults and 30% of children eat fast foods on a typical day. That’s 1 out of every 4 adults and nearly 1 out of every 3 children! 23 Fast foods. Say: Fast food items are generally thought of as being high in calories, fat and sodium and lower in important vitamins and minerals. They are also low in fruits and vegetables and low in whole grain offerings. The good news is that more and more, both fast food and sit-down restaurants are adding healthier items to their menus! Today, it is possible to eat a reasonably nutritious meal on the go but you need to know the approximate calorie and fat content of the offerings! Restaurants that have more than 20 locations will have to post calorie counts on their menu. Many fast food restaurants now offer salads and healthful side items as well as a variety of beverages. 24 Fast foods. Know what you are eating. Say: To get to know what you are eating at fast food restaurants, there are several things you need to do: Look at the nutrition guide of the fast food restaurant. Each restaurant has a list of their foods with the nutrition information. The nutrition guide will tell you the nutrition content of each menu item. You can estimate how much fat and calories is in each food and a meal. Know your portion sizes. How much food you need to eat depends on your body size. Smaller person has lower calorie needs than a larger person. Females need fewer calories than males.
  • 6. Learn the various ways that foods are cooked. For example, choosing foods that are grilled, roasted, baked or steamed over foods that are fried means fewer calories and lower fat intake. 25 Nutrition facts label. Do: Distribute the food label to the students. Say: The information in the main or top section of the label, can vary with each food product; it contains product-specific information (serving size, calories, and nutrient information). Serving Size: Tells you how big one serving is. The size of the serving on the food package influences the number of calories and all the nutrient amounts listed on the top part of the label. Number of servings: Tells how many servings are in the entire food. Calories provide a measure of how much energy you get from a serving of this food. How many calories from fat are there in ONE serving? Calories per serving: Number of calories per one serving of food Total Fat: Total amount of fat (in grams) found in one serving. Saturated Fat: The amount of saturated fat (in grams) in one serving Trans Fat: The amount of trans fat (in grams) in one serving. Fats: Important: Health experts recommend that you keep your intake of saturated fat, trans fat and cholesterol as low as possible as part of a nutritionally balanced diet. Cholesterol: The amount of cholesterol (in milligrams) in one serving Sodium: The amount of sodium (in milligrams) in one serving Most Americans don't get enough dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, and iron in their diets. They are identified in blue as Get Enough of these Nutrients. Fiber: For example fiber: The amount of fiber (in grams) found in one serving of that food. The same is true for vitamins A, C, calcium and iron. Eating enough of these nutrients can improve your health and help reduce the risk of some diseases and conditions. The bottom part contains a footnote with Daily Values (DVs) for 2,000 and 2,500 calorie diets. This footnote provides recommended dietary information for important nutrients, including fats, sodium and fiber. The footnote is found only on larger packages and does not change from product to product.
  • 7. 26 Say: Let’s take a closer look at serving sizes. 27 Soft drinks. Say: As you can see, calories in the drink increase with increasing serving size. A serving size used in MyPyramid is 8 fl oz. It is recommended that we get 8 servings of fluids a day (8 fl oz/each each day or 64 oz). Eight servings of fluids should include all the fluids you are having in a day, such as water, juice, soft drinks, coffee etc. All of these servings pictured are larger than the recommended 8 fl oz. The normal sizes in fast food restaurants are:  Large (32 fl oz) 310 kcal  Medium (21 fl oz) 210 kcal  Small (16 fl oz) 150 kcal  Junior/Child (12 fl oz) 110 kcal 28 Soft drinks. Say: If you order 1% milk instead of regular soda with a meal you get much healthier alternative. Although the milk does contain calories, low-fat milk (unlike soda) is nutrient dense and contains the nutrients calcium and protein which are important for healthy bones and teeth. You can also order diet soda instead of regular soda to cut down on calories. This saves you from consuming a lot of “empty” calories, meaning that the calories from soda come mainly from sugar and provide no vitamins and minerals.
  • 8. 29 French fries. Say: Again the serving size of fries makes a difference in the number of calories consumed. A large serving has more than twice the calories of the small serving and has almost 3 times as much fat.  Large 570 kcal, 30 g fat, 6 g saturated fat  Medium 380 kcal, 20 g fat, 4 g saturated fat  Small 250 kcal, 13 g fat, 2.5 g saturated fat Large fries have more than twice the amount of fat grams and total calories than the small fries 30 French fries. Say: What can you do? Order the smallest serving or order something else in place of the fries? Many fast food restaurants have baked potatoes. Those are a much healthier choice. True, it may have more calories than the small order of fries, but it is a much healthier choice. The plain baked potato has no fat, whereas the small fries had 13 g total fat and 2.5 g saturated fat. 31 Making healthier choices. Say: Let’s learn to Make Healthier Choices. We will do A Comparison of Different Foods. 32 Making healthier choices.
  • 9. Say: Let’s learn to make Healthier Choices at Breakfast The plain biscuit is lowest in calories, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium when compared to the other two choices. It is the best choice of the three. The Egg McMuffin, which contains the most fiber and zero grams of trans fat is the next best choice. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Biscuit 240 11 2.5 5 0 680 1 Muffin with 300 12 4.5 0 230 860 2 egg Sausage 500 31 10 5 250 1,080 1 Biscuit with Egg 33 Making healthier choices. Say: The McGriddles are lower in calories, total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol and sodium than are the big breakfast and deluxe breakfast. The sausage McGriddle has fewer calories, less cholesterol and less sodium than the bacon, egg and cheese version. Of the four breakfasts listed, the sausage McGriddle is the better choice, followed by the bacon egg and cheese McGriddle. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Sausage and 420 22 7 1.5 30 990 1 Pancakes Bacon, Egg, 450 21 7 1.5 245 1,260 1 and Cheese Pancakes Large 730 46 14 7 465 1,470 3 Breakfast with sausage and pancakes Brfst with 1,220 61 17 11 480 1,920 4 hashbrowns, sausage, eggs, and bicuit
  • 10. 34 Making healthier choices. Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices for fish and chicken. As you can see Premium Grilled chicken classic has the fewest grams of total fat, saturated fat and no trans fat and makes the best choices. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Fish 400 18 4 1 40 640 1 sandwich Grilled 420 9 2 0 80 1240 3 chicken sandwich Fried 500 16 3 1.5 60 1380 3 chicken sandwich 35 Making healthier choices. Say: Let’s make healthier choices for burgers with cheese. All three burgers are with cheese. Although the quarter pounder has less calories and grams of saturated fat than the Big N Tasty, it is not greatly different. Healthier choices would be the burger versions that are available without cheese. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Large 510 25 12 1.5 95 1150 3 hamburger with cheese 1 Large 520 26 10 1.5 95 1010 3 hamburger with cheese 2 Laarge 560 30 10 1.5 80 1010 3 hamburger with cheese 3 Triple meat 1230 82 32 3.5 275 1590 3 Sandwich with cheese 36 Making healthier choices.
  • 11. Say: Let’s learn to make Healthier Choices and Look at Burgers without Cheese. The Quarter pounder without cheese has less calories, along with less total, saturated, and trans fat, and less cholesterol and sodium than the Big N’ Tasty without cheese. It is the better choice of the two. And is a better choice than the 3 burgers listed on the previous slide Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Hamburger 210 9 3.5 0.5 30 530 1 Large 420 18 7 1 70 730 3 hamburger without cheese 1 Large 470 23 8 1.5 80 790 3 hamburger without cheese 2 Double meat 900 57 19 2 175 1040 3 37 Making healthier choices. Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices with Crispy Chicken Salads. The Asian Salad is the best choice of the three salad options. It is the lowest in calories, total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol and the highest in fiber. The Caesar salad and bacon ranch are both similar in calories, fat, cholesterol and sodium. Although the Asian salad is the best choice, an even better choice would be the grilled Asian salad. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Salad with fried chicken & 460 19.5 2 1.5 45 1710 6 dressing Caesar salad with fried 490 31 7.5 1.5 75 1520 3 chicken & Caesar dressing Salad with fried chicken, bacon 510 31 7.5 1.5 90 1670 3 & ranch dressing
  • 12. Dressing 38 Making healthier choices. Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices with Grilled Chicken Salads. Compared with the crispy chicken versions, these salads are lower in calories, fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol and sodium. In fact, none of these salads have any trans fat at all. The salads are all similar in nutrient content before the dressing is added. The dressings add more fat and calories to the salads. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Salad with 380 12.5 1 0 65 1570 6 Grilled Chicken & Sesame Ginger Dressing Salad with 410 24 6.5 0 95 1390 3 Grilled Chicken & Caesar Dressing Salad with 430 24 6.5 0 110 1530 3 Grilled chicken, bacon & Ranch Dressing 39 Making healthier choices. Say: Let’s learn to make healthier choices with ice cream The better choice of the four shown here would be the reduced fat ice cream cone. It is the lowest in calories, total fat, saturated fat, and trans fat, as well as the lowest in cholesterol and sodium. The next best choice would be the caramel sundae followed by the 12 oz vanilla shake. The least healthy choice of the 4 would be the McFlurry. It is the highest in calories, fat, cholesterol, and sodium. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat
  • 13. Vanilla 150 3.5 2 0 15 60 0 Reduced Fat Ice Cream Cone Hot Caramel 340 7 4.5 0 30 140 0 Sundae Vanilla 420 10 6 0.5 40 140 0 Triple Thick Shake (12 oz) Ice cream 620 20 12 1 55 190 1 flurry with M & M’s (12 oz) 40 Making healthier choices. Say: Let’s learn to choose healthy choices for snacks. The apple dippers and fruit ‘n yogurt parfait are the best choices of the five. They are the lowest in calories and in fat and are also very low in sodium and cholesterol. The next best choice is the fruit and walnut salad. Although it does have more calories than the apple pie and the cookies, it is a better choice because it is lower in saturated fat and contains zero trans fat. It is also lower in sodium than the cookies and pie, and has the highest fiber content of all the snacks. Calories Total Saturated Trans Cholesterol Sodium Fiber Fat Fat Fat Apple slices 100 0.5 0 0 5 40 0 with Low Fat Caramel Dip Fruit ‘n 160 2 1 0 5 85 1 Yogurt Parfait with granola Fruit salad 310 13 2 0 5 85 6 with nuts Baked Apple 250 11 3 4.5 0 150 2 Pie Chocolate 270 11 6 0 35 170 1 Chip Cookies 41 Making healthier choices.
  • 14. Say: Let’s look at some tips for choosing wisely in quick service restaurants.  Choose grilled meats over fried when possible.  Grilled meats are lower in calories, fat, cholesterol and sodium. Overall, they will have fewer calories and grams of fat!  Watch foods like cheese, bacon and sausage.  These foods are high in calories, fat, and sodium (salt). Try to limit these foods!  Be careful with salad dressings!  They are well-known sources of hidden fats and calories. One tablespoon can be 100 calories. Try to use the lower fat, or non-fat versions! 42 Making healthier choices. Say:  Watch serving sizes on beverages and snacks.  Whereas a 12 oz vanilla shake may only have 420 calories, a 21 oz shake has 740 calories.  Don’t choose foods based on calories alone. It can be deceiving!  The fruit and walnut salad has more calories than the baked apple pie and the chocolate chip cookies. However, this does not mean that it is a poorer choice. When looking at the saturated fat and trans fat levels (bad fats) in the foods, the walnut salad has less. It also contains less cholesterol than the cookies and less sodium than both the cookies and the pie. 43 Choosing Healthier Options for Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner. Say: Let’s learn to choose healthier options for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. 44 Healthy Choices/Balance Say: Let’s look at a typical breakfast one may have at a fast food restaurant. Breakfast (Typical) Big Breakfast (scrambled eggs, sausage patty, hash browns, and biscuit) Medium Orange Juice (16 oz) The nutrition breakdown is as follows: Kcal: 910 Cholesterol: 465 mg Total Fat: 46 g Sodium: 1,475 mg
  • 15. Saturated Fat: 14 g Fiber: 3 g Trans Fat: 7 g 45 Healthy Choices/Balance. Breakfast (Better Choice) Say: Let’s look at a healthier option for breakfast. This meal would have 1 Biscuit, Plain Fruit ‘N Yogurt Parfait (small) Strawberry Preserves Small Orange Juice (12 oz) Kcal: 575 Cholesterol: 5 mg Total Fat: 13 g Sodium: 770 mg Saturated Fat: 3.5 g Fiber: 2 g Trans Fat: 5 g 46 Making healthier choices. Say: By Choosing the Better Breakfast You saved: 335 Kcal 33 g Total Fat 10.5 g Saturated Fat 2 g Trans Fat 460 mg Cholesterol 705 mg Sodium At this meal 47 Healthy Choices/Balance. Breakfast (Better Choice) Say: Let’s look at another healthier option for breakfast. This meal would have English Muffin, Plain Scrambled Eggs Strawberry Preserves Small Orange Juice (12 oz) Kcal: 535 Cholesterol: 435 mg Total Fat: 16.5 g Sodium: 490 mg Saturated Fat: 5 g Fiber: 2 g Trans Fat: 0 g 48 Making healthier choices. Say: By Choosing the other breakfast option you saved: 375 Kcal 29.5 g Total Fat 9 g Saturated Fat
  • 16. 7 g Trans Fat 30 mg Cholesterol 985 mg Sodium At this meal 49 Healthy Choices/Balance Say: Lets look at a typical lunch you may be choosing at a fast food restaurant. You may choose a large hamburger with Cheese, Medium French fries, and a Medium Soft Drink That amounts to Kcal: 1,100 Cholesterol: 95 mg Total Fat: 45 g Sodium: 1,385 mg Saturated Fat: 16 g Fiber: 8 g Trans Fat: 6.5 g As you notice, it has a lot of calories. 50 Healthy Choices/Balance Say: Let’s look at a lunch that is a better choice in terms of calories and fat. You can have a large hamburger without cheese, a Side Salad, with Low Fat Family Recipe Italian Dressing, Medium Iced Tea, Unsweetened, and Fruit & nut salad Kcal: 810 Cholesterol: 75 mg Total Fat: 33.5 g Sodium: 1,570 mg Saturated Fat: 9 g Fiber: 10 g Trans Fat: 1 g This meal has less calories and fat just by making a few different choices. 51 Choosing the Better Lunch Say: By Choosing the Better Lunch You saved: 290 Kcal 11.5 g Total Fat 7 g Saturated Fat 5.5 g Trans Fat 20 mg Cholesterol At this meal and you gained 2 g of fiber! 52 Healthy Choices/Balance Say: Now, let’s move on to the evening meal. This may be a typical meal you may choose:
  • 17. Fried Chicken pieces (5 piece) Medium Soda Baked Apple Pie This has: Kcal: 1,090 Cholesterol: 90 mg Total Fat: 44 g Sodium: 1,715 mg Saturated Fat: 9 g Fiber: 2 g Trans Fat: 9 g As you can tell, the meal is loaded with calories and fat. 53 Healthy Choices/Balance, Dinner (Better Choice) Say: Now, if you made some other choices such as: Asian Salad with Grilled Chicken, with Low Fat Sesame Ginger Dressing, Medium Diet Soda, and Vanilla Reduced Fat Ice Cream Cone for dessert, your nutrient intake would be as follows: Kcal: 530 Cholesterol: 80 mg Total Fat: 16 g Sodium: 1,660 mg Saturated Fat: 3 g Fiber: 6 g Trans Fat: 0 g 54 By Choosing the Better Dinner Say: Since you made healthier choices, you saved: 560 Kcal 28 g Total Fat 6 g Saturated Fat 9 g Trans Fat 10 mg Cholesterol 55 mg Sodium As you can see you have almost halved the calories, reduced fat by two thirds and eliminated all trans fats. You also increased fiber by 4 grams. 55 Say: A Look at the Two Diets This gives you the running total for the two sets of meals we just went over. The nutrition facts for the typical meal are: Calories 3,100
  • 18. Total Fat 135 g Saturated Fat 39 g Trans Fat 22.5 g Cholesterol 650 mg Sodium 4,575 mg Fiber 13 g While the totals for the better meals are: Calories 1,915 Total Fat 62.5 g Saturated Fat 15.5 g Trans Fat 6g Cholesterol 160 mg Sodium 4,000 Fiber 18 g As you can see there is a big difference in the total values. 56 Say: Your Total Daily Savings because you chose the Better Choice at Each Meal you saved: 1,185 Kcal 72.5 g Total Fat 23.5 g Saturated Fat 16.5 g Trans Fat 490 mg Cholesterol 575 mg Sodium If you made these kinds of choices on a weekly basis, not even every time you ate, you would save more than Calories a year. This would amount to about 17 pounds. 57 What is Healthy Diet like?
  • 19. Say: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans state that a healthy diet is one that:  Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products;  Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, nuts; and  Is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, sodium (salt), and added sugars 58 Do: a post test. Make sure you have a copy of post assessment. Say: Which of these choices has the highest calorie content?  Chicken Selects Premium Breast Strips (10) (McDonald’s)  Meat Lovers Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut)  Sausage Gravy Biscuit (Arby’s)  Double Quarter Pounder with Cheese (McDonald’s)  Triple Whopper (Burger King) Ask for a show of hands and record responses. Do: Record the number of hands for each choice on the post assessment. 59 Say: The highest calorie content was in the Chicken Selects Premium Breast Strips (10) (McDonald’s), 1, 270 Calories. Meat Lovers Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut) has 740 Calories, Sausage Gravy Biscuit (Arby’s) has 961 Calories, Double Quarter Pounder with Cheese (McDonald’s) has 730 Calories, and Double Whopper Sandwich with Cheese (Burger King) has 1,070 Calories. A close second. 60 Do: a post test. Make sure you have a copy of post assessment. Say: Which of these choices has the highest fat content? Deluxe Breakfast (McDonald’s) Sausage Lover’s Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut) Fiesta Taco Salad (Taco Bell) Big N’ Tasty (McDonald’s) Triple Whopper sandwich with cheese (Burger King) Ask for a show of hands and record responses. Do: Record the number of hands for each choice on the post assessment. 61 Say: The highest fat content was in Triple Whopper sandwich with cheese (Burger King) 82 grams, the highest fat content. Deluxe Breakfast (McDonald’s) has 61 grams of fat, Sausage Lover’s Pizza - 2 slices (Pizza Hut) has 40 grams, Fiesta Taco Salad (Taco Bell) has 46 grams, and Big N’ Tasty (McDonald’s) has 26 grams of fat.
  • 20. 62 Authors: Heli Roy, PhD, RD Shanna Lundy, BS Division of Education Phillip Brantley, PhD, Director Pennington Biomedical Research Center Steven Heymsfield, MD, Executive Director he Pennington Biomedical Research Center is a world-renowned nutrition research center. Mission: To promote healthier lives through research and education in nutrition and preventive medicine. The Pennington Center has several research areas, including: Clinical Obesity Research Experimental Obesity Functional Foods Health and Performance Enhancement Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Nutrition and the Brain Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy living and on the prevention of common chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis. The Division of Education provides education and information to the scientific community and the public about research findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on various health issues. We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being conducted at the Pennington Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000. Edited : October 2012