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                              ‘‘
Becoming an Academy
Heads of converted schools
talk about how they made
the change
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                Becoming an Academy | 2




Heads up                                                 Contents
Changing	the	status	of	your	school	is	a	big	step,	       4   The decision to convert
especially	when	it	involves	extra	responsibility.		      	   Why	we	applied	for	Academy	status
But	the	gains	can	be	great,	including	control	over	      	   What	it’s	done	for	my	school
your	budget,	curriculum	and	even	the	school	year.	       	   What	to	consider	before	applying

We’ve	talked	to	head	teachers	whose	schools	have	
converted	to	Academy	status	about	what	it	meant		        9   The conversion process
for	them.	Why	did	they	decide	to	convert?	How	did	       	   How	we	consulted	staff,	parents	and	governors
they	manage	the	process	and	cope	with	everything	        	   How	we	managed	the	conversion	process
from	legal	paperwork	to	new	funding	arrangements?	       	   How	we	managed	our	new	funding	arrangements
How	did	they	consult	with	staff	and	parents?	And	
what’s	their	relationship	with	their	local	authority		   12 Working relationships
like	after	the	move?	                                    	   Our	relationship	with	the	local	authority
                                                         	   How	we	support	other	schools
                                                         	   The	support	we	received	from	DfE
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                          Becoming an Academy | 3



Meet the heads
                                                                 Name:	Helen	Hyde
                                                                 School:	Watford	Grammar	School	for	Girls
        Name:	Jonathan	Bishop                                    Type:	Secondary
        School:	Broadclyst	Academy	Primary	School,	              Previous status:	Voluntary-aided	
        near	Exeter	                                             Size:	1,260	pupils
        Previous status:	Primary	community	school
        Size:	420	pupils



                                                                            Name:	Mike	Sandeman
                     Name:	Kevin	Eveleigh	OBE                               School:	Arthur	Mellows	Village	College,	
                     School:	Barnby	Road	School,	Newark                     Peterborough	
                     Type:	Primary                                          Type:	Secondary	with	sixth	form
                     Previous status:	Primary	community	school              Previous status:	Foundation	school
                     Size:	430	pupils	                                      Size:	1,555	pupils




        Name:	Paul	Gazzard                                       Name:	Ian	Widdows	(deputy	head)
        School:	St	Buryan	Academy	Primary	School,	               School:	Giles	Academy,	near	Boston,	Lincs
        Cornwall	                                                Type:	Secondary	(11–18)
        Previous status:	Foundation	school	                      Previous status:	Foundation	school	
        Size:	122	pupils                                         (Secondary	modern)	
                                                                 Size:	1,030	pupils



                     Name:	Lesley	Grace
                     School:	Seaton	Academy,	Cumbria                        Name:	Alan	Yellup
                     Type:	Primary	(3–7)                                    School:	Wakefield	City	Academy
                     Previous status:	Part-maintained	                      Type:	Secondary
                     Size:	224	pupils	                                      Previous status:	Foundation	school
                                                                            Size:	720	pupils
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                               Becoming an Academy | 4




                                 The decision to convert
                                    Converting to Academy status is                  improve	pay	and	conditions	for	our	staff	
                                                                                     without	having	to	answer	for	why	we’ve	
                                    a big move for any school. Here,
                                                                                     done	it.	
                                    heads discuss how they came to
                                                                                     Helen Hyde:	It’s	also	about	the	ability	to	
                                    their decision, the benefits for                 be	able	to	do	things	more	quickly	without	
                                                                                     waiting	for	approval	–	for	example,	we	can	
                                    their schools and what you should
                                                                                     appoint	someone	and	issue	contracts	on		
                                    consider before converting.                      the	same	day.		
                                                                                     KE:	On	a	purely	practical	note,	we	had	
                                    Why we applied for                               to	find	better	value	because	we	had	just	
                                    Academy status                                   paid	to	have	three	new	classrooms	built	
                                                                                     and	couldn’t	afford	to	buy	all	of	the	local	
                                    Kevin Eveleigh:	For	us,	it	was	about	            authority	services	we	had	used	previously.	
                                    autonomy.	We	wanted	to	focus	on	our		            We	also	wanted	to	protect	our	staffing,	
                                    own	school	initiatives	and	those	didn’t	         particularly	a	team	of	brilliant	teaching	
                                    always	marry	effectively	with	local		            assistants.	
                                    authority	priorities.	
                                                                                     Mike Sandeman:	Schools	that	do	well,	
                                    Jonathan Bishop:	That	was	our	main	reason	       like	ours,	can	get	overlooked	in	funding	
                                    too.	We	were	developing	a	personalised	          discussions.	Because	we	are	not	problematic	
                                    curriculum	that	suited	the	needs	of	our	         and	seem	to	be	doing	OK,	resources	
                                    pupils,	while	our	local	authority	had	more	of	   are	pumped	elsewhere.	We	suffered	
                                    a	one-size-fits-all	approach.	Academy	status	    underfunding	over	a	long	period	and	
                                    allows	us	to	be	innovative	without	having	to	    Academy	status	allowed	us	to	take	control,	
                                    justify	what	we’re	doing	at	every	stage.	        and	hopefully	make	the	right	decisions.		
                                    Alan Yellup:	There’s	no	one-size-fits-           AY:	We’re	in	a	challenging	area,	so	every	
                                    all	in	education.	For	us,	the	freedom	to	        penny	of	resource	is	important	to	us		
                                    personalise	the	curriculum	around	pupils	        to	make	a	difference	for	our	pupils.		
                                    to	keep	them	engaged	with	education	was	         Academy	status	enables	us	to	put	the		
                                    crucial.		We	also	wanted	the	freedom	to	         money	where	it	suits	our	needs.		
Q
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                       Becoming an Academy | 5




‘‘
                ‘‘                                                                               Do schools need to consult
                                                                                                 before converting?
                                                                                                 Yes,	you	are	required	to	carry	out	a	
                                                                                                 consultation	to	ask	if	the	school	should	
                                                                                                 become	an	Academy.		There	are	many	
                                                                                                 different	ways	in	which	this	can	be	done		
                                                                                                 in	order	to	give	interested	parties	a	chance	
                                                                                                 to	respond	and	ask	questions.	Examples	
KE:	It’s	not	new	or	extra	money.	
It’s	just	our	existing	allocation	but		
                                                  What it’s done for                             can	be	found	in	the	conversion	guide	
                                                                                                 (available	on	the	DfE	website).
coming	straight	to	us.	I	felt	if	we	could	        my school
manage	that	money	and	get	a	better	deal	
                                                  JB:	We	are	saving	a	lot	of	money	–	for	
for	our	children,	we	should.	We	are	not	a	rich	
                                                  example,	our	new	payroll	system	costs	half	    Can teachers’ pay and conditions
area	or	a	wealthy	catchment,	far	from	it.	
                                                  what	the	local	authority	charged.		We	can	     be changed?
Lesley Grace:	We	already	managed	a	lot	of	        plough	that	money	back	into	teaching.	
                                                                                                 When	a	school	converts,	staff	are	entitled	
our	own	budget	–	Cumbria	allows	all	schools	
                                                  KE:	That’s	right.	We	have	more	control	over	   to	transfer	under	the	same	employment	
to	do	this	–	but	we	were	still	spending	too	
                                                  the	allocation	of	our	resources	to	meet	our	   terms	and	conditions.	However,	once	open,	
much	time	focused	on	compliance	with	local	
                                                  own	needs.	So,	not	only	do	we	not	have	        you	may	consult	with	staff	and	their	union	
authority	initiatives	that	weren’t	necessary		
                                                  to	lay	off	any	teaching	assistants,	we	have	   representatives	on	possible	changes;	for	
or	relevant.	
                                                  employed	an	extra	teacher	and	I’ve	been	       example,	this	could	be	over	different	term	
Ian Widdows:	We	wanted	an	extension	              able	to	promote	our	secretary	to	become	a	     times	or	the	length	of	the	school	day.		
to	the	freedoms	we	already	had	as	a	              business	manager,	freeing	up	my	time	from	
foundation	school	and	we	liked	the	idea	          office	work.	
of	having	a	direct	link	to	the	DfE	without	
                                                  Paul Gazzard:	We’ve	been	able	to	appoint	
having	to	first	work	through	the	local	
                                                  an	extra	teacher	and	set	up	an	extra	class.	
authority.	
                                                  As	a	result	all	our	classes	–	which	used	to	
MS:	Yes.	We	were	also	a	Foundation	school,	       be	about	28	pupils	each	–	are	now	reduced	
so	we	were	used	to	making	decisions	on	           to	an	average	of	20.	Every	class	now	has	
outsourcing	services.	Becoming	an	Academy	        a	full	time	teaching	assistant,	which	was	
was	a	natural	progression.	                       previously	not	the	case.			
Q
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                         Becoming an Academy | 6




AY:	Pupil	welfare	is	very	important	in	our	                                                       How will the role of governors change
inner	city	school.	Having	control	of	all	our	    “We are free to innovate                         if we became an Academy?
resources	means	we	can	hire	a	dedicated	
                                                                                                  The	principles	of	governance	are	the	same	
staff	member	who	will	be	on	site	every		          and develop systems                             in	Academies	as	in	maintained	schools	but	
day	and	go	out	and	meet	families	and	
                                                                                                  the	governing	body	has	greater	autonomy.	
support	parents.		                                and procedures that are
                                                                                                  On	converting	to	an	Academy,	the		
KE:	We’ve	also	bought	£4,000	of	instruments	
to	expand	music	provision	and	improved	
                                                  appropriate to the needs                        current	governing	body	establishes	an	
                                                                                                  Academy	Trust	–	a	charitable	company	
our	CPD	programme	for	staff.	As	well	as	that,	
we	have	financial	certainty.	We	know	our	
                                                  of the school.”                                 limited	by	guarantee	responsible	for	the		
                                                                                                  strategic	oversight	of	the	Academy,	with	
budget	well	in	advance	from	September	to	        Helen Hyde, Watford Grammar
                                                                                                  control	over	the	school’s	land	and	other	
July	and	it	matches	our	Improvement	Plan.	
                                                 School for Girls                                 assets.	The	responsibilities	will	be	similar	
LG:	School	governance	has	improved	–	we	                                                          to	those	in	most	maintained	schools.	
have	no	big	committees	any	more,	each	of	
                                                 AY:	While	focusing	on	the	core	subjects,	we	     The	governing	body	can	continue	to	
our	trustees	has	responsibility	for	specific	
                                                 can	also	personalise	the	curriculum	to	meet	     delegate	functions	to	committees,	the	
tasks	and	areas	of	work.	Decision	making		
                                                 the	individual	needs	of	pupils.	For	example,	    principal	or	any	other	holder	of	an	
is	easier	and	more	accountable.	
                                                 if	a	pupil	wants	to	do	three	sciences	at	GCSE	   executive	office.	The	governing	body		
HH:	It’s	put	the	“fun”	back	into	education	      instead	of	one,	we	can	do	that.	                 can	also	buy	in	additional	skills	and	
for	us.	We	are	free	to	innovate	and	develop	                                                      services	such	as	HR	support	or	training		
                                                 JB:	An	important	freedom	for	us	is	being	
systems	and	procedures	that	are	appropriate	                                                      for	governors.
                                                 able	to	develop	projects	in	collaboration	
to	the	needs	of	the	school	without	going	to	
                                                 with	other	schools	and	high	profile	             Governors	should	not	get	involved	in	the	
the	LEA	for	approval.		
                                                 corporate	partners.	This	includes	an	ICT	        day-to-day	management	of	the	school.		
                                                 project	that	will	enable	our	students	to	
                                                 continue	their	learning	at	home	in	new		
                                                 and	exciting	ways.		
Q
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                           Becoming an Academy | 7




                                                                                                   What does the conversion
                                                                                                   process involve?
                                                                                                   The	conversion	process	has	been	made	
                                                                                                   as	simple	as	possible.		The	key	steps	are	
                                                                                                   explained	in	our	conversion	guide	(available	
                                                                                                   on	the	website).	This	process	differs	slightly	




‘‘
                                                                                                   according	to	the	type	of	school	and	who	
                                                                                                   owns	the	buildings	and	land.		
                ‘‘                                 What to consider
                                                   before applying
                                                                                                   As	a	minimum,	you	must:	
                                                                                                   •	 create	a	company	by	registering	your	
                                                                                                      Trust	with	Companies	House;	
                                                                                                   •	 establish	a	new	bank	account	for	the	
                                                   PG:	The	biggest	thing	you	need	is	                 Trust,	so	that	the	Academy	can	receive	
                                                   confidence.	It	is	imperative	that	the	             funding;	and	
                                                   governing	body	has	this.	There	must	be	         •	 transfer,	renew,	purchase	or	procure	
HH:	We	value	the	flexibility	to	procure	locally	   confidence	that	the	senior	management		            new	contracts,	service	level	agreements,	
and	get	best	value.	If	we	need	a	building	         can	deliver	an	improvement	to	the		                licences	and	insurance,	as	appropriate.		
repair,	it’s	done	within	hours.	A	tender	for	      present	curriculum,	and	benefit		               Schools	can	seek	further	assistance	from	
bigger	jobs	can	be	in	place	in	days.			            the	school	financially.                         their	named	contact	in	the	Department.
We	can	also	choose	to	join	community
                                                   IW:	Yes.	You	need	to	be	sure	of	your	reasons	
partnerships	that	bring	real	value	to	our	
                                                   for	changing	and	how	that	comes	out	of	the	
students	and	local	schools	and	not	join	                                                           Are there financial rules that
                                                   aims	of	the	school	–	and	communicate	this	
talking	shops	that	have	no	real	benefit.	                                                          academies must adhere to?
                                                   clearly	to	all	your	stakeholders.	
KE:	I	agree.	I	like	being	able	to	choose	the	                                                      	The	Academies Financial Handbook	(2006)	
                                                   MS:	Academy	status	does	mean	more	              sets	out	guidelines	for	Academy	financial	
education	initiatives	I	want	to	get	involved		
                                                   responsibility	and	accountability	falls	on		    arrangements.	The	current	version	is	
in	and	can	ignore	those	that	aren’t	relevant.	
                                                   you.	You	have	to	be	sure	this	is	what	you	      available	online	from	the	publications	section	
All	my	meetings	are	about	the	school	I	work	
                                                   want	and	make	the	call	with	your	senior	        of	the		Young	People’s	Learning	Agency’s	
in	and	the	children	I	know.	
                                                   team	and	colleagues.		                         (YPLA’s)	website	at	www.ypla.gov.uk			
Q
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                          Becoming an Academy | 8




JB:	I	agree.	However,	I	wouldn’t	be	overawed	     HH:	Communication	is	vital	–	you	need	           Do we cover the full cost of the
by	people	telling	you	what	you	need	to	           to	talk	to	your	staff	regularly	throughout,	     conversion to an Academy?
convert.	They’re	probably	trying	to	sell	their	   making	sure	their	questions	are	answered.	
                                                                                                   DfE	will	pay	a	flat-rate	grant	of	£25,000	
services.	You	don’t	need	a	detailed	business	
                                                  AY:	That’s	right.	Establish	an	open	and	         to	the	school’s	bank	account.	This	is	a	
plan	or	the	services	of	a	large	accountancy	
                                                  honest	process	and	think	about	how	you	will	     contribution	to	the	cost	and	you	are	
firm.	A	good	solicitor	will	guide	you	through	
                                                  consult	your	staff,	parents	and	stakeholders,	   expected	to	make	up	any	remaining		
the	whole	process.	You	do	need	to	allow	
                                                  including	the	unions	–	invite	them	into	the	     costs,	but	this	can	be	kept	to	a	minimum		
time	–	at	least	three	months	–	and	staff	to	
                                                  process	rather	than	trying	to	block	them	out.	   if	carefully	managed.	We	have	also		
help	you	gather	the	required	information	
                                                                                                   produced	model	legal	documentation	
and	process	the	paperwork.                        IW:	Consider	the	timing	of	your	conversion	
                                                                                                   (available	on	the	website)	which	can		
                                                  carefully,	so	you	don’t	have	too	much	to	do	
AY:	You	need	to	allow	enough	time	and	                                                             help	to	reduce	legal	costs.	
                                                  over	any	holiday	period,	when	many	people	
resource	–	there	is	a	lot	of	documentation	
                                                  are	unavailable.                                 In	exceptional	circumstances	–	for	example,	
and	it’s	too	much	for	any	one	person	to	deal	
                                                                                                   if	you	are	involved	in	a	PFI	contract	and	need	
with.	My	advice	to	any	head	would	be	to	          AY:		Know	the	facts	and	be	prepared	
                                                                                                   additional	legal	advice	–	more	support	can	
delegate	responsibility.	                         to	counter	the	mythology	surrounding	
                                                                                                   be	agreed.
                                                  Academies.	There	were	all	sorts	of	scare	
KE:	Also	consider	whether	you	need	to	
                                                  stories	circulating	here	–	for	example,	
provide	office	cover	if	your	existing	office	
                                                  that	teachers	would	be	forced	to	teach	at	
staff	are	tied	up	with	the	paperwork.		                                                            How will ownership of the land work
                                                  other	schools	and	that	trustees	would	be	
I	would	recommend	visiting	a	school	that	                                                          if we become an Academy?
                                                  personally	liable	for	the	school’s	finances,	
has	converted	in	your	area	and	seeing		
                                                  none	of	which	had	any	basis	in	fact.		           In	most	cases	Academies	will	take	a	long	
how	they	managed	the	process.	
                                                                                                   lease	(125	years)	on	the	public	land	from	the	
                                                  JB:	And	be	prepared	that	the	work	doesn’t	
LG:	Appoint	good	solicitors	early	in	the	                                                          freeholder.	In	the	case	of	private	land,	the	
                                                  end	when	you	open	as	an	Academy.	You	will	
process	–	they	will	guide	you	through	all	the	                                                     owner	and	the	Academy	Trust	need	to	reach	
                                                  need	to	put	in	a	lot	of	effort	once	you	have	
technical	and	contractual	work.	And	make	                                                          an	agreement.	This	could	be	via	an	informal	
                                                  converted	in	setting	up	new	systems	and	
sure	your	staff	contracts	and	job	descriptions	                                                    agreement	or	via	a	lease	arrangement	
                                                  negotiating	with	suppliers	and	generally	
are	up	to	date	and	complete	ready	for	                                                             similar	to	the	one	above.	A	model	funding	
                                                  bedding	in	all	the	new	arrangements.			
transfer	and	that	your	suppliers	are	notified	                                                     agreement	and	lease	documents	can	be	
of	your	change	of	name.	                                                                           viewed	on	our	website.	(Continued on p10)		
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                        Becoming an Academy | 9




The conversion process
Once you’ve decided to go for                       KE:	In	our	case,	we	talked	to	the	senior	
                                                    leadership	team	first	to	test	the	water	and	
Academy status, what next?
                                                    talked	to	staff	before	we	announced	any	
Here, heads share their experiences                 plans.	Then	we	asked	the	governors	to	look	
                                                    at	it,	inviting	each	of	them	to	give	their	
of the conversion process, from
                                                    honest	opinion	in	a	special	meeting	–		
consulting staff and parents                        before	we	put	it	to	a	vote.	
to working out their funding                        LG:	We	talked	to	staff	first.	They	were	fully	
                                                    on	board	in	seeing	the	benefits	of	greater	
allocation.
                                                    financial	and	operational	freedom	–	we	
                                                    answered	all	the	questions	they	had	about	
How we consulted staff,                             TUPE	and	reassured	them	that	their	pay	and	
parents and governors                               conditions	would	not	be	affected.		
                                                    MS:	Our	staff	liked	the	fact	that	having	full	
PG:	We	started	off	by	talking	to	the	senior	
                                                    control	of	our	own	budgets	would	free	
governors	who	helped	us	reassure	staff	
                                                    up	extra	resource	and	actually	protect	us	
that	they	would	be	paid	according	to	the	
                                                    against	future	cuts.		
national	pay	scale	without	any	changes	to	
their	conditions	of	service	or	pensions.		          HH:	We	faced	strong	resistance	from	the	
Once	staff	were	reassured	about	their	pay	          unions,	especially	over	TUPE,	but	by	having	
and	conditions,	they	were	very	keen	to	have	        open	channels	of	communication	we	were	
the	extra	freedom.	We	sat	down	with	them	           able	to	keep	staff	on	board	and	gain	their	
in	a	big	meeting	where	everyone	was	able	to	        support	for	change.	
say	their	piece.	We	also	spoke	to	the	pupils	
                                                    LG:	It’s	important	to	include	the	unions	–	for	
and	assured	them	that	the	changes	would	
                                                    example,	GMB	asked	if	they	could	come	in	
not	affect	them	at	all,	except	in	positive	ways,	
                                                    to	talk	to	staff,	so	we	made	a	room	available	
such	as	more	resources	and	smaller	classes.
                                                    even	though	we	have	no	GMB	members.		
‘‘                                                                                                    Q
                 ‘‘
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                             Becoming an Academy | 10




                                                                                                      (Continued from p8)	
                                                                                                      We	expect	most	schools	to	convert	with		
MS:	In	our	school,	we	prepared	a	briefing	                                                            as	little	disturbance	as	possible.	Academies	
document	setting	out	our	proposals	and	sent	
                                                      How we managed the                              can	transfer	land	owned	by	the	governing	
it	out	to	all	interested	parties	and	stakeholders,	   conversion process                              body	to	the	Academy	Trust	which	is	a	
including	the	unions,	for	comment.                                                                    straightforward	process.	It	is	also	possible	
                                                      KE:	Choosing	the	right	legal	firm	was	our	
                                                                                                      for	existing	Foundations	(such	as	those	at	
KE:	Yes.	We	did	something	similar	by	putting	         most	important	decision	in	the	process.			
                                                                                                      many	voluntary-aided	schools)	to	continue	
together	a	list	of		“pros	and	cons”	as	honestly	      We	chose	a	firm	that	had	prior	experience	
                                                                                                      holding	land,	providing	there	are	no	legal	
as	possible.	That	same	list	was	available	to	         of	conversion	and	checked	out	the	schools	
                                                                                                      restrictions.	
parents,	staff	and	governors	throughout.	             they	claimed	to	have	converted	and	looked	
                                                      for	primary	experience.	Be	sure	to	question	
JB:	It’s	also	important	to	keep	a	record	
                                                      them	–	arrange	a	meeting	and	always	            Will we get more money as an Academy?
of	discussions	and	make	them	available	
                                                      involve	your	finance	officer/bursar/business	
afterwards.	We	kept	minutes	of	all	the	                                                               You	will	receive	the	same	level	of	per-pupil	
                                                      manager	and	chair	of	governors.	
meetings	we	held	and	were	very	open		                                                                 funding	as	a	maintained	school,	with	
and	transparent	throughout.		                         LG:	Our	solicitors	helped	us	to	handle	         additional	funding	to	cover	services	that	are	
                                                      most	technical	aspects	of	conversion,	          no	longer	provided	by	the	local	authority.	
MS:	We	ran	an	open	forum	meeting	for	
                                                      including	complying	with	charity	law,	the	      The	Government	is	clear	that	converting	
parents	who	were	supportive	on	the	                                                                   should	not	result	in	a	financial	advantage		
                                                      commercial	transfer,	lease,	TUPE	and	the	
whole	–	they	just	wanted	information	and	                                                             or	disadvantage	to	schools,	though	they		
                                                      funding	agreement	with	the	DfE	and	
reassurance.	We	had	47	parents	attend	                                                                will	have	greater	freedom	on	how	they		
                                                      registration	with	Companies	House.		
the	meeting	and	13	written	replies,	10	of	                                                            use	their	budgets.
                                                      Our	lawyers	also	advised	us	on	governance	
which	were	positive,	two	lukewarm	and	
                                                      and	forming	a	trust.	
one	suggested	we	were	converting	because	
Academy	heads	get	more	pay.	That	hurt!	               KE:	The	£25,000	conversion	grant	we	received	   Can we convert with a budget deficit
Most	of	the	concerns	we	encountered	were	             was	vital.	We	spent	it	on	the	solicitors	and	   or surplus?
misconceptions.	For	example,	some	parents	            new	systems	for	payroll	and	finance,	to	        Yes.	However,	if	you	have	a	significant	deficit,	
were	concerned	because	they	associated	               produce	the	level	of	accounts	required	for		    applications	may	be	postponed	until	it	has	
previous	Academies	with	failing	schools.	             a	company	limited	by	guarantee.			             been	managed	down	to	a	reasonable	level.	
Once	we	explained	that	difference	between	                                                            Schools	with	surplus	balances	can	carry	
the	new	and	old	Academies,	parents	were	                                                              these	over	when	they	convert.		
fully	supportive.
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                           Becoming an Academy | 11




LG:	Yes.	I	found	that	the	grant	we	got	to	      KE:	One	thing	that	has	proved	easier	than	
cover	conversion	costs	is	what	it	cost.	We	     we	expected	is	buying	in	our	own	services.	
                                                                                                 How we managed
didn’t	have	to	spend	from	our	own	budget.	      Once	you	convert	to	Academy	status,	you	         our new funding
JB:	We	decided	to	go	through	a	full	due	
                                                become	a	customer	and	you	have	the	power		
                                                to	negotiate	deals.	We	“cherry	picked”	some	
                                                                                                 arrangements
diligence	exercise.	We	set	up	a	working	
                                                of	the	excellent	services	still	on	offer	from	   LG:	We	used	the	ready	reckoner	on	the	DfE	
party	on	the	governing	body	to	look	at	the	
                                                our	local	authority	and	shopped	around	          website	to	work	out	what	our	funding	would	
risks	and	potential	costs	of	changing	status	
                                                for	the	others.	We	even	bought	some	from	        be.	It	gave	us	an	accurate	estimate	of	the	
across	everything	from	funding	to	ground	
                                                secondary	Academies	in	our	area.	                money	the	local	authority	takes	from	our	
maintenance	and	report	back.	I	wrote	a	
                                                                                                 budget	to	spend	on	our	behalf.	Governors	
paper	summarising	the	results,	with	lots	       IW:	We	are	still	in	the	process	of	buying	in	
                                                                                                 and	staff	found	it	made	a	very	powerful	case	
of	supporting	information,	after	which	we	      services.	We	have	continued	to	buy	some	
                                                                                                 for	conversion	to	Academy	status.	
put	it	to	a	vote	of	the	governors.	Because	     from	the	local	authority,	such	as	music	
we	went	through	such	a	thorough	process,	       services	and	FSM	assessment.	But	we	are	         AY:	We	also	used	the	ready	reckoner.	It	was	
we	had	good,	robust	answers	for	all	the	        about	to	switch	to	a	cheaper	broadband	          pretty	accurate	in	predicting	how	much	
questions	the	unions	asked	us	and	were		        provider	offering	five	times	the	speed.	         money	we	would	have	in	our	control.	
able	to	fully	justify	what	we	were	doing.		
                                                                                                 JB:	I	agree.	What	it	said	was	what	we	ended	
MS:	My	advice	would	be	to	start	early	                                                           up	getting	in	funding.	Using	our	existing	
and	allow	enough	time	and	resource	to	          “Once you convert to                             budget	information	and	the	figures	from		
complete	the	process.	We	were	among	the	                                                         the	ready	reckoner,	we	modelled	a	new	
first	to	convert	in	September	2010	and	we	      Academy status, you                              budget	based	on	buying	most	of	our	
had	to	do	a	lot	over	the	summer	holidays.	                                                       services	in	ourselves.	We	used	this	to	prove	
The	process	should	be	much	smoother	now!		      become a customer and                            to	our	stakeholders	that	we	would	be	no	
                                                                                                 worse	off	financially,	as	well	as	gaining	all	
IW:	I	would	also	advise	heads	who	are	
converting	to	look	at	existing	services	you	
                                                you have the power to                            our	extra	freedoms.	
buy	from	the	local	authority	without	a	                                                          PG:	Our	local	authority	gave	us	an	estimate	of	
formal	contract/agreement.	In	particular,	
                                                negotiate deals.”                                our	funding	which	was	reasonably	accurate.	
check	how	much	notice	you	need	to	give		        Kevin Eveleigh, Barnby Road School               We	have	bought	in	a	financial	reporting	
if	you	want	to	cancel.	                                                                          package	which	fits	our	needs	very	well.	The	
                                                                                                 whole	process	went	fairly	smoothly	for	us.		
‘‘
                 ‘‘
                                                                                            Q
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                   Becoming an Academy | 12




KE:	Our	funding	agreement	was	completed	          LG:	Controlling	100	per	cent	of	          How is Academy funding calculated?
within	the	timelines,	mainly	thanks	to	           the	money	allocated	to	us,	we	
                                                                                            The	General	Annual	Grant	(GAG)	funding	
the	solicitors	and	the	DfE	rep	continually	       feel	we’re	in	the	best	position	to	
                                                                                            will	be	based	on	the	level	of	local	authority	
explaining	the	“legal	jargon”	in	simple	terms.	   face	the	future,	even	if	there	are	
                                                                                            funding	already	calculated	for	the	school.	
                                                  budget	cuts.	The	local	authority	
LG:	It’s	really	important	to	have	a	clear	idea	                                             Grant	payments	to	Academies	to	replace	
                                                  can’t	claw	back	money	from	us	as	
of	your	existing	finances	before	you	start.	                                                local	authority	services	depend	on	the	level	
                                                  it	might	from	maintained	schools.			
Ask	your	local	authority	for	a	full	breakdown	                                              of	central	spend	in	the	local	authority.	This	
of	where	the	money	goes,	so	you	can	              IW:	I	agree.	I	would	just	caution	        can	vary	considerably	from	area	to	area.		
calculate	your	carry	forward	and	predict	         that	you	need	to	keep	an	eye	on	
                                                                                            Our	website	has	an	“Academies	Funding”	
future	spend.	This	really	gave	us	confidence	     the	money	you	get	to	ensure	you	
                                                                                            page	explaining	this	in	more	detail,	
that	we	could	do	it.		                            are	receiving	all	that	you	should.	
                                                                                            alongside	a	list	of	central	services	that	you	
                                                  At	times,	I	have	found	it	difficult	to	
AY:	We	had	to	push	our	local	authority	to	                                                  may	be	expected	to	provide.	It	also	includes	
                                                  identify	whether	we	have	received	
give	us	a	full	breakdown	of	all	grant	money	                                                a	ready	reckoner	which	enables	schools	
                                                  it	or	not.	
and	make	sure	we	would	get	all	the	funds	                                                   considering	converting	to	calculate	the	
we	were	due.	But	we	were	always	confident	        LG:	As	far	as	capital	funding	            level	of	funding	they	should	receive	as	an	
that	we	would	have	more	money	available	          goes,	conversion	has	made	no	             Academy.	It	also	allows	them	to	compare	
to	spend	on	pupils	simply	because	we	             difference	to	our	entitlement.		          this	with	the	funding	they	currently	receive.			
would	no	longer	need	to	buy	services		            The	only	difference	is	a	slight	gap		
                                                                                            This	will	give	schools	an	estimate	of		
we	didn’t	need.		                                 before	the	new	arrangements	are	in		
                                                                                            the	amount	of	grant	they	will	receive	in		
                                                  place.	But	we	weren’t	worried	about		
                                                                                            respect	of	their	additional	responsibilities		
                                                  that.	We	knew	that	if	the	roof		
                                                                                            as	Academies.		
                                                  blew	off,	we	had	insurance		
                                                  to	cover	it.		
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                              Becoming an Academy | 13




                                 Working relationships
                                 Heads discuss how converting to                    PG:	Our	local	authority	worked	with	us	
                                                                                    constructively	and	with	full	cooperation		
                                 Academy status has affected their
                                                                                    and	good	spirit.	There	was	no	visible		
                                 working relationships with local                   hostility	towards	our	move.	
                                 authorities and local schools.                     KE:	Local	authorities	have	become	
                                                                                    pragmatic,	they	have	little	choice.		
                                 Our relationship with                              They	actually	congratulated	us	on	
                                                                                    converting,	accepting	that	we	had	to		
                                 the local authority                                make	the	right	choices	for	our	own	
                                                                                    community.	And	we	have	bought	back		
                                 KE:	Our	authority	wanted	as	much	of	our	
                                                                                    the	best	services	they	offer.	For	example,		
                                 custom	as	possible	and	each	department	
                                                                                    we	employ	a	gardener,	a	member	of		
                                 sent	someone	out	to	us	to	discuss	the	
                                                                                    the	kitchen	staff	and	a	site	manager		
                                 services	or	parts	of	services	they	could	offer.	
                                                                                    from	the	centre.
                                 If	anything	we	have	a	closer	relationship	
                                 than	ever	before,	we	remain	a	county	state	        MS:	Be	careful	not	to	present	Academy	
                                 school	if	not	a	local	authority	one!	              status	as	anti-local	authority.	It’s	about	a	
                                                                                    school’s	ability	to	review	what	we	buy	in.		
                                 IW:	That’s	right.	The	difference	is	we	are	now	
                                                                                    We	still	use	some	of	the	council’s	services		
                                 customers	and	we	insist	on	getting	high	
                                                                                    but	where	the	provision	is	poor	or	
                                 quality	service	and	value	for	money	in	our	
                                                                                    inadequate	to	meet	our	needs,	we	don’t.
                                 dealings	with	the	local	authority	and	other	
                                 external	bodies.	                             LG:	Our	experience	was	a	bit	different.	
                                                                               We	were	one	of	the	first	to	convert	and	
                                 JB:	It’s	more	of	a	partnership	now	because	
                                                                               we	found	the	local	authority	very	slow	to	
                                 they	need	us	to	buy	services	back	from	them.	
                                                                               engage	in	the	process.	Our	legal	team		
                                 The	level	of	service	has	gone	up	while	the	
                                                                               had	to	push	to	organise	the	completion		
                                 costs	have	gone	down.	We	continue	to	buy	
                                                                               of	documents.	Having	said	that,	we	still		
                                 services	from	them	in	areas	where	they	have	
                                                                               use	the	buying	power	of	the	local	authority	
                                 strong	credentials	such	as	health	and	safety	
                                                                               for	energy.		
                                 and	internal	audit.
Q
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                      Becoming an Academy | 14




                                                                                                What happens if there is a capital
                                                                                                emergency at the Academy? Would




‘‘
                                                                                                it have to cover costs?

                 ‘‘                                                                             You	are	required	to	take	out	insurance,		
                                                                                                at	specified	minimum	levels	of	cover,	
                                                                                                to	protect	against	potential	capital	
                                                                                                emergencies.	In	exceptional	circumstances	
                                                                                                Academies	can	seek	an	Earmarked	Annual	
                                                MS:	That’s	right.	We	are	simply	continuing	     Grant	from	the	YPLA	for	emergencies,	in	
                                                the	work	we	already	do	supporting	local	        the	same	way	the	local	authority	can	pay	a	
                                                schools,	including	help	with	management	        maintained	school	a	contingency	payment.
                                                and	leadership.	
MS:	Our	relationship	with	the	senior	           AY:	That’s	the	same	for	us.	We	were	            Will Academies have to take on Local
management	of	the	local	authority	is	strong.	   already	supporting	several	schools	in		         Government Pension Scheme liabilities?
They	were	disappointed	about	us	leaving	        our	area,	including	primary	schools.
but	they	understood.	We	have	had	their	                                                         If	a	pension	fund	is	managing	a	deficit	then	
                                                KE:	We	made	an	offer	to	the	School	             this	transfers	from	the	local	authority	to	the	
support	and	commitment	to	keep	us	within	
                                                Improvement	Service	and	they	selected		         Academy.	However,	the	Charity	Commission	
the	fold	as	much	as	possible	and	I	have	                                                        has	advised	that	this	liability	does	not	mean	
                                                our	current	partner.	We	worked	with	the	
made	a	similar	commitment	to	them.	                                                             the	Academy	is	trading	while	insolvent,	
                                                school	head	to	decide	what	priorities	we	
                                                could	help	with.	Some	of	our	work	is	very	      because	the	deficit	is	being	reduced	by	
                                                hands	on,	using	our	leading	teachers	with	      the	contributions	made.	The	commercial	
How we support                                  their	pupils,	some	of	it	is	sharing	practice	   transfer	agreement	available	on	our	website	
other schools                                   and	supporting	CPD.	There	is	a	bit	of	extra	
                                                                                                sets	out	the	Department’s	position	that	
                                                                                                pension	deficits	only	apply	to	the	Academy’s	
                                                work	involved	but	staff	really	enjoy	it	and	    eligible	employees.	However,	there	is	no	set	
LG:	There	is	flexibility	in	how	you	do	this.	
                                                hope	it	will	make	a	difference.	                precedent	in	the	Local	Government	Pension	
In	our	case,	rather	than	focusing	on	one	
school,	we	help	several	by	sharing	good	        HH:	In	our	case,	we	are	directly	supporting	    Scheme	regulations	for	the	treatment	of	
practice	through	the	Assessing	Pupils’	         a	local	primary	and	we	are	helping	more	        deficits.	Schools	should	contact	their	local	
Progress	scheme	and	we	operate	as	a		           than	a	dozen	schools	who	are	in	the	process	    pension	authority	as	soon	as	they	start	
                                                                                                considering	Academy	status.		
centre	of	excellence	for	teachers	who		         of	converting,	speaking	to	heads,	finance	
want	to	come	and	see	what	we	do.	               directors	and	governors.		
‘‘
                ‘‘
                                                                                                 Q
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                       Becoming an Academy | 15




The support we received                         IW:	Working	with	the	named	advisor	at	           What support is available to Academies
                                                the	DfE	has	been	very	helpful.	We	all	clearly	   if they get into financial difficulty?
from DfE                                        shared	an	interest	in	making	this	work.		
                                                                                                 Like	all	schools,	Academies	are	expected		
KE:	The	help	and	advice	from	the	DfE	rep	       Since	conversion,	our	main	contact	has		
                                                                                                 to	maintain	strict	budgetary	controls	and		
was	excellent	throughout,	he	was	in	daily	      been	with	the	YPLA	and	this	has	been		
                                                                                                 are	required	to	balance	their	budgets.		
contact	with	ourselves,	the	local	authority	    useful	in	terms	of	knowing	who	to	go		
                                                                                                 The	Academy	receives	ongoing	GAG	funding	
and	our	solicitors,	guiding	and	advising	the	   to	with	questions.	
                                                                                                 which	covers	the	running	costs	of	the	school.	
school	along	the	way	and	helping	us	keep	
                                                KE:	Yes.	The	YPLA	took	over	where	the	DFE	       The	YPLA	monitors	the	Academy’s	financial	
to	the	extremely	tight	timelines	involved.	
                                                agent	finished	and	you	have	immediate	           position	on	behalf	of	the	Secretary	of	State,	
This	was	especially	important	for	a	primary	
                                                contact	with	your	YPLA	officer.		               and	will	intervene	if	a	deficit	occurs	or	
school	like	ours	with	a	small	office	staff.	
                                                                                                 appears	likely.	It	will	provide	a	restructuring	
LG:	Our	advisor	was	an	excellent	support.	                                                       plan	to	bring	costs	and	income	back	into	
She	helped	us	through	each	stage	of	the	        “Our advisor linked                              balance	and	can	provide	contingency	
process	and	always	got	back	to	us	to	answer	                                                     funding	if	absolutely	necessary.
queries.	She	linked	with	our	solicitors	to	     with our solicitors to
form	an	exceptionally	strong	team,	working	
with	us	to	ensure	the	conversion	was	            form an exceptionally                           Do we have to support another school?
successful	and	our	needs	were	met.
                                                                                                 Yes,	as	many	schools	are	already	doing.	
JB:	DfE	were	very	supportive.	We	were	early	
                                                 strong team.”                                   For	successful	schools,	an	essential	part	of	
converters	so	we	needed	clarification	on	       Lesley Grace, Seaton Academy                     converting	to	Academy	status	is	agreeing	
issues	that	were	still	being	decided	and	had	                                                    in	principle	to	support	another	school	to	
to	go	right	up	to	ministers.	But	they	made	                                                      raise	standards.	Schools	should	include	
sure	we	got	answers	as	quickly	as	possible.		                                                    their	initial	plans	in	their	application,	and	
                                                                                                 their	named	contact	in	the	Department	
                                                                                                 will	discuss	these	with	them.	The	process	
                                                                                                 provides	head	teachers	and	governors	with	
                                                                                                 the	flexibility	to	decide	the	exact	nature	of	
                                                                                                 this	support	as	they	will	know	what	is	best	
                                                                                                 for	their	school	and	local	area.		
www.education.gov.uk/academies                                                                                                  Becoming an Academy | 16




Next steps
To	find	out	more	about		
                                               Becoming an Academy: Conversion process
becoming	an	Academy,	visit		
www.education.gov.uk/academies,	               1. Registration   •	 Register	your	interest	using	the	online	form
where	you	can	read	the	latest	information	                       •	 A	named	contact	in	DfE	will	work	through	the	conversion	process		
and	download	an	application	form.		                                 with	you
If	you	would	like	to	talk	to	heads	whose	                        •	 Governing	body	starts	the	consultation	required	by	legislation	with	
schools	have	already	converted,	email	us	at	                        interested	parties	(can	start	later	but	must	be	completed	before		
academy.conversion@education.gsi.gov.uk.	                           Funding	Agreement)
Or	contact	the	following	organisations,		      2. Application    •	 Your	governing	body	and	Foundation	(if	relevant)	pass	a	resolution		
who	can	put	you	in	touch.	                        to convert/       in	favour	of	Academy	conversion
                                                  pre-approval   •	 Submit	your	application	via	the	DfE	website
                                                  checks
                                                                 •	 Discuss	your	plans	to	support	another	school	to	raise	standards	or	
Independent Academies Association                                   converting	within	a	“chain”	with	your	named	DfE	contact	
www.iaa.uk.net		                                                 •	 Local	authority/governing	body	start	the	TUPE	process
email:	iaainfo@iaa.uk.net	                                       •	 Secretary	of	State	will	be	asked	to	approve	your	proposal
                                                                 •	 On	approval	the	Secretary	of	State	will	issue	Academy	Orders	and	
                                                                    release	a	£25,000	grant	to	your	school
Foundation, Aided Schools and
                                               3. Achieve        •	 Finalise	governance	documents	based	on	DfE	model		
Academies National Association                    Funding           documents	provided
www.fasna.org.uk                                  Agreement      •	 Register	the	Academy	Trust	with	Companies	House
email:	l.hoptroff@fasna.org.uk	                                  •	 Agree	leasing	arrangements	for	the	school	land	and	buildings
                                                                 •	 Local	authority/governing	body	complete	the	TUPE	process
                                                                 •	 Governors	complete	required	consultation	with	interested	parties
Specialist Schools and Academies Trust                           •	 Submit	the	Funding	Agreement	to	the	Secretary	of	State	for	approval           Average
www.ssatrust.org.uk                                                                                                                             period is 3–5
                                               4. Pre-opening    •	 Put	new	financial	systems	and	contracts	in	place                            months from
email:	info@ssatrust.org.uk	
                                                                 •	 Complete	Academy	registrations,	e.g.	with	exam	bodies                      registration to
                                                                                                                                                  opening

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Df E Academies A4 Magazine V3e

  • 1. ‘‘ ‘‘ Becoming an Academy Heads of converted schools talk about how they made the change
  • 2. www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 2 Heads up Contents Changing the status of your school is a big step, 4 The decision to convert especially when it involves extra responsibility. Why we applied for Academy status But the gains can be great, including control over What it’s done for my school your budget, curriculum and even the school year. What to consider before applying We’ve talked to head teachers whose schools have converted to Academy status about what it meant 9 The conversion process for them. Why did they decide to convert? How did How we consulted staff, parents and governors they manage the process and cope with everything How we managed the conversion process from legal paperwork to new funding arrangements? How we managed our new funding arrangements How did they consult with staff and parents? And what’s their relationship with their local authority 12 Working relationships like after the move? Our relationship with the local authority How we support other schools The support we received from DfE
  • 3. www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 3 Meet the heads Name: Helen Hyde School: Watford Grammar School for Girls Name: Jonathan Bishop Type: Secondary School: Broadclyst Academy Primary School, Previous status: Voluntary-aided near Exeter Size: 1,260 pupils Previous status: Primary community school Size: 420 pupils Name: Mike Sandeman Name: Kevin Eveleigh OBE School: Arthur Mellows Village College, School: Barnby Road School, Newark Peterborough Type: Primary Type: Secondary with sixth form Previous status: Primary community school Previous status: Foundation school Size: 430 pupils Size: 1,555 pupils Name: Paul Gazzard Name: Ian Widdows (deputy head) School: St Buryan Academy Primary School, School: Giles Academy, near Boston, Lincs Cornwall Type: Secondary (11–18) Previous status: Foundation school Previous status: Foundation school Size: 122 pupils (Secondary modern) Size: 1,030 pupils Name: Lesley Grace School: Seaton Academy, Cumbria Name: Alan Yellup Type: Primary (3–7) School: Wakefield City Academy Previous status: Part-maintained Type: Secondary Size: 224 pupils Previous status: Foundation school Size: 720 pupils
  • 4. www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 4 The decision to convert Converting to Academy status is improve pay and conditions for our staff without having to answer for why we’ve a big move for any school. Here, done it. heads discuss how they came to Helen Hyde: It’s also about the ability to their decision, the benefits for be able to do things more quickly without waiting for approval – for example, we can their schools and what you should appoint someone and issue contracts on consider before converting. the same day. KE: On a purely practical note, we had Why we applied for to find better value because we had just Academy status paid to have three new classrooms built and couldn’t afford to buy all of the local Kevin Eveleigh: For us, it was about authority services we had used previously. autonomy. We wanted to focus on our We also wanted to protect our staffing, own school initiatives and those didn’t particularly a team of brilliant teaching always marry effectively with local assistants. authority priorities. Mike Sandeman: Schools that do well, Jonathan Bishop: That was our main reason like ours, can get overlooked in funding too. We were developing a personalised discussions. Because we are not problematic curriculum that suited the needs of our and seem to be doing OK, resources pupils, while our local authority had more of are pumped elsewhere. We suffered a one-size-fits-all approach. Academy status underfunding over a long period and allows us to be innovative without having to Academy status allowed us to take control, justify what we’re doing at every stage. and hopefully make the right decisions. Alan Yellup: There’s no one-size-fits- AY: We’re in a challenging area, so every all in education. For us, the freedom to penny of resource is important to us personalise the curriculum around pupils to make a difference for our pupils. to keep them engaged with education was Academy status enables us to put the crucial. We also wanted the freedom to money where it suits our needs. 
  • 5. Q www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 5 ‘‘ ‘‘ Do schools need to consult before converting? Yes, you are required to carry out a consultation to ask if the school should become an Academy. There are many different ways in which this can be done in order to give interested parties a chance to respond and ask questions. Examples KE: It’s not new or extra money. It’s just our existing allocation but What it’s done for can be found in the conversion guide (available on the DfE website). coming straight to us. I felt if we could my school manage that money and get a better deal JB: We are saving a lot of money – for for our children, we should. We are not a rich example, our new payroll system costs half Can teachers’ pay and conditions area or a wealthy catchment, far from it. what the local authority charged. We can be changed? Lesley Grace: We already managed a lot of plough that money back into teaching. When a school converts, staff are entitled our own budget – Cumbria allows all schools KE: That’s right. We have more control over to transfer under the same employment to do this – but we were still spending too the allocation of our resources to meet our terms and conditions. However, once open, much time focused on compliance with local own needs. So, not only do we not have you may consult with staff and their union authority initiatives that weren’t necessary to lay off any teaching assistants, we have representatives on possible changes; for or relevant. employed an extra teacher and I’ve been example, this could be over different term Ian Widdows: We wanted an extension able to promote our secretary to become a times or the length of the school day.  to the freedoms we already had as a business manager, freeing up my time from foundation school and we liked the idea office work. of having a direct link to the DfE without Paul Gazzard: We’ve been able to appoint having to first work through the local an extra teacher and set up an extra class. authority. As a result all our classes – which used to MS: Yes. We were also a Foundation school, be about 28 pupils each – are now reduced so we were used to making decisions on to an average of 20. Every class now has outsourcing services. Becoming an Academy a full time teaching assistant, which was was a natural progression. previously not the case. 
  • 6. Q www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 6 AY: Pupil welfare is very important in our How will the role of governors change inner city school. Having control of all our “We are free to innovate if we became an Academy? resources means we can hire a dedicated The principles of governance are the same staff member who will be on site every and develop systems in Academies as in maintained schools but day and go out and meet families and the governing body has greater autonomy. support parents. and procedures that are On converting to an Academy, the KE: We’ve also bought £4,000 of instruments to expand music provision and improved appropriate to the needs current governing body establishes an Academy Trust – a charitable company our CPD programme for staff. As well as that, we have financial certainty. We know our of the school.” limited by guarantee responsible for the strategic oversight of the Academy, with budget well in advance from September to Helen Hyde, Watford Grammar control over the school’s land and other July and it matches our Improvement Plan. School for Girls assets. The responsibilities will be similar LG: School governance has improved – we to those in most maintained schools. have no big committees any more, each of AY: While focusing on the core subjects, we The governing body can continue to our trustees has responsibility for specific can also personalise the curriculum to meet delegate functions to committees, the tasks and areas of work. Decision making the individual needs of pupils. For example, principal or any other holder of an is easier and more accountable. if a pupil wants to do three sciences at GCSE executive office. The governing body HH: It’s put the “fun” back into education instead of one, we can do that. can also buy in additional skills and for us. We are free to innovate and develop services such as HR support or training JB: An important freedom for us is being systems and procedures that are appropriate for governors. able to develop projects in collaboration to the needs of the school without going to with other schools and high profile Governors should not get involved in the the LEA for approval. corporate partners. This includes an ICT day-to-day management of the school.  project that will enable our students to continue their learning at home in new and exciting ways. 
  • 7. Q www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 7 What does the conversion process involve? The conversion process has been made as simple as possible. The key steps are explained in our conversion guide (available on the website). This process differs slightly ‘‘ according to the type of school and who owns the buildings and land. ‘‘ What to consider before applying As a minimum, you must: • create a company by registering your Trust with Companies House; • establish a new bank account for the PG: The biggest thing you need is Trust, so that the Academy can receive confidence. It is imperative that the funding; and governing body has this. There must be • transfer, renew, purchase or procure HH: We value the flexibility to procure locally confidence that the senior management new contracts, service level agreements, and get best value. If we need a building can deliver an improvement to the licences and insurance, as appropriate. repair, it’s done within hours. A tender for present curriculum, and benefit Schools can seek further assistance from bigger jobs can be in place in days. the school financially. their named contact in the Department. We can also choose to join community IW: Yes. You need to be sure of your reasons partnerships that bring real value to our for changing and how that comes out of the students and local schools and not join Are there financial rules that aims of the school – and communicate this talking shops that have no real benefit. academies must adhere to? clearly to all your stakeholders. KE: I agree. I like being able to choose the The Academies Financial Handbook (2006) MS: Academy status does mean more sets out guidelines for Academy financial education initiatives I want to get involved responsibility and accountability falls on arrangements. The current version is in and can ignore those that aren’t relevant. you. You have to be sure this is what you available online from the publications section All my meetings are about the school I work want and make the call with your senior of the Young People’s Learning Agency’s in and the children I know. team and colleagues.  (YPLA’s) website at www.ypla.gov.uk 
  • 8. Q www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 8 JB: I agree. However, I wouldn’t be overawed HH: Communication is vital – you need Do we cover the full cost of the by people telling you what you need to to talk to your staff regularly throughout, conversion to an Academy? convert. They’re probably trying to sell their making sure their questions are answered. DfE will pay a flat-rate grant of £25,000 services. You don’t need a detailed business AY: That’s right. Establish an open and to the school’s bank account. This is a plan or the services of a large accountancy honest process and think about how you will contribution to the cost and you are firm. A good solicitor will guide you through consult your staff, parents and stakeholders, expected to make up any remaining the whole process. You do need to allow including the unions – invite them into the costs, but this can be kept to a minimum time – at least three months – and staff to process rather than trying to block them out. if carefully managed. We have also help you gather the required information produced model legal documentation and process the paperwork. IW: Consider the timing of your conversion (available on the website) which can carefully, so you don’t have too much to do AY: You need to allow enough time and help to reduce legal costs. over any holiday period, when many people resource – there is a lot of documentation are unavailable. In exceptional circumstances – for example, and it’s too much for any one person to deal if you are involved in a PFI contract and need with. My advice to any head would be to AY: Know the facts and be prepared additional legal advice – more support can delegate responsibility. to counter the mythology surrounding be agreed. Academies. There were all sorts of scare KE: Also consider whether you need to stories circulating here – for example, provide office cover if your existing office that teachers would be forced to teach at staff are tied up with the paperwork. How will ownership of the land work other schools and that trustees would be I would recommend visiting a school that if we become an Academy? personally liable for the school’s finances, has converted in your area and seeing none of which had any basis in fact. In most cases Academies will take a long how they managed the process. lease (125 years) on the public land from the JB: And be prepared that the work doesn’t LG: Appoint good solicitors early in the freeholder. In the case of private land, the end when you open as an Academy. You will process – they will guide you through all the owner and the Academy Trust need to reach need to put in a lot of effort once you have technical and contractual work. And make an agreement. This could be via an informal converted in setting up new systems and sure your staff contracts and job descriptions agreement or via a lease arrangement negotiating with suppliers and generally are up to date and complete ready for similar to the one above. A model funding bedding in all the new arrangements.  transfer and that your suppliers are notified agreement and lease documents can be of your change of name. viewed on our website. (Continued on p10) 
  • 9. www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 9 The conversion process Once you’ve decided to go for KE: In our case, we talked to the senior leadership team first to test the water and Academy status, what next? talked to staff before we announced any Here, heads share their experiences plans. Then we asked the governors to look at it, inviting each of them to give their of the conversion process, from honest opinion in a special meeting – consulting staff and parents before we put it to a vote. to working out their funding LG: We talked to staff first. They were fully on board in seeing the benefits of greater allocation. financial and operational freedom – we answered all the questions they had about How we consulted staff, TUPE and reassured them that their pay and parents and governors conditions would not be affected. MS: Our staff liked the fact that having full PG: We started off by talking to the senior control of our own budgets would free governors who helped us reassure staff up extra resource and actually protect us that they would be paid according to the against future cuts. national pay scale without any changes to their conditions of service or pensions. HH: We faced strong resistance from the Once staff were reassured about their pay unions, especially over TUPE, but by having and conditions, they were very keen to have open channels of communication we were the extra freedom. We sat down with them able to keep staff on board and gain their in a big meeting where everyone was able to support for change. say their piece. We also spoke to the pupils LG: It’s important to include the unions – for and assured them that the changes would example, GMB asked if they could come in not affect them at all, except in positive ways, to talk to staff, so we made a room available such as more resources and smaller classes. even though we have no GMB members. 
  • 10. ‘‘ Q ‘‘ www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 10 (Continued from p8) We expect most schools to convert with MS: In our school, we prepared a briefing as little disturbance as possible. Academies document setting out our proposals and sent How we managed the can transfer land owned by the governing it out to all interested parties and stakeholders, conversion process body to the Academy Trust which is a including the unions, for comment. straightforward process. It is also possible KE: Choosing the right legal firm was our for existing Foundations (such as those at KE: Yes. We did something similar by putting most important decision in the process. many voluntary-aided schools) to continue together a list of “pros and cons” as honestly We chose a firm that had prior experience holding land, providing there are no legal as possible. That same list was available to of conversion and checked out the schools restrictions. parents, staff and governors throughout. they claimed to have converted and looked for primary experience. Be sure to question JB: It’s also important to keep a record them – arrange a meeting and always Will we get more money as an Academy? of discussions and make them available involve your finance officer/bursar/business afterwards. We kept minutes of all the You will receive the same level of per-pupil manager and chair of governors. meetings we held and were very open funding as a maintained school, with and transparent throughout. LG: Our solicitors helped us to handle additional funding to cover services that are most technical aspects of conversion, no longer provided by the local authority. MS: We ran an open forum meeting for including complying with charity law, the The Government is clear that converting parents who were supportive on the should not result in a financial advantage commercial transfer, lease, TUPE and the whole – they just wanted information and or disadvantage to schools, though they funding agreement with the DfE and reassurance. We had 47 parents attend will have greater freedom on how they registration with Companies House. the meeting and 13 written replies, 10 of use their budgets. Our lawyers also advised us on governance which were positive, two lukewarm and and forming a trust. one suggested we were converting because Academy heads get more pay. That hurt! KE: The £25,000 conversion grant we received Can we convert with a budget deficit Most of the concerns we encountered were was vital. We spent it on the solicitors and or surplus? misconceptions. For example, some parents new systems for payroll and finance, to Yes. However, if you have a significant deficit, were concerned because they associated produce the level of accounts required for applications may be postponed until it has previous Academies with failing schools. a company limited by guarantee.  been managed down to a reasonable level. Once we explained that difference between Schools with surplus balances can carry the new and old Academies, parents were these over when they convert.  fully supportive.
  • 11. www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 11 LG: Yes. I found that the grant we got to KE: One thing that has proved easier than cover conversion costs is what it cost. We we expected is buying in our own services. How we managed didn’t have to spend from our own budget. Once you convert to Academy status, you our new funding JB: We decided to go through a full due become a customer and you have the power to negotiate deals. We “cherry picked” some arrangements diligence exercise. We set up a working of the excellent services still on offer from LG: We used the ready reckoner on the DfE party on the governing body to look at the our local authority and shopped around website to work out what our funding would risks and potential costs of changing status for the others. We even bought some from be. It gave us an accurate estimate of the across everything from funding to ground secondary Academies in our area. money the local authority takes from our maintenance and report back. I wrote a budget to spend on our behalf. Governors paper summarising the results, with lots IW: We are still in the process of buying in and staff found it made a very powerful case of supporting information, after which we services. We have continued to buy some for conversion to Academy status. put it to a vote of the governors. Because from the local authority, such as music we went through such a thorough process, services and FSM assessment. But we are AY: We also used the ready reckoner. It was we had good, robust answers for all the about to switch to a cheaper broadband pretty accurate in predicting how much questions the unions asked us and were provider offering five times the speed. money we would have in our control. able to fully justify what we were doing. JB: I agree. What it said was what we ended MS: My advice would be to start early up getting in funding. Using our existing and allow enough time and resource to “Once you convert to budget information and the figures from complete the process. We were among the the ready reckoner, we modelled a new first to convert in September 2010 and we Academy status, you budget based on buying most of our had to do a lot over the summer holidays. services in ourselves. We used this to prove The process should be much smoother now! become a customer and to our stakeholders that we would be no worse off financially, as well as gaining all IW: I would also advise heads who are converting to look at existing services you you have the power to our extra freedoms. buy from the local authority without a PG: Our local authority gave us an estimate of formal contract/agreement. In particular, negotiate deals.” our funding which was reasonably accurate. check how much notice you need to give Kevin Eveleigh, Barnby Road School We have bought in a financial reporting if you want to cancel. package which fits our needs very well. The whole process went fairly smoothly for us. 
  • 12. ‘‘ ‘‘ Q www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 12 KE: Our funding agreement was completed LG: Controlling 100 per cent of How is Academy funding calculated? within the timelines, mainly thanks to the money allocated to us, we The General Annual Grant (GAG) funding the solicitors and the DfE rep continually feel we’re in the best position to will be based on the level of local authority explaining the “legal jargon” in simple terms. face the future, even if there are funding already calculated for the school. budget cuts. The local authority LG: It’s really important to have a clear idea Grant payments to Academies to replace can’t claw back money from us as of your existing finances before you start. local authority services depend on the level it might from maintained schools. Ask your local authority for a full breakdown of central spend in the local authority. This of where the money goes, so you can IW: I agree. I would just caution can vary considerably from area to area. calculate your carry forward and predict that you need to keep an eye on Our website has an “Academies Funding” future spend. This really gave us confidence the money you get to ensure you page explaining this in more detail, that we could do it. are receiving all that you should. alongside a list of central services that you At times, I have found it difficult to AY: We had to push our local authority to may be expected to provide. It also includes identify whether we have received give us a full breakdown of all grant money a ready reckoner which enables schools it or not. and make sure we would get all the funds considering converting to calculate the we were due. But we were always confident LG: As far as capital funding level of funding they should receive as an that we would have more money available goes, conversion has made no Academy. It also allows them to compare to spend on pupils simply because we difference to our entitlement. this with the funding they currently receive. would no longer need to buy services The only difference is a slight gap This will give schools an estimate of we didn’t need. before the new arrangements are in the amount of grant they will receive in place. But we weren’t worried about respect of their additional responsibilities that. We knew that if the roof as Academies.  blew off, we had insurance to cover it. 
  • 13. www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 13 Working relationships Heads discuss how converting to PG: Our local authority worked with us constructively and with full cooperation Academy status has affected their and good spirit. There was no visible working relationships with local hostility towards our move. authorities and local schools. KE: Local authorities have become pragmatic, they have little choice. Our relationship with They actually congratulated us on converting, accepting that we had to the local authority make the right choices for our own community. And we have bought back KE: Our authority wanted as much of our the best services they offer. For example, custom as possible and each department we employ a gardener, a member of sent someone out to us to discuss the the kitchen staff and a site manager services or parts of services they could offer. from the centre. If anything we have a closer relationship than ever before, we remain a county state MS: Be careful not to present Academy school if not a local authority one! status as anti-local authority. It’s about a school’s ability to review what we buy in. IW: That’s right. The difference is we are now We still use some of the council’s services customers and we insist on getting high but where the provision is poor or quality service and value for money in our inadequate to meet our needs, we don’t. dealings with the local authority and other external bodies. LG: Our experience was a bit different. We were one of the first to convert and JB: It’s more of a partnership now because we found the local authority very slow to they need us to buy services back from them. engage in the process. Our legal team The level of service has gone up while the had to push to organise the completion costs have gone down. We continue to buy of documents. Having said that, we still services from them in areas where they have use the buying power of the local authority strong credentials such as health and safety for energy.  and internal audit.
  • 14. Q www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 14 What happens if there is a capital emergency at the Academy? Would ‘‘ it have to cover costs? ‘‘ You are required to take out insurance, at specified minimum levels of cover, to protect against potential capital emergencies. In exceptional circumstances Academies can seek an Earmarked Annual MS: That’s right. We are simply continuing Grant from the YPLA for emergencies, in the work we already do supporting local the same way the local authority can pay a schools, including help with management maintained school a contingency payment. and leadership. MS: Our relationship with the senior AY: That’s the same for us. We were Will Academies have to take on Local management of the local authority is strong. already supporting several schools in Government Pension Scheme liabilities? They were disappointed about us leaving our area, including primary schools. but they understood. We have had their If a pension fund is managing a deficit then KE: We made an offer to the School this transfers from the local authority to the support and commitment to keep us within Improvement Service and they selected Academy. However, the Charity Commission the fold as much as possible and I have has advised that this liability does not mean our current partner. We worked with the made a similar commitment to them. the Academy is trading while insolvent, school head to decide what priorities we could help with. Some of our work is very because the deficit is being reduced by hands on, using our leading teachers with the contributions made. The commercial How we support their pupils, some of it is sharing practice transfer agreement available on our website other schools and supporting CPD. There is a bit of extra sets out the Department’s position that pension deficits only apply to the Academy’s work involved but staff really enjoy it and eligible employees. However, there is no set LG: There is flexibility in how you do this. hope it will make a difference. precedent in the Local Government Pension In our case, rather than focusing on one school, we help several by sharing good HH: In our case, we are directly supporting Scheme regulations for the treatment of practice through the Assessing Pupils’ a local primary and we are helping more deficits. Schools should contact their local Progress scheme and we operate as a than a dozen schools who are in the process pension authority as soon as they start considering Academy status.  centre of excellence for teachers who of converting, speaking to heads, finance want to come and see what we do. directors and governors. 
  • 15. ‘‘ ‘‘ Q www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 15 The support we received IW: Working with the named advisor at What support is available to Academies the DfE has been very helpful. We all clearly if they get into financial difficulty? from DfE shared an interest in making this work. Like all schools, Academies are expected KE: The help and advice from the DfE rep Since conversion, our main contact has to maintain strict budgetary controls and was excellent throughout, he was in daily been with the YPLA and this has been are required to balance their budgets. contact with ourselves, the local authority useful in terms of knowing who to go The Academy receives ongoing GAG funding and our solicitors, guiding and advising the to with questions. which covers the running costs of the school. school along the way and helping us keep KE: Yes. The YPLA took over where the DFE The YPLA monitors the Academy’s financial to the extremely tight timelines involved. agent finished and you have immediate position on behalf of the Secretary of State, This was especially important for a primary contact with your YPLA officer.  and will intervene if a deficit occurs or school like ours with a small office staff. appears likely. It will provide a restructuring LG: Our advisor was an excellent support. plan to bring costs and income back into She helped us through each stage of the “Our advisor linked balance and can provide contingency process and always got back to us to answer funding if absolutely necessary. queries. She linked with our solicitors to with our solicitors to form an exceptionally strong team, working with us to ensure the conversion was form an exceptionally Do we have to support another school? successful and our needs were met. Yes, as many schools are already doing. JB: DfE were very supportive. We were early strong team.” For successful schools, an essential part of converters so we needed clarification on Lesley Grace, Seaton Academy converting to Academy status is agreeing issues that were still being decided and had in principle to support another school to to go right up to ministers. But they made raise standards. Schools should include sure we got answers as quickly as possible. their initial plans in their application, and their named contact in the Department will discuss these with them. The process provides head teachers and governors with the flexibility to decide the exact nature of this support as they will know what is best for their school and local area. 
  • 16. www.education.gov.uk/academies Becoming an Academy | 16 Next steps To find out more about Becoming an Academy: Conversion process becoming an Academy, visit www.education.gov.uk/academies, 1. Registration • Register your interest using the online form where you can read the latest information • A named contact in DfE will work through the conversion process and download an application form. with you If you would like to talk to heads whose • Governing body starts the consultation required by legislation with schools have already converted, email us at interested parties (can start later but must be completed before academy.conversion@education.gsi.gov.uk. Funding Agreement) Or contact the following organisations, 2. Application • Your governing body and Foundation (if relevant) pass a resolution who can put you in touch. to convert/ in favour of Academy conversion pre-approval • Submit your application via the DfE website checks • Discuss your plans to support another school to raise standards or Independent Academies Association converting within a “chain” with your named DfE contact www.iaa.uk.net • Local authority/governing body start the TUPE process email: iaainfo@iaa.uk.net • Secretary of State will be asked to approve your proposal • On approval the Secretary of State will issue Academy Orders and release a £25,000 grant to your school Foundation, Aided Schools and 3. Achieve • Finalise governance documents based on DfE model Academies National Association Funding documents provided www.fasna.org.uk Agreement • Register the Academy Trust with Companies House email: l.hoptroff@fasna.org.uk • Agree leasing arrangements for the school land and buildings • Local authority/governing body complete the TUPE process • Governors complete required consultation with interested parties Specialist Schools and Academies Trust • Submit the Funding Agreement to the Secretary of State for approval Average www.ssatrust.org.uk period is 3–5 4. Pre-opening • Put new financial systems and contracts in place months from email: info@ssatrust.org.uk • Complete Academy registrations, e.g. with exam bodies registration to opening