1. GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY
ACTIVE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT
OIL HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
(2171912)
TOPIC :- ACTUATORS
PREPARED BY,
HITARTH SHAH,
150120119171,
7C1
GUIDED BY,
PROF.JATIN PATEL

2. WHAT IS AN ACTUATOR?
• Actuators are devices used to produce action or motion.
• Input(mainly electrical signal , air, fluids)
• Electrical signal can be low power or high power.
• Actuators output can be position or rate i.e. linear displacement
or velocity.
• Actuation can be from few microns to few meters

3. FLOW DIAGRAM OF AN ACTUATOR

4. TYPES OF ACTUATORS
 Hydraulic Actuators
 Pneumatic actuators
 Mechanical Actuators
 Electrical Actuators
Linear actuator: solenoid, Hydraulic/Pneumatic.
Rotary actuator: motor, Hydraulic/Pneumatic.

5. HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR
• Hydraulic systems are used to control & transmit power.
• A pump driven by prime mover (electric motor) creates flow of fluid
 TYPES OF HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS:
 Linear actuator (hydraulic cylinder)-
 Provides motion in straight line.
 Linear displacement depends on stroke length.
 Usually referred to as cylinders, rams (single acting cylinders) or jacks.
Rotary actuators (Hydraulic motors)-
 Produces continuous rotational motion.
 Pump shaft is rotated to generate flow.
 A motor shaft is caused to rotate by fluid being forced into the driving chambers.

6.  Semi rotary actuators-
 Produces non-continuous rotational motion.
 Limited to less than one revolution (<360°).
 Used to produce oscillatory motions in mechanisms.
 APPLICATIONS:
 Hydraulic jack.
 Hydraulic brake.
 Hydraulic ram.
 Used as sensor.
 Close loop velocity controlling.
 Highly precise positioning for heavy loads.

7. PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR
 It convert energy formed by compressed air at high pressure into ether
linear or rotary motion.
 Quickly respond in operation.
CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES OF CYLINDER

8. ROTARTY HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS
 VANE ROTARY ACTUATORS:
• Limited angle in both directions
• Maximum angle always smaller than 360
• The same torque in both directions.
 PISTON ROTARYACTUATORS:
• With rack and gear coupling.
• Here maximum angle may be larger than
360°

9. MECHANICALACTUATOR
• Mechanical linear actuators typically
operate by conversion of rotary motion
into linear motion.
 TYPES OF MECHANICS:
 Screw
 Wheel and axle
 Cam

10. OTHER TYPES OF ACTUATORS
Heaters - used with temperature sensors And temperature controller to
control the temperature in automated moulding Equipment and in
soldering operation.
Lights - Lights are used on almost all machines to indicate the machine
state and provide feedback to the operator.
LED
LCD’s
Gas plasma display
CRT
Sirens/Horns - Sirens or horns can be useful for unattended or dangerous
machines to make conditions well known.