NCDCC

2. By the end of this lesson, cadets should be able to:
 List the various types of confined spaces
 Understand the dangers and safety precautions in
confined spaces rescue
 Able to execute the 6 methods of rescue in confined
space

3. • Introduction
• Definition of confined space
• Types of confined space
• Types of confined space rescue
• Hazards associated with confined space rescue
• Rescue Evacuation Plan
• Emergency Evacuation Methods
• Safety Precautions

4. o Rescue in confined spaces are dangerous and
challenging
o Most hazardous of all rescue activities
o Important to be trained on rescue in confined spaces
o Rescuers’ safety to be of first priority

5. o Restricted entry and exit
o Not for prolonged human occupancy

7. COLLAPSED SILOS
STRUCTURES

8. DUCTS
SEWERS &
CLOSED
DRAINS

9. oS e l f - Re s c u e
 Victim gets himself out of the confined space on his own,
without waiting for the rescuers’ help.
o No n - E n t r y R e s c u e
 Rescuers need not enter the confined space, but uses
equipment such as rope, strap or pole to save the victim.
oE n t r y Re s c u e
 Rescuers have to enter the confined space to save the
victim.

11. o Hydrogen Sulfide
o Carbon Monoxide
o Low Oxygen Count
o Explosive Atmosphere

12. o Slippery ladders
o Rusty, unstable walkways
o Inattentiveness due to exhaustion

13. o Mechanical failure of safety
equipments
o Electrical hazards

14. o Storm sewers
o Grain bins

15. C asualty A ssessment & C are
o Approach with care and caution
o If atmosphere is safe, begin primary assessment
o If atmosphere is unsafe, do not enter
o Ensure personal safety first

17. o For casualty that does not have injured hand
3) Tie the arms of the casualty securely at both wrists
with triangular bandages
4) Kneel astride
5) Pass your head through the arms of the casualty
6) Straighten your arms to lift casualty
7) Drag casualty out by crawling and pushing your feet

18. o For casualty that has injured hand
3) Pass belt, rope or bandage under casualty near
armpits
4) Kneel astride
5) Pass loop over your head
6) Straighten your arms to lift casualty
7) Drag casualty out by crawling and pushing your feet

19. o For unconscious casualty with minor injuries
3) Lift casualty to a sitting position
4) Sit behind casualty with both legs apart
5) Place casualty’s hands crossed across chest with
fingers on shoulders
6) Insert your arm under the casualty’s armpit and hold
the outer arm of the casualty
7) Drag casualty out backwards

20. o To be used only when the previous methods are
deemed unsuitable
o Ensure casualty’s head is placed in the direction of
the exit
Casualty’s head in the
direction of the exit

21. o To be used only as a last resort in very confined
spaces, under life-threatening situations
o Ensure casualty’s legs are placed in the direction of
the exit
Casualty’s legs placed
in the direction of the
exit

22. o Casualty may be conscious or unconscious, with or
without fracture

23. o Ensure proper safety at all times
o Follow proper procedures
o Do not rush into the venue and rescue alone
o Ask for standby support to help or assist
o Ventilate
o Always stay alert and calm

24. o Rescue in confined spaces is a dangerous activity
o Always ensure safety
o Save people, not cause more deaths by following the
right procedures