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GWI Social 
• Q3 2014 • 
GlobalWebIndex’s quarterly report 
on the latest trends in social networking
2 
Index 
KEY TRENDS & 
IMPLICATIONS 05 Page 
03 INTRODUCTION Page 
TOPLINE 
TRENDS 07 Page 
FOCUS ON 
FACEBOOK 22 Page 
DEVICE TRENDS AND 
MESSAGING APPS 30 Page 
AGE 
TRENDS 38 Page 
FUTURE 
44 OUTLOOK Page
3 
Introduction 
GWI Social is where GlobalWebIndex presents the very latest 
figures for social networking behaviors and engagement levels 
across more than 30 global markets. 
Drawing on our Q3 2014 wave of research, we highlight a 
range of demographic, region and market specific trends and 
offer insights on: 
• The most popular social networks and apps, including rates 
of growth over the last six months 
• Current attitudes towards Facebook 
• The rise of mobiles, tablets and messaging services 
• Networking behaviors by age, with a special focus on teens. 
By analyzing such recent and robust data – which is 
representative of nearly 90% of the global internet audience – 
we are able to cut through the headlines and hype to provide a 
unique understanding of what’s actually happening within the 
social media landscape. 
Clients can access further detail on any of the topics covered 
in this report through our pre-cut data packs available to 
download in the Insight Store, or by analyzing them against 
bespoke, target audiences in our PRO Platform. 
For further details on social trends at a national level, please 
see our Market Reports – each of which contains a section 
dedicated to networking platforms and behaviors.
4 
Notes on Methodology 
Each year, GWI interviews more than 170,000 internet users across 32 markets – making it the largest on-going study into the 
digital consumer instigated to date.. 
EMEA 
UK / Ireland / France / Germany / Italy / Spain 
/ Netherlands / Poland / Turkey / Russia / 
Sweden / Saudi Arabia / UAE / South Africa 
AMERICAS 
US / Canada / Mexico / Brazil / Argentina 
APAC 
China / Hong Kong / Singapore / India / Indonesia 
/ Japan / Taiwan / Vietnam / Thailand / Malaysia 
/ South Korea / Australia / Philippines 
Research is conducted in quarterly waves, each of which has a global sample size of more than 40,000 internet users. Typically, 
we interview between 3,000 and 4,000 people every year in each market, with larger sample sizes in key countries such as the 
UK and the US (30,000 each). Data is collected in the last six weeks of every quarter, ensuring it is as up-to-date as possible. In 
this particular report, we draw primarily on our Q3 2014 wave of research among 41,823 adults. 
Respondents complete an online questionnaire that uses stratified sampling techniques to ensure that they are representative 
of the internet population aged 16 to 64 in each country (with correct proportions in terms of gender, age and educational 
attainment). 
This data is also used to calculate the universe estimates which we present throughout this report. Universe figures are designed 
to provide highly informed approximations as to the number of users (in millions) that any percentage represents. 
GWI’s Usage Definitions 
We measure three forms of engagement with social platforms, defined as 
follows: 
• Account Ownership – those who say they have an account on a social 
network 
• Visitation – those who say they have visited the network in question in the 
last month (via any device) 
• Active Usage – those who have an account and say they have used or 
contributed to the network in the last month (via any device) 
These definitions are consistent across all of the platforms we track and thus 
allow accurate comparisons between networks. In contrast, self-published 
figures from social networks tend to use a wide and competing range of 
factors, but would typically utilize ‘Visitation’ as a definition of ‘Active Usage’. 
To see an example of this and explore GWI’s numbers in more detail, please 
download the Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers trend from the Insight 
Store. 
China 
In addition to using local platforms, it’s clear 
that large numbers of internet users in China 
are connecting to major global platforms 
such as Facebook via VPNs, Proxy Servers 
and other tools – something we address 
in the charts dedicated to Chinese social 
networking and which we explore further 
in our Market Report on China’s internet 
population. 
However, due to the sheer scale of the 
Chinese market, its high number of local 
social networks and the official restrictions 
it places on platforms such as Facebook and 
Twitter, China is excluded from most of the 
global charts presented in this report (see 
the base of each one for confirmation).
5 
KEY TRENDS 
2 AND IMPLICATIONS 
Key Trends 
and Numbers 
• Tumblr and Pinterest are the fast growing social platforms 
in 2014, with their active user numbers having increased by 
120% and 111% respectively. Instagram is the third fastest 
riser, up by 64% since Q1 2014. However, all social networks 
saw an increase in active usage during Q2 and Q3 2014 as 
the World Cup became a major talking (and sharing) point 
within the online space. 
• Tumblr and Instagram have the youngest audiences, 
with more than 70% of their users being 16-34. In contrast, 
Facebook has the oldest user base; a quarter of its active 
users are aged 45+. 
• Despite its active user number having grown by just 2% 
since the start of 2014, Facebook is still the number one 
global network – and by an appreciable distance. Outside 
of China, 4 in 5 internet users have a Facebook account – 
a figure which peaks in LatAm at 93%. What’s more, 1 in 2 
say they are actively using Facebook each month, giving it 
about twice as many active users as the three sites which 
compete for second position: Twitter, YouTube and Google+. 
More than half of Facebook’s active users are also logging 
in multiple times per day, a figure which is higher than the 
equivalent for any other network. That said, YouTube has the 
highest visitation rate – 85% of online adults are visiting it 
each month (putting it nearly ten points ahead of Facebook, 
on 76%). 
• Facebook has some major challenges to face. Firstly, 
people are growing tired of it, with 50% of members in the 
UK and US saying that they’re using it less frequently than 
they used to (rising to 64% among teens). Some of the top 
reasons for this include that members are less interested 
in Facebook than they used to be (45%, climbing to 54% for 
teens), that they’re bored of it (37%, but up to 50% for teens) 
and that it’s not as cool as it used to be (18%, rising to 27% for 
teens). Facebook is also the only network which has seen a 
drop in active usage among 16-24s during 2014; although 
it’s a very small one (-0.5%), it needs to be viewed in the 
context of all other networks posting substantial increases 
among this demographic. Finally, it’s clear that people are 
using Facebook more passively; since the start of 2013, 
we’ve seen behaviors like sharing photos and messaging 
friends fall by around 20 percentage points. 
• In the mobile space, Snapchat is the fastest growing 
app (up 56% since the start of 2014), although Facebook is 
still by far the top social app overall (being used by 43% of 
internet users). Facebook also dominates in terms of chat/ 
messaging apps, with Messenger (27%) having re-taken the 
lead from WhatsApp (25%) following Facebook’s decision to 
strip the messaging functionality out of its main app. The 
teen problem is present here once again for Facebook: teens 
over-index more strongly for Snapchat than any other app, 
with the highest usage rates among this audience coming in 
key markets such as the UK, Canada, the USA and Australia 
(where the figures range from 25-40% among online teens, 
often putting Snapchat ahead of Facebook’s messaging 
apps). 
• Multi-networking is flourishing; China excluded, a 
significant 91% of 16-64s visited YouTube or Facebook or 
Twitter or Google+ last month. Moreover, some 19% visited 
all four.
6 
• Mobiles and tablets are seeing big rises for social networking, whereas the audience engaging via PCs/laptops is contracting. 
It’s now about 6 in 10 who use social networks via a PC/laptop, compared to more than 4 in 10 logging on via mobiles. Mobile 
networking climbs further to pass the 50% mark among 16-34s, however. This behavior is also much more common in fast-growth 
rather than mature internet nations. 
• Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and Proxy Servers have become a major gateway to social networks, especially in those 
fast-growth markets where certain platforms are subject to official bans. Overall, some 44% of VPN users say they have visited 
Facebook in the last month, but this trend is most significant of all in China – where over 90 million online adults say they have 
used a VPN in order access restricted social networks. This is one of the major reasons behind sites like Facebook and Twitter 
having substantial audiences in China (with about a third in the country having accounts on the two services). 
• Despite this, networking in China is still dominated by Qzone, Sina Weibo and Tencent Weibo, all of which can boast 
membership rates of two thirds or more. In terms of apps, it is Qzone (60%) and WeChat (59%) which lead – with the latter 
actually representing the world’s largest messaging app when its huge Chinese audience is included. 
Key Implications 
• The once-influential idea that the rise of one network 
automatically leads to the demise of another is simply not 
true – multi-networking is now a major trend, with internet 
users maintaining profiles across a wide range of social 
platforms. Any new name entering this space is more likely 
to become an additional network that people use, rather 
than supplanting existing ones entirely. It’s in this context 
that the hype surrounding Ello needs to be viewed. 
• Mobiles are rising rapidly to become a first-choice 
device for social behaviors. Although they still have some 
distance to cover before they challenge PCs and laptops 
for supremacy, the gap is closing with each quarter that 
passes. PCs won’t be abandoned, though: it’s a multi-device 
approach which now characterizes global internet usage, 
underlining the importance of cross-platform strategies and 
campaigns. 
• Social networking is absolutely mainstream in fast-growth 
and mature internet nations alike, confirming its truly 
global reach. Nevertheless, it’s the relatively young, affluent 
and urban audiences in emerging internet nations which are 
embracing networking the most enthusiastically – showing 
why digital investment decisions should not be based solely 
on national internet penetration rates. Despite relatively low 
online coverage in places like India and Indonesia, their social 
audiences are vast and can dwarf those seen in a number 
of countries with some of the highest internet penetration 
rates of all. 
• The huge numbers accessing social networks via VPNs 
carry serious problems for passive web analytics as many 
will be incorrectly geo-allocated to the country in which the 
server they are using is based. This means audiences in fast-growth 
markets are being under-estimated in terms of size 
and are receiving lower levels of digital investment than they 
merit (for more on this, see our Missing Billion white paper). 
• Social behaviors are diversifying, with people turning to a 
range of different platforms to carry out different activities. 
Smaller networks like Instagram, Pinterest and Tumblr are 
thus rising into the mainstream, while bigger players like 
Facebook are being used more passively. For most brands, 
having a presence on just one social network is no longer 
sufficient. And while Facebook is still the clear number 
one, it’s no longer the catch-all site it once was; in certain 
countries, and among certain demographics, other services 
now represent just as effective touchpoints in terms of 
reaching particular audiences (Snapchat and teens in many 
Westernized markets being a case in point). Similarly, social 
conversations between users are shifting towards dedicated 
chat apps, away from the biggest social networks.
7 
TOPLINE TRENDS 
Tracking the most popular 
platforms at a global level 3 
Key Headlines 
• Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram are the fastest growing social platforms, 
although all networks received a boost from increased engagement during the 
World Cup. 
• While Facebook is still the dominant network in terms of members and active 
users, YouTube is receiving more visitors each month. 
• LatAm is the region where internet users are most engaged with social 
networks, reflecting higher levels of enthusiasm for this activity in fast-growth 
markets. 
• Chinese networking is dominated by Sina Weibo, Qzone and Tencent Weibo, but 
significant minorities are connecting to sites like Facebook and Twitter via VPNs. 
Setting the Scene: Defining an Active User 
Across all of the social platforms tracked by GlobalWebIndex, user engagement is monitored in two main ways: 
• Account Membership. People who say they have an account on the platform in question 
• Active Usage. People who say that, within the last month, they have actively contributed to or used the platform in question. 
We measure both of these aspects in order to differentiate a social network’s total potential audience – e.g. its overall membership 
base – from its current active audience (those who are actually engaging with it on a regular basis). This allows us to see how 
many of a social network’s members can be legitimately counted as “active users” – by far the most important measure of 
engagement in a digital landscape where social networking behaviors have proliferated. 
Critically, GWI applies the same definitions across all of the platforms that we track. This enables us to assess their relative 
popularity in a fair and like-for-like way, whereas the networks themselves tend to have rather more complex, competing and 
sometimes slightly elusive definitions which do not permit accurate comparisons between platforms. In short, in their own self-published 
figures, an active user as defined by Facebook is unlikely to be the same as an active user as defined by Twitter or 
Google+. 
What’s more, some networks will categorize someone as an active user if they are logged in via their app, if they have clicked an 
associated button on a third-party website or if they have simply visited the network’s main site without actually doing anything. 
That means an individual can potentially be classified as active without really engaging with the site – especially where passive 
web analytics are being deployed. In contrast, GWI’s data has the benefit of representing the user’s perspective; an individual is 
counted as an active user only if they consider themselves to be one. We believe GWI’s figures thus represent the most accurate 
and robust snapshot of active usage and offer one of the only ways to make true comparisons across networks.
8 
Facebook Continues to Dominate Social Networking 
Question: On which of the following services 
do you have an account? // Active users: 
Which of the following services have you 
used or contributed to in the past month 
using any type of device? 
Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 
Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China 
CHART 1: Top 20 Social Platforms - Account Ownership and Active Usage 
Whether we look at account membership or active usage, one trend remains absolutely consistent: Facebook is still the leading 
name within social networking – and by an appreciable distance. 
Outside of China, GWI tracks more than 35 named platforms – some global, some localized to particular regions or markets. 
Despite this wealth of services, Facebook is ahead of all of them. As 2014 nears its end, the social networking giant is able to 
boast a 20-point lead over its next closest rival in terms of both membership and active usage rates. 
In the last few months, it’s been common to see reports which attack Facebook and which claim that it’s losing its relevance and 
popularity. Although there’s no easier way to grab attention and headlines, this simply isn’t true. The fact remains that no other 
social network can currently offer a comparable reach, no other social network has such consistent popularity across countries 
and no other social network is integrated so comprehensively within the infrastructure of the internet (e.g. via “like” buttons). 
Certainly, the ways in which people are interacting with Facebook continue to evolve – a theme we explore further in the 
following chapter – but it’s critical to recognize that, outside of China, more than four fifths (83%) of online adults are members 
of Facebook, while close to half (47%) consider themselves to be actively using the network. For a service which is now more 
than ten years old, this is an extremely impressive achievement. 
Behind Facebook, there are three platforms which compete for second position: YouTube, Twitter and Google+. If we look at 
membership, YouTube and Google+ are both approaching the two-thirds mark (63% and 62% respectively), with Twitter following 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free 
search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or 
“Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
9 
closely behind (55%). Rates are much more equal in relation to active usage, though, with each of the three being used by around 
a quarter of internet users. 
Other social networks then capture relatively small shares for active usage, with Instagram, LinkedIn and Pinterest around the 
15% mark and Tumblr, Badoo and Myspace scoring just under 10%. But although they represent much smaller presences than 
a giant like Facebook, these figures are very much in line with the trend towards networking becoming more diversified – with 
people turning to different networks to carry out different behaviors and, in cases, engage with different audiences (for more on 
this, see our Multi-Networking trend). 
Outside of their home market, Chinese micro-blogging sites Sina Weibo and Tencent Weibo have attracted small but significant 
active user bases of 7% and 6% respectively. And while localized platforms VK and Odnoklassniki might be minor presences 
globally, they are major forces inside Russia – something we assess in more detail below. 
Networking by Region – YouTube Leads for Visitor Numbers 
CHART 2: The Top Social Platforms by Region 
Question: Membership: On which of the following services do you have an account? // Visitation: Which of the following websites/services have you visited 
or used in the last month via any device? // Active usage: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of 
device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free 
search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or 
“Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
10 
In addition to the key metrics of account membership and 
active usage, GWI also monitors the numbers of internet 
users who say that, within the last month, they have visited 
the largest social networks via any device. If we analyze 
these three measures across the four biggest global 
platforms, some important nuances emerge – especially 
as YouTube is a platform that many people might be 
visiting without considering themselves to be a member 
or active user. 
Taking membership first, Facebook is in pole position 
across all five world regions – further confirmation of its 
global dominance in terms of social networking. More than 
three quarters of internet users in every part of the world 
have a Facebook account, with the figures peaking in Latin 
America at an extremely impressive 94%. 
Both LatAm and MENA are in fact ahead of Facebook’s 
home territory of North America, something which 
reflects the younger age profiles of internet populations 
in fast-growth markets, as well as the wild popularity of 
social networking activities among users in these nations. 
Indeed, all of the other major networks also score their 
best membership rates in these same two regions. 
The success of Google+ in fast-growth markets is clear 
to see from these figures; in regions like LatAm and 
MENA, its membership rate is only around 10 percentage 
points behind that of Facebook (in contrast, it is 30 points 
behind in North America). For a social platform so much 
younger than Facebook to have achieved this level is a real 
achievement; in fact, its lower engagement rates in key 
markets within Europe and North America means that its 
overall reach continues to be under-appreciated in some 
studies. 
Overall, Europeans remain the least enthusiastic about 
social networking, posting the lowest membership rates 
across 3 of the 4 platforms. This is being driven by the 
northern part of the continent in particular, where figures 
typically fall the furthest behind the global average – 
something we explore below. 
If we switch our attention to visitation rates – that is, the 
percentage of internet users who say they have visited the 
social platforms in question during the last month – a rare 
phenomenon occurs: Facebook falls from the number one 
spot, to be overtaken by YouTube. 
Globally, 85% of online adults outside of China are regular 
visitors to YouTube, putting it just ahead of Facebook 
(76%) and giving it a considerable lead over Twitter (40%) 
and Google+ (30%). And this is a pattern/ranking which is 
consistent across all five world regions – something which 
underlines the importance of aligning campaigns with the 
most appropriate form of visitor engagement. 
That over 80% of internet users in all parts of the world 
are visiting YouTube each month reflects just how central 
it has become to online behaviors, as well as the vital role 
of the internet as a content-consumption channel. Indeed, 
the sheer levels of engagement with social platforms are 
striking: China excluded, a mighty 91% of global internet 
users visited YouTube or Facebook or Twitter or Google+ 
last month. That’s just 9% not engaging with at least one 
of the big four, then. What’s more, some 19% of internet 
users visited all four – showing once more the strength 
of the trend towards multi-networking across multiple 
platforms. 
Across the final of the three metrics considered in Chart 
2 – Active Usage – Facebook returns to pole position, 
with more than half in LatAm, MENA and North America 
saying that they actively used it in the last month. No other 
network comes close to matching this in any of the five 
regions, confirming one of the areas where Facebook really 
is dominant – from the user’s perspective, it is Facebook 
where active engagement levels are by far the highest. 
Facebook’s score here is in fact around twice that of the 
other three networks. 
These figures also underline one of the challenges 
that Google+ still needs to overcome; although its 
membership figures are high – a partial result of many of 
Google’s services having for a long time required people to 
sign-up to the network – it has yet to convert a significant 
portion of these users to visitors or active users. Unlike 
some of the other networks, it lacks a base of people 
who are visiting but not actively using it; the size of this 
audience for Google+ (7%) is half that of Twitter’s (15%) and 
leagues behind that of YouTube (59%) or Facebook (29%). 
Even so, that nearly a third in a region like MENA consider 
themselves to be active on Google+ is still significant given 
the relatively young age of the network.
11 
Visitor Rates by Country – 
YouTube and Facebook Dominate 
Across 29 of GWI’s 32 markets, YouTube is the most visited of the big four social platforms; 
it typically scores impressive visitation rates of 80%+, but rises to hit 90% or more in eleven 
countries. 
The only exceptions to this pattern are in Indonesia and Turkey – where YouTube ties with 
Facebook for first position – and in Japan, where Facebook has not made the same type 
of impact as elsewhere and trails considerably behind YouTube (Twitter is slightly ahead of 
Facebook in this market too, the only place where this happens). 
Facebook scores above 90% in seven countries, all of which are fast-growth markets. Similar 
geographical patterns are in evidence for Twitter and Google+ too. As we saw above with the 
regional figures, internet users in these countries are typically the most engaged with, and 
enthusiastic about, social networking. Indeed, in places such as Indonesia and Malaysia, more 
people say they are visiting social networks than search engines each month – a testament 
to their huge popularity and to how widespread social behaviors have become among all 
segments of their online populations (but among young, affluent and urban segments in 
particular, which account for the largest numbers of internet users in these market types). 
Along with Japan, Facebook dips to 50% or below only in Russia – where local platforms VK 
and Odnoklassniki present strong challenges and can boast greater percentages of active 
users – as well as in China, where Facebook and other global names are subject to official 
bans and where numerous domestic platforms capture the biggest shares (we explore this 
in more detail below). 
Despite countries like the US and the UK being some of the most closely observed in terms 
of digital trends, these countries normally come towards the lower end of the country 
rankings across all of the major social platforms. Two demographic trends help to account 
for this: firstly, their populations have an older overall profile, meaning there are more people 
in the upper age groups; secondly, their internet penetration rates are typically very high, 
meaning their online populations are much more representative of the overall national 
population (put simply, it’s not just that these countries have more older people generally, it’s 
that more of these older individuals are online). And, as older age segments tend to be less 
engaged with social networking behaviors (as with digital trends more generally), it’s hardly 
surprising that their engagement rates across sites such as Facebook are slightly lower. 
The least enthusiastic nations of all are typically clustered in northern Europe, comprising 
places such as France, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands and Poland. It’s similarly telling 
that Japan and Australia feature towards the bottom of most lists: within APAC, these are 
the two countries with the highest internet penetration rates and the oldest populations. 
In Japan, there’s an extra factor at play, though: the types of behaviors which are integral to 
social networking are less closely aligned to prevailing social norms in this country than in 
many other markets.
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CHART 3: Visitors to the Top Social 
Platforms by Country 
Question: Which of the following websites/services have you 
visited or used in the last month via any device? /// Source: 
GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16- 
64 in each country 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter 
“Web Brand” in the free search box, or click Cross-Device 
> Web Brand Visitation - Device Split > Web Brand 
Visited in the Past Month on PC, Mobile or Tablet. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Website 
Visitation” data packs
13 
Facebookers Log In the Most Frequently 
Facebook doesn’t just have the highest percentage of active users, it can also claim the most frequent engagement rates: more 
than half (54%) of Facebook’s users are logging in more than once a day – a figure which puts it 20 percentage points ahead 
of second-placed Twitter. And, significantly, if we re-base this to be among the total online population, it is some 25% of internet 
users aged 16-64 who are logging on to Facebook multiple times each day. 
Question: Thinking about the social platforms that you use or 
contribute to each month, can you please tell us how often you 
typically use each one? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 
/// Base: Active users of each network aged 16-64, exc. China 
CHART 4: Frequency of Visits on the Top Global Social Platforms 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platform 
Usage Frequency. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Social Platform Usage 
Frequency” data packs
14 
That more than half of Facebook’s active audience is connecting so 
frequently is a testament to how ingrained it has become within 
daily lives, but also of the ongoing migration of social networking 
behaviors from PC/laptop to mobile platforms; the nature of 
smartphone internet usage means that many users are checking in 
multiple times a day, albeit for relatively short periods. There’s also a 
strong age effect at work here: the younger a Facebook user is, the 
more likely they are to be using the service more than once a day. 
By region, it is users in LatAm who are ahead for this behavior; by 
country, users in Malaysia, the Philippines and Mexico are the most 
engaged. 
Tumblr and Pinterest are the Fastest Growing Social Platforms 
In contrast to Facebook’s dominance on most measures, a different pattern emerges when we look at growth rates over the last 
six month. By comparing changes in the number of active users from Q1 to Q3 2014, it is Tumblr (+120%), Pinterest (+111%) and 
Instagram (+64%) which are the fastest growing platforms. 
CHART 5: Top Social Platforms: Growth in Members and Active Users during Last Six Months 
Question: Members: On which of the following services do you have an account? 
// Active users: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to 
in the past month using any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 
2014 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China 
Unsurprisingly, all this means that Facebook also 
possesses the highest proportion of active users 
among its membership base (the final section of 
Chart 4). That is, 56% of Facebook’s members are 
actively using it – a figure which is higher than for 
any of the other networks, and which is particularly 
impressive given Facebook’s larger overall 
membership base. Indeed, the differences with some 
other networks are clear: on Google+, for example, a 
lower 37% of members are actively using it. 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account 
Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
15 
Of course, the Big 4 social platforms (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Google+) 
have by far the largest existing membership and active user bases, and hence 
it’s easier for the smaller networks to post stronger growth rates. Nevertheless, 
these figures are very much in line with the trend towards Multi-Networking 
and are consistent with the quarter-on-quarter growth rates that we’ve been 
seeing on smaller and more specialized networks over the last year. The old 
idea that the rise of one network automatically leads to the demise of another is 
simply not true – digital consumers are happy to maintain profiles across a wide 
range of social services and to engage with them for different purposes. It’s also 
telling that, across the motivations which GWI tracks in terms of why people use 
social networks, Facebookers over-index the most for visiting the site because “a 
lot of my friends are on it”. 
Arguably, the most significant trends in Chart 5 are that the numbers not 
engaging with any social network have fallen. Between Q1 and Q3 2014, there 
was a 14% decrease in the share who said they didn’t have accounts on any of 
the 35+ networks tracked by GWI, together with a 26% fall in those who said they 
hadn’t actively used any social platform. In short, it’s not just that networks have 
managed to attract more new members during 2014, it’s that many existing 
members have been using them more frequently. This is a clear break from 
trends in 2013 and the first half of 2014, where we were seeing consistent and 
notable increases in the numbers not engaging with social networks (and with 
Facebook, YouTube, Google+ and Twitter specifically). 
The biggest driver of this change in momentum was the World Cup, which took 
place during late Q2 and Q3 and which caused a serious boost to the numbers 
interacting with social networks. As we discuss in our World Cup Social Trends 
report, social networks were a primary source of tournament-related news and 
a major go-to point for discussing and sharing views about games. Given the 
competition’s truly global reach – and that majorities of our respondents said 
that they were following games – it’s not a surprise to see upticks in our Q3 
results. Whether this can be sustained in the next quarter will be a key metric 
to watch, especially with messaging apps continuing to capture so much of the 
direct communication that used to take place on social networks proper (we 
explore this further in the Device Trends chapter). 
Even allowing for the World Cup effect, though, we shouldn’t ignore the fact 
that the smaller networks like Pinterest and Instagram are enjoying booming 
engagement rates and are beginning to emerge as more serious competitors 
to the Big 4 platforms. Although they still have some way to go before they can 
challenge the supremacy of the more established networks, their country-by-country 
figures shows that – in some places – it’s no longer fair to classify them 
as niche destinations.
16 
CHART 6: Instagram, Pinterest and Tumblr 
Question: Account: On which of the following services do you have an account? // Active users: Which of the following services have you used or 
contributed to in the past month using any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active 
User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
17 
Instagram is now being used by more than a quarter of internet users in five of GWI’s 
countries and, overall, Zuckerberg and co. can boast ownership of the first and fifth biggest 
social networks outside of China. Instagram’s highest engagement rates are in Thailand 
(32%), Saudi Arabia and Turkey (28% each) but the US remains the dominant market if we 
convert national percentages into audience figures (with close to 30 million active Instagram 
users). The site’s figures are relatively even by age and gender but there’s a predictable 
spike among younger age groups. As we might expect, active users of Facebook also over-index 
strongly here; they are 1.7x more likely than average to be engaging with Instagram, 
underlining the power of one company owning both sites. 
Pinterest also scores its highest usage figures in Thailand (24%), with more than a fifth of 
internet users engaging in Indonesia, India, South Africa, the USA and Saudi Arabia. In terms 
of audience sizes, the USA is once again dominant, though. Unlike Instagram and Tumblr, the 
gender split for Pinterest is skewed towards women, while age-based patterns are as one 
would expect: 16-24s are more than twice as likely as the older age groups to be engaging. 
For Tumblr, the gender and income splits are pretty even but the youngest age groups are 
in the lead once more. In terms of countries, there’s a fairly neat divide – with fast-growth 
nations in the top half and more mature markets in the lower half. So, the 18% who are 
engaging in the leading countries of Saudi Arabia and India compare to just 9% in the US and 
6% in the UK. This is in line with the general popularity of blogging and blog-related platforms 
in emerging internet markets: consumers in these countries are much more vocal when it 
comes to sharing their own views online as well as engaging with blogs written by other 
people. As a result, Indian internet users represent a much larger segment of Tumblr’s user 
base than their American counterparts. China is also a major player – something we explore 
in the next section. 
Chinese Networking: Qzone, Sina Weibo 
and Tencent Weibo Still Dominate 
In Q3 2014, just 7% of Chinese internet users said they didn’t have an account on any 
social network. And just 14% reported that they hadn’t actively used any social platform 
within the last month. Given the vast size of the country’s adult internet population (rapidly 
approaching the 500 million mark), the number of social networkers that these figures 
represent are colossal. What’s more, given that China accounts for about a third of all internet 
users across the 32 markets surveyed by GWI, it’s easy to see how global averages can be 
dragged down if a trend is not pronounced in this particular market. It’s for this reason that 
the charts above excluded China. 
Currently, three platforms dominate the Chinese networking landscape, with more than two 
thirds having accounts on Sina Weibo, Qzone and Tencent Weibo. In terms of active usage, 
Sina and Qzone are both above the 50% mark, while Tencent follows closely behind at 44%.
18 
CHART 7: Top 15 Social Platforms in China - Account Ownership and Active Usage 
Question: Account: On which of the following 
services do you have an account? // Active users: 
Which of the following services have you used or 
contributed to in the past month using any type 
of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 
/// Base: Internet users in China aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free 
search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. 
Alternatively, you can download our China Market Report as well as our pre-cut “Account 
Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs 
Traditionally, many Chinese networks have been seen as close equivalents to some of the global platforms tracked in our 
earlier charts; micro-blogging sites Sina and Weibo are viewed as the Chinese versions of Twitter, Qzone’s similarities to 
Facebook have been much discussed while Youku has been held as comparable to YouTube. Given that many of the world’s 
major networks are subject to official bans in China, it’s therefore been assumed that the country’s internet users are turning 
to these local equivalents because they can’t access the international ones. However, our data shows that this simply isn’t 
the case: significant minorities of Chinese internet users have accounts on Google+ (39%), Facebook (36%), Twitter (29%), 
YouTube (26%), as well as many of the more specialized platforms. Smaller but still important groups are actively using them 
each month, too: rates on Google+ and Facebook are actually higher than those for domestic platforms Kaixin and 51.com, for 
example. 
Of course, the figures for the Big 4 global platforms in China are significantly below the equivalents recorded in almost all other 
nations – hence why they have been excluded from earlier charts to stop trends in one country distorting the global picture. 
Nevertheless, when we convert the percentages in China into audience figures, it’s clear that all of the major platforms have 
substantial Chinese user bases (typically, in fact, China represents one of their top markets in terms of audience size). 
In some traditional studies, it’s still common to see Chinese usage of Facebook, Twitter and similar sites recorded as zero. This 
is a major mistake. There are in fact a number of ways that Chinese internet users are bypassing official restrictions on social 
networks; these include logging in while abroad or via apps, but by far the biggest technique is using a Virtual Private Network 
(VPN) or Proxy Server.
19 
VPNs: A Major Gateway to Social Networks 
For anyone unfamiliar with VPNs, they allow people to bypass traditional connections and tracking methods to use the internet 
via a remotely located server; essentially, it’s as if people are entering the internet discretely via a side door rather than through 
the main entrance. That means VPNs can provide access to any social network which is subject to geo-restrictions (whether in 
place to protect content or because usage has been prohibited by authorities). 
At present, VPNs are still viewed as pretty niche tools used mainly by savviest or geekiest of internet users. Worldwide, though, 
it’s over a quarter of online adults who say they’ve used one to connect to the web. Hardly that niche, then – especially when 
we recognize that this percentage translates to more than 400 million VPN users. 
Significantly, VPN usage is much higher in fast-growth rather than mature markets. What’s more, using them to access social 
networks is a major motivation, with a notable peak in APAC; as our chart shows, it’s Indonesia and Vietnam which lead the way 
(22% each), followed by China (20%). 
CHART 8: Using VPNs to Access Social Networks
20 
CHART 8: Using VPNs to Access Social Networks 
Question: Can you please tell us why you use VPNs or proxy servers 
when browsing the internet? To access restricted social networks 
/// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q4 2013 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet 
Users aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “VPN” in the free search box, or 
click Internet Landscape > VPN/Proxy Usage. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut 
“VPN and Proxy Server Usage” and “VPN and Proxy Servers: Usage Motivations” data 
packs 
Look at the corresponding audience sizes, and the importance of these 
tools in China is plain to see: over 90 million online adults in China 
have used one to access restricted social platforms. Compare that 
to places like the UK and USA, where the equivalent figure is just 3%, 
and the disparity is pretty striking (with most of the 1 million UK and 
5 million US users looking to access networks which are restricted in 
their place of work). 
Globally, this behavior is most common among men and 16-34s but – 
interestingly – it’s equal across the income quartiles. 
Not only does this trend underline the potential limitations of using 
passively collected, geo-located data – which can over-estimate the 
size of social audiences in markets such as the USA, where VPN and 
Proxy servers tend to be located – it also emphasizes the growing 
futility of attempting to prevent national audiences from accessing 
certain sites. Just look at how easily internet users in Turkey were able 
to overcome the government’s restrictions on Twitter earlier this year, 
for example. 
But this data also shows why networking behaviors in China – as well 
as in many other fast-growth markets – are much more diversified 
and sophisticated than often assumed. In fact, if we look at the social 
networks being actively used by those who have deployed VPNs, the 
numbers are pretty compelling.
21 
• The Missing Billion (GWI’s white paper on audience measurement) 
• Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers (GWI Trend) 
• Multi-Networking (GWI Trend) 
• Profiling Pinterest Users (GWI Infographic) 
• Facebook Visitors in MENA (GWI Infographic) 
• Instagram Users (GWI Infographic) 
• Social Networking in China (GWI Infographic) 
• Google+ Users (GWI Infographic) 
• YouTube Users in the UK (GWI Infographic) 
• Account Ownership: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) 
• Active Usage: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) 
• Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) 
• VPN and Proxy Server Usage (GWI Data Pack) 
• VPNs and Proxy Servers: Usage Motivations (GWI Data Pack) 
Question: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using 
any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: VPN Users aged 16-64 
CHART 9: Social Network Usage Among VPN Users 
% VPN users active on the following services 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “VPN” in the free search box, or click Internet Landscape > VPN/ 
Proxy Usage. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “VPN and Proxy Server Usage” and “VPN and Proxy Servers: 
Usage Motivations” data packs 
Given its number one position overall, it’s perhaps not surprising to see that VPN users are most likely to be active on Facebook 
(44%). But other major platforms are well represented too, including Google+ (33%), Twitter (31%) and YouTube (30%). Potentially, 
that means that significant portions of the audiences for these sites are being incorrectly geo-allocated by passive analytics – 
underlining the importance of actively reported data gathered direct from internet users themselves. It also gives clear context 
to the buzz generated by Facebook’s Atlas platform, as well as other tracking techniques which rely on self-reported information 
from users who remain logged in across devices. 
For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please download the following from the Insight Store:
22 
FOCUS ON FACEBOOK 
Current trends on the 
leading social network 4 
• Although Facebook’s membership and visitation rates are still climbing, active 
usage is falling – with 50% of members in the UK and US saying they are using it 
less than they used to, and more than a third claiming to be bored of Facebook. 
All of these figures rise higher among teens. 
• Visitor numbers via PCs/laptops have contracted in recent quarters, whereas 
those accessing via mobiles and tablets have risen strongly. 
• Usage of Facebook’s two apps is growing strongly, especially for Messenger 
(up by nearly 250% since early 2013). 
Key Headlines 
Facebook Usage Becoming 
More Passive 
When Facebook’s performance is tracked over time, two trends emerge very clearly: 
membership and visitation rates have been holding steady or increasing, while active 
usage levels have been experiencing a moderate decline. 
There was relatively little change in the percentage of internet users who had a Facebook 
account between early 2013 and late 2014 (with the figure hovering just above the 80% 
mark outside of China). However, as the size of the global internet population increases 
with each quarter that passes, this means that the total membership base has risen by 
more than 200 million during this period. 
It’s a similar story with visitation rates – the headline figures have remained at about 
75%, meaning the total number of internet users visiting Facebook each month has grown 
by around 90 million. Overall, then, Facebook’s audience size and reach remain in the 
ascendancy. 
But the picture for active usage is rather different. Here, the figures have fallen from more 
than two thirds in early 2014 to just under 50% in late 2014. Although the World Cup 
caused a small uptick in the final quarter on Chart 10, the prevailing downwards trend here 
is pretty clear to see. That means the numbers who consider themselves to be actively 
using Facebook have fallen by around 100 million.
23 
DEFINITIONS 
· Account Owners – 16-64 year-olds who claim to have an account on Facebook 
· Visitors – 16-64 year-olds who claim to have visited the site in the last month (via any device) 
· Active Users – 16-64 year-olds who have an account and say they have used or contributed to the site in the last 
month (via any device) 
Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2013 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Overall: Internet Users aged 16-64 // Behaviors: Active Facebook Users aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User or Cross Device > Web Brand Visitation. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut Facebook data packs as well as our “Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers” trend 
CHART 10: Facebook: Key Figures and Behaviors
24 
Understanding GWI’s user numbers for Facebook 
GWI and Facebook have varying estimates surrounding the 
extent of active usage, with GWI’s “visitors” figure being the 
closest proxy for Facebook’s “active user” measure. 
GWI’s visitor number is typically about two thirds the 
equivalent of Facebook’s corresponding active user number 
(in September 2014, Facebook claimed to have 1.35 billion 
monthly active users, whereas GWI’s data showed it to have 
901 million). This is a direct result of the different definitions 
that each applies, with GWI data representing 89% of the 
global internet audience and not including the following: 
• Duplicate accounts (estimated by Facebook to represent 
between 4.3% and 7.9% of their worldwide monthly active 
users in 2013) 
• False accounts (whether “user-misclassified accounts” or 
“undesirable accounts”, estimated by Facebook to represent 
between 0.8%-2.1% and 0.4%-1.2% of worldwide monthly 
active users respectively). 
• Auto log-ins (people who are automatically logged in to 
the service without actually using it, a common issue with 
mobile applications in particular; these users are counted as 
active by Facebook) 
• Third-Party Likers (people who are signed in via a third-party 
website and click a “like” button but who are not 
actively using the main site itself; these users are counted 
as active by Facebook) 
• Incorrectly geo-located users (Facebook notes that “data 
regarding the geographic location of our users is estimated 
based on a number of factors, such as the user’s IP address 
and self-disclosed location. These factors may not always 
accurately reflect the user’s actual location.”) 
• Users under 16 or 65+ 
• Individuals who access the internet via a mobile only (this 
group will be added to GWI’s core survey shortly) 
Both datasets have their own merits but we believe that 
one of the biggest strengths of GWI’s figures is that they 
measure usage in terms of numbers of people rather than 
users. They also show the numbers who perceive themselves 
to be using Facebook, as opposed to passively collected 
data which can incorrectly classify people into this group. 
To explore this subject in more detail, please download 
the Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers trend from the 
Insight Store. 
Across GWI’s 32 countries, Facebook still has more than 600 
million active users aged 16-64 – far more than any other 
social network. And, as we’ve seen, its overall audience size 
is still rising. Facebook is certainly not dying a slow death, 
then, despite what some reports like to proclaim. That said, 
it is clear that behaviors on the platform are changing and 
evolving. The biggest driver of this has been the rise of 
passive networking: people are still engaging with Facebook 
– hence why membership and visitation rates are still 
growing – but they’ve been using it in different ways. In 
short, they’re still on Facebook but they’re carrying out fewer 
actions while there. 
If we look at some key behaviors on Facebook – all of which 
were pretty fundamental to Facebook in its earlier days – 
we get some stark confirmation of this trend. Over the last 
six quarters, the numbers messaging friends on a 1-to-1 
basis have dropped by 20 percentage points. Meanwhile, 
there’s been a 17-point drop in updating one’s profile status, 
a 10-point drop in uploading videos and – perhaps most 
starkly of all – a 24-point decrease in photo uploading. The 
same pattern is present for all of the behaviors we track on 
Facebook – the numbers doing them on a monthly basis 
have been undergoing sharp declines. 
It’s a complex combination of factors which are causing 
this move towards more passive forms of Facebooking. For 
certain behaviors, there are some very specific contributors. 
For example, it’s not hard to see how the rapid rise of 
Instagram would cause fewer people to upload photos 
on Facebook, especially as the two sites have such a big 
crossover in terms of their membership bases. Similarly, the 
explosion of mobile messaging apps means that many of 
the conversations that used to take place inside Facebook 
have now migrated elsewhere (a trend which has been 
accelerated by Facebook’s decision to remove the messaging 
functionality from its main app). 
At a more general level, though, the rise of mobile networking 
is playing its part here too. Broadly speaking, mobile visits to 
social networks tend to be more frequent but shorter and 
less interactive than those made via other devices. Although 
there’s no set rule, it is fair to say that – generally – people 
are more likely to browse their newsfeed and perhaps click 
the like button than undertake more in-depth activities. And 
this encourages much more passive forms of engagement 
where people are more likely to simply look at things rather 
than interact with them. As a result, many will not consider 
themselves to be actively engaging with the site, even if they 
are still visiting it.
25 
50% of Facebook Members Say They Are Using It Less 
For a site which is more than ten years old, there’s a boredom factor at work too. It’s natural that some people will grow less 
interested in a site over time – especially when so many others are now available to use. But we also have to recognize that the 
social networking landscape now looks very different to when Facebook first launched. Back in 2004, Myspace represented 
the only significant competition for Facebook, and younger age groups were very quick to adopt the “cool” new network-on-the- 
block. Facebook was fresh and new. For today’s teens, this simply isn’t the case – Facebook is not just old, it’s the network 
that their older siblings grew up with and which – in many cases – their parents are now using too. These factors feature very 
prominently when we ask current members about their attitudes towards Facebook. 
CHART 11: Facebook Usage Levels in the US and UK 
Question: Are you using Facebook less than you used to? For what reason(s) 
are you using Facebook less than you used to? 
/// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 
/// Base: 12,399 Facebook Members in the US and UK aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Facebook Access 
> Facebook Usage Levels and Social Media > Facebook Access > Motivations to Use 
Facebook Less
26 
When GWI surveyed nearly 12,500 Facebook members in the UK and USA, some 50% said that they were using the site less 
than they used to. Men (55%) were slightly ahead of women (46%), while the younger groups posted higher figures than the older 
ones, but the cross-demographic nature of the agreement was the most striking trend. 
The top reason given by Facebook members for using the site less frequently was that they were simply less interested in it than 
they used to be (45%). But more than a third (37%) claimed to be bored of Facebook and close to a fifth (18%) think that the site 
is no longer as cool as it once was. 
Privacy concerns loom large too, with nearly 3 in 10 saying that they don’t believe Facebook is secure or private enough – 
something which might help to explain why Facebook recently released a Tor hidden version of its site. Elsewhere, the more 
competitive nature of the social networking landscape also has relevance: the numbers saying that they’ve started using other 
types of sites such micro-blogs, messaging apps or photo-sharing services approach the 10% mark in each case. 
As we’ve noted, many of the attitudes seen above are to be expected on a site that is more than a decade 
old. But a much bigger problem emerges for Facebook if we look at response rates among teens (defined 
here as 16-19s) – the most coveted but fickle demographic for any social networking site, and the one into 
which Snapchat has been able to make serious inroads. 
At a headline level, it’s nearly two thirds of teens who say they are using Facebook less than they used to. 
Just as significantly – and even more worryingly for Facebook – teens under-index on saying that they’re 
spending less time on social networks generally but then over-index on almost all of the specific anti- 
Facebook options. Put simply, teens are less likely than others to be moving away from social networks 
as a genre but more likely than other audiences to be moving away from Facebook. Interestingly, teens are 
behind others for thinking that Facebook lacks sufficient security or privacy credentials – one of the biggest 
initial selling points for Snapchat. But they then over-index the most strongly for using alternative types 
of social networks and for being bored of Facebook. Ten years ago, Facebook was the site that any teen 
wanted to be on; now, Facebook has become the opposite – it’s lost a serious part of its appeal among 
this key demographic. 
All that acknowledged, some caveats are essential here. Along with other users, teens haven’t left 
Facebook – they’re still visiting it and using it, they’re just less positive about it than they used to be. Even 
more crucially, Facebook doesn’t need its users to love it; its ad-based revenues are underpinned by the 
proposition of reaching specific audiences. So, as long as membership and visitation rates remain strong 
or on the rise – as they are – profits will follow. Indeed, this is one of the major strengths of Atlas, its new 
advertising platform. Not only can Atlas use the information it knows about you from Facebook to target you 
while you’re on other websites or in third-party apps, it overcomes the problems of being reliant on cookies. 
It thus represents a significant leap-forward in terms of mobile tracking in particular, an area where 3rd party 
cookies have been made redundant through restrictions at the operating-system level, such as those on iOS 
devices among others. 
In short, the success of Atlas depends on people being logged in rather than actively engaging with the 
site; if we bear in mind that more than 4 in 5 adult internet users outside of China currently have a Facebook 
account – and hence have handed over basic demographic information about themselves as well as a 
degree of behavioral data derived from their usage habits – the potential reach and accuracy of Atlas is 
pretty impressive. No wonder it’s been seen by many as a direct challenge to Google’s DoubleClick platform 
as well as one of the best solutions yet to the challenge of understanding today’s multi-device internet 
users – able to marry up visits made in different browsers/apps and across different devices. 
Atlas will also benefit from the types of actions that people are most likely to undertake on Facebook; as 
Chart 12 demonstrates, by far the most popular form of interaction in Q3 2014 was clicking the “like” button. 
50% of Teens are Bored of Facebook
27 
CHART 12: Top Behaviors on Facebook 
Question: Thinking about when you use Facebook, can you please tell us if 
you have done any of the following within the last month? 
/// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 
/// Base: Facebook Members aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platform Past 
Month Activities > Facebook Actions. In the same section, PRO Platform users can also 
explore lists of behaviors specific to Twitter and Google+ 
Globally, close to 85% of Facebook members say that they have 
used the “like” button within the last month. And although teens 
are behind average on this measure, the figure still hits the three-quarters 
mark even within the demographic – giving Atlas just the 
type of information it needs to deliver more effective advertising. 
What’s more, close to half say they have visited a brand’s page, 
4 in 10 report having followed a new company or brand, 3 in 10 
have shared branded photos or videos and a quarter have posted 
something positive about a company. All this is very positive news 
for Facebook – even though the teen problem is in evidence once 
more (the only place where teens over-index compared to other 
users in for “unliking” a brand).
28 
Facebook App Usage Climbs by 200% 
Despite Facebook usage becoming more passive in character, one of the other highly positive stories for Facebook is its booming 
engagement rates via mobile devices. 
CHART 13: Facebook Visitors by Platform 
Question: Internet users who have: visited Facebook in the last month via PC/Laptop, Mobile or Tablet; who have used its official app; and who have used 
Facebook Messenger /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2013 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User or Cross Device > Web Brand Visitation. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut Facebook data packs as well as our “Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers” trend 
Over the last two years, the numbers visiting via PCs or laptops have grown by just 2% (although if we were to shorten the time 
period in question, we’d actually see a decline here across the most recent quarters). 
In contrast, visitation rates via all other devices and platforms are rising rapidly. Mobile and tablet visitors have increased by 44% 
and 77% respectively, but the most momentum can be seen for its two apps. On its main smartphone app, numbers have shot 
up by 198% since Q1 2013 – an obvious reflection of how strongly social networking behaviors are migrating to mobile (as well as 
showing that the large majority of smartphone visitors are accessing the site via the official app rather than the mobile website). 
millions
29 
Even more significant is the increase for Facebook 
Messenger – up by nearly 250%. In part, of course, this has 
been driven by Facebook’s decision to strip the messaging 
functionality out of its main app and encourage (or force) 
people to use Messenger instead. Although patterns are 
far from uniform on a country-by-country basis, the global 
rise is pretty clear to see: outside of China, the number 
of internet users engaging with Messenger stood at just 
8% back at the end of 2012, whereas it had hit 27% by 
Q3 2014. In certain countries, the spike caused by the 
migration to Messenger is in fact obvious: in the UK, usage 
shot up from 15% in Q1 2014 to 26% in Q3 2014. 
When Facebook removed messaging from its main 
app, it seemed designed to protect the Facebook brand 
within a rapidly evolving social networking landscape; 
as conversations shift away from the major networks 
towards mobile chat apps, the danger for Facebook was 
that it could become increasingly sidelined, especially with 
WhatsApp destined to remain a standalone product. 
But while it was a smart move in that respect, it’s well-known 
that social networkers don’t like change – least of 
all when it’s being forced on them. The level of discontent 
being vented on forums – and on Facebook itself – was 
clear testament to this; while some users didn’t mind the 
migration, lots of them were pretty furious with the social 
networking giant. Of course, Facebook has never shied 
away from making changes when it wants to – even when 
users were likely to react badly – but this one seemed 
bigger than most. 
Now we know there was another pretty major factor 
at play: Facebook doesn’t just see Messenger as a 
communication platform, it wants it have a much bigger, 
and more overtly commercial, function – with a bit of 
digital sleuthing by a Stanford University student having 
uncovered a piece of code showing its planned role as a 
peer-to-peer money transfer service. 
The system mimics the mechanics used by WeChat in 
allowing users to send money to each other via PIN-secured 
transfers based on debit card payments; it’s 
fairly easy to see in this the influence of PayPal’s former 
president David Marcus, who joined Facebook in June. And 
although other person-to-person payment apps have 
been out there for a while now, Facebook’s huge reach 
would give it a distinct advantage in terms of pushing this 
behavior into the mainstream. 
Even more crucially, GlobalWebIndex’s research reveals 
close to half of Messenger’s users bought something via 
their mobile in Q3 2014 (ahead of the equivalent figure 
among the general online population, with a 1.33 over-index). 
Although not explicitly designed for purchasing 
products at the moment, it’s not hard to imagine how 
Messenger’s new role could be expanded further to 
facilitate this, giving Facebook a significant footprint in 
a space set to enjoy massive growth in the months and 
years ahead. Following its largely unsuccessful “gifts” 
service, quietly withdrawn earlier this year, we know that 
Facebook has been testing a “Buy” button in the US and 
will be keen not to lose ground to its rival Twitter, which 
has already unveiled its plans for an equivalent feature. 
Seen in this context, the evolution of Facebook Messenger 
is actually a fairly critical part of the social network’s 
future success. Although Facebook shares are now trading 
at twice their IPO price, Mark Zuckerberg and his executives 
know that Facebook needs to become more than just a 
network supported by advertising revenues alone. Just 
look at the hype surrounding new-kid-on-the-block Ello to 
see how weary some users are becoming of its seemingly 
relentless focus on advertising. 
Facebook’s move into the money transfer and online 
shopping markets is thus another step in its transition 
from a social network to a service provider. And it’s one 
that could prove highly lucrative. 
• Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers (GWI Trend) 
• Multi-Networking (GWI Trend) 
• Mobile Messaging (GWI Trend) 
• Facebook Visitors in MENA (GWI Infographic) 
• Instagram Users (GWI Infographic) 
• Social Networking in China (GWI Infographic) 
• WhatsApp Users (GWI Infographic) 
• Account Ownership: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) 
• Active Usage: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) 
• Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) 
• Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps (GWI Data Pack) 
For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please 
download the following content from the Insight Store:
30 
DEVICE TRENDS AND 
MESSAGING APPS 
Understanding social 
behaviors across devices 5 
• Snapchat is the fastest growing app overall, and posts its best figures among 
the key teen demographic. 
• The numbers using social networks via a mobile or tablet continue to rise, just 
as the audience using PCs or laptops is contracting in size. 
• Mobile networkers are young, affluent and most likely to be in fast-growth 
nations. 
• Outside of China, Facebook is the top social app and its Messenger and 
WhatsApp tools dominate in terms of mobile messaging. Inside China, it’s Qzone 
and WeChat which lead. 
Globally, more than two thirds of the online population are actively using social 
networks on a monthly basis – a figure which has crept up very slightly since 2012. 
But while PCs and laptops are still the leading devices, it is mobiles and tablets which 
are enjoying strong growth rates. 
Key Headlines 
Mobile Networking Continues to Climb 
CHART 14: Social Networking and Micro-blogging by Device
31 
Question: Which of the following have you done 
online in the past month? Used a social networking 
service / Used a micro-blogging service /// Source: 
GlobalWebIndex Q4 2012 - Q3 2014 /// Base: 
Internet Users aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Online Activities” in the free search 
box, or click Cross Device > Online Activities - Cross Device Split. Alternatively, you can 
download our pre-cut “Used a Social Networking Service” data packs 
Across GWI’s 32 countries, 3 in 5 adult internet users are now connecting to social networks via a PC or laptop. In terms 
of percentages, this doesn’t represent much of a decrease since Q4 2012 when the figure stood at 62%. Nevertheless, if we 
remember that the size of the global internet population has grown considerably over this period, the decline is actually more 
substantial than it first appears. Although they remain dominant, then, the direction of travel for PCs and laptops is clear: they 
are slowly losing their grip over social networking behaviors. 
Comparing PC/laptops to mobiles is perhaps the clearest way to demonstrate this trend. Back in 2012, PCs had a 30-point lead; 
as 2014 draws to a close, this has been cut to just 17 percentage points. More than 2 in 5 internet users are now networking 
via a mobile, with ever-rising smartphone ownership as well as improving access to 4G coverage highly likely to provide further 
boosts. 
During the same period, the numbers networking via a tablet have more than doubled. A fifth of internet users are now using 
social networks on tablet devices. Whether this rate of growth can continue in the face of bigger and more sophisticated 
smartphones – especially in the “phablet” category – will be a key area to watch throughout 2015. As we discuss in our Tablet 
Trends report, there is in fact much evidence to suggest that mobiles are beginning to forge a stronger lead over tablets when it 
comes to on-the-go activities such as networking. 
As we approach the midway point of the decade, close to a third (32%) of internet users say they are engaging with micro-blogs 
each month. Here, mobiles are already challenging PCs/laptops extremely strongly as the dominant device, being just five points 
behind. Tablets have been posting increases here too but, as with social networks, the mobile audience remains twice as big. 
Of course, PCs and laptops will certainly not be abandoned for either genre; the nature of today’s multi-device internet usage 
means that these devices will continue to serve as important access points at least some of the time. Nevertheless, mobiles are 
increasingly becoming a first-choice device for all things social.
32 
More Than Half of 16-34s are Mobile Networkers 
Mobile networkers are young and affluent, confirming why they have become such an attractive audience to brands and 
advertisers. 
CHART 15: Profiling Mobile Networkers 
Question: Which of the following have you done online in the past 
month via a mobile? Used a social networking service /// Source: 
GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64 
% 
% 
% 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Mobile Activities” in the free 
search box, or click Mobile > Activities on a Mobile > Monthly Activities on a Mobile. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Activities: Used a Social Networking 
Service” data pack 
Gender exerts relatively little impact here, with women (44%) only slightly ahead of men (42%). As we might expect, there are 
far bigger differences by age: 16-34s (52%) have a considerable lead over the other age groups, with this behavior reaching its 
lowest point among 55-64s (19%). And, although the differences by income are hardly profound, it’s still within the top income 
quartile (49%) that this activity reaches its peak.
33 
The most striking variations are to be found at a regional and national level. While more than half of those in LatAm and MENA are 
now networking via mobile, for example, the equivalent figures in Europe and North America lag behind at 38% – and this despite 
the US being the home of so many of the world’s leading networks. In part, this is a result of internet populations in fast-growth 
regions tending to have relatively young age profiles – making them more likely to engage with social networks generally. But 
the importance of smartphones in these regions is a key driver too; PCs and laptops played a much less fundamental role in the 
development of their internet experiences (and infrastructure), meaning internet users have been quicker to embrace online 
activities on their phones. 
These regional trends are reflected if we look at rates of mobile networking by country. Mexico is the global leader – where the 
figure approaches 7 in 10 – but all thirteen of the markets where this behavior has become majoritarian are fast-growth 
nations. At the other end of the spectrum, only a third of internet users or less are networking via a mobile in places such as 
Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, France and Japan. As we explore in our Market Reports, these countries are some of the 
least enthusiastic about networking at a general level, and hence it’s not a surprise to see them trailing behind global patterns 
here. 
When China is excluded from analysis – a market where WeChat is absolutely dominant (see below) – the strong influence of 
Facebook over app behaviors is abundantly clear to see. 
Facebook has the Top Social and Messaging Apps 
CHART 16: Top Social and Messaging Apps 
Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet applications have you used in the past month? (on any device) /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// 
Base: Internet Users aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Applications” 
in the free search box or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific 
Applications Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut 
“Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack
34 
In terms of social apps, Facebook (43%) has a five-point lead over second-placed YouTube (38%), with Google+ (24%) and then 
Twitter (21%) following behind. Instagram can also claim a decent share – with 16% of adult internet users now using it – but 
most other apps then post relatively minor figures. 
As we in Chapter 1, it’s now 47% of adult internet users who say they are actively using Facebook. That 43% are engaging with its 
app shows just how vital mobile traffic has become to the site (and to social networks more generally) and helps to shed light on 
the reason for its booming profits based on mobile advertising. 
For messaging apps, Facebook can lay claim to the first and second most-popular apps, with Messenger on 27% and WhatsApp 
very close behind on 25%. Earlier in the 2014, WhatsApp had overtaken Messenger as the top messaging app; that Facebook 
Messenger has now reclaimed its number one position is an obvious reflection of the social network removing the messaging 
functionality from its main app. 
Globally, the only real challenge to Facebook comes in the form of Skype – an app being used by just over a fifth of the internet 
population (21%) but which has traditionally been associated with VOIP communication only. Now, though, Skype is launching 
Qik, allowing users to share 42-second mobile videos that are automatically deleted from the receiver’s phone after 2 weeks 
(as well as 5-second ‘Qik Fliks’ for even shorter communications). This is a clear attempt to grab a bigger share of the mobile 
messaging market and to encourage more frequent levels of engagement (VOIP calls are typically made quite infrequently, 
whereas messaging services are often being used multiple times a day). 
The other names tracked in our chart all account for relatively minor shares of internet users. However, as we explore below in 
relation to Snapchat, these global figures can mask higher levels of growth and engagement within certain countries or among 
particular demographics. 
Snapchat is the Fastest Growing Messaging App 
In the last six months, Snapchat has been the fastest rising social/messaging app – having grown its user base by 56% 
between Q1 and Q3 2014. 
CHART 17: Social and Messaging Apps: Growth in Last Six Months 
Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet 
applications have you used in the past month? /// 
Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2014 - Q3 2014 /// 
Base: Internet Users aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? 
Enter “Applications” in the free search box or click 
Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications 
Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut 
“Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack
35 
As we saw above, Snapchat remains a relatively minor force overall – being used by just 5% of the 
total internet audience – but this figure is impacted heavily by low engagement rates in the oldest 
age groups and in certain key markets with large populations. 
Facebook Messenger has also grown its audience by more than 50% as users were forced to adopt 
it in place of sending messages via the network’s main app. Arguably, therefore, Instagram’s more 
organic growth of 47% is more impressive. 
Snapchat and Facebook certainly aren’t alone in seeing growth during 2014. All of the apps tracked 
in our chart have posted strong increases in the last six months, giving yet more proof of the ongoing 
migration of social behaviors to mobile devices. 
Snapchat Most Popular Among Teens 
Snapchat is not just the fastest growing app – it’s also the one where the coveted teen demographic 
over-index the most strongly (in Chart 18, we list all the social/messaging apps where this audience 
is ahead of average for usage). 
CHART 18: Teen Usage of Social and Messaging Apps
36 
China excluded, some 13% of teens worldwide are using the 
Snapchat app each month; that means teens are more than 
2.5 times as likely to be Snapchatting as the average internet 
user. But this figure rises much, much higher in certain 
countries – with Snapchat performing much more strongly in 
Europe and North America than in the other world regions. 
In terms of the key teen audience, Snapchat has its best 
coverage in Ireland (38%), Canada (35%) and the UK (35%). 
But more than a quarter of online 16-19s are also using it 
in Australia, Singapore, the UAE, Sweden, the Netherlands 
and the USA. In many of these places, Snapchat is actually 
more popular with teens than either Facebook Messenger 
or WhatsApp – something which helps to explain why the 
service which so famously refused Facebook’s advances 
remains a serious thorn in its side. 
Despite Snapchat’s success among one of the most closely 
observed demographics, though, it still needs to find some 
revenue streams. The impending introduction of adverts will 
help with this, but Evan Spiegel has already stated that they 
will be opt- 
in, will be part of the Stories feature and will not 
interrupt normal messaging. Snapchat simply doesn’t want 
to become an ad-supported platform in the same way as a 
Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet 
applications have you used in the past month? (on any 
device) /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: 
Internet users aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter 
“Applications” in the free search box or click Apps > 
Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile 
Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack 
network like Facebook. And that’s where its rumored investor 
Yahoo – and its stream of content as well as services such as 
Summly and Tumblr – could prove very useful, especially as 
Snapchat has been developing its new Discovery feature to allow 
people to engage with videos and articles. It’s this sort of content 
in which advertisers are likely to be much more interested – leaving 
Snapchat’s original reason-for-being, its messaging function, as a 
largely ad-free space. 
Ultimately, then, this would be a deal which would work for both 
sides: Snapchat would become more attractive from an advertising 
perspective, while Yahoo would gain more of a presence on mobile 
as well as access to a young, trend-setting audience. It’s also more 
evidence of how social networks are evolving; just as Facebook 
is looking to become more of a service provider through its new 
payment feature on Messenger, so Snapchat is eyeing up the 
content-hub space. 
If we return to Chart 18, teens are also noticeably ahead on services 
such as Vine (2.6 over-index), Tumblr (2.3) and Instagram (1.5). 
The latter shows just how vital Facebook’s acquisitions have been; 
while 16-19s are only very slightly more likely than average to be 
using Facebook’s main or Messenger apps, their strong adoption of 
Facebook-owned Instagram means that this key group is still active 
within the wider Facebook network.
37 
Among Chinese internet users, two apps are 
significantly ahead in terms of engagement, with 
Qzone being the top social app (used by 60% of the 
country’s online population) and WeChat being by 
far the most popular messaging service (on 59%). 
WeChat is in fact the world’s top messaging app if 
the Chinese audience is included, and is a particularly 
dominant force within the APAC region. 
Sina Weibo (49%) and RenRen (28%) also claim 
significant shares, underlining the dominance of 
local names in this market, but a number of global 
names then follow behind – including Google+ (17%), 
Facebook (14%) and Twitter (11%). 
Back in Chart 7, we saw that these three international 
networks were being actively used by 23%, 21% and 
19% of Chinese internet users respectively; these 
figures for app usage show just how important 
mobiles are as an access point for networks which 
are subject to official restrictions within China. 
Indeed, some two thirds of Chinese Facebookers are 
accessing at least some of the time via the app, as 
are 60% of China’s Twitter users. Along with VPNs 
and Proxy Servers, mobiles are thus a major route 
for Chinese networkers looking to access the global 
leaders – explaining why names like Facebook and 
Twitter have much bigger audiences in China than is 
often recognized. 
Qzone and WeChat are the Dominant Apps in China 
CHART 19: Social and Messaging Apps in China 
Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet applications have you used in 
the past month? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users 
in China aged 16-64 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Applications” in the free search box 
or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. Alternatively, you can 
download our pre-cut “Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack 
• GWI Device (GWI Flagship Report) 
• Teens (GWI Audience Report) 
• Mobile Messaging (GWI Trend) 
• WhatsApp Users (GWI Infographic) 
• • Social Networking in China (GWI Infographic) 
• Snapchat in Numbers (GWI Infographic) 
• Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) 
• Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps (GWI Data Pack) 
For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please download the following content from the Insight Store:
38 
AGE TRENDS 
Tracking social 
engagement by age 6 
Key Headlines 
• Of the major networks, Facebook has the oldest audience and, in the last six 
months, was the only one to see a decline in active usage among 16-24s. 
• Pinterest has seen the highest and most consistent cross-age increases in 
active usage since the start of 2014. 
• More than 70% of users on Tumblr and Instagram are under 35, as are nearly 
85% on Snapchat – giving these three services the youngest age profiles. 
• 16-24s are the most likely to be sharing on social networks, with 50% saying 
that one of their major reasons for using these platforms is to find funny or 
entertaining content. 
When the active user bases of the biggest global platforms are split by age, it is Tumblr and Instagram which can claim the 
youngest audiences – 38% and 37% of their respective users fall within the 16-24 demographic. Overall, in fact, more than 70% 
of their audiences are under the age of 35. 
Across all of the social networks tracked in Chart 20, the dominance of the younger age brackets is clear – 16-24s account for 
at least a quarter of adult users in each case. Nevertheless, Facebook’s cross-demographic appeal is clear – it has the oldest 
audience of any major network, with nearly a quarter of users over the age of 45. Even LinkedIn has a younger overall profile. 
In part, Facebook’s older user base is a natural consequence of its being the most popular network globally – and the one that 
older users are therefore most likely to have joined too. Clearly, the audience on a platform like Tumblr might be much younger, 
but it’s much smaller too. Facebook can also point to the young user base of Instagram. Even so, that YouTube and Twitter both 
have higher shares of 16-24s than Facebook is a sign of how behaviors have been evolving in recent years. It’s also a reflection 
of Facebook’s ageing user base; original adopters – now within the 25-34 age bracket – are still active on the site, but today’s 
youngest generation are not quite as enthusiastic as their predecessors. 
In terms of mobile messaging tools, the teen love affair with Snapchat is evident once more; nearly 6 in 10 of its users come 
from the 16-24 group, with a mighty 84% being 34 or under. 
Kik, WeChat and Line can also boast that more than a third of their users are from this key demographic, whereas a service like 
Skype has a much older audience – a result, in part, of it being so popular as a family communication tool. 
Tumblr, Instagram and Snapchat Have 
the Youngest Audiences
39 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. 
Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs. For apps, enter “Applications” in the free search 
box or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack 
Facebook Sees Small Decline Among 16-24s 
As we saw in Chapter 1/Chart 5, the last six months have seen most of the biggest social networks 
enjoying buoyant rises in their membership and active user numbers as the World Cup became a major, 
worldwide talking point. 
If we look at this by age, though, a pretty telling trend emerges. There’s just one network which 
experienced a decline in any of the age groups – and that network was Facebook, among 16-24s. 
Now, some context is essential here. Facebook only saw the smallest of drops among this demographic 
(-0.5%) and, overall, it remains the top destination for teens and other younger internet users. It’s also far 
easier for the smaller networks like Pinterest and Tumblr to post substantial increases, given their lower 
starting bases. Nevertheless, that Facebook failed to post an increase among this audience against 
the context of all networks seeing rises in all age groups does illustrate the difficulties that the social 
networking giant is facing in terms of keeping the youngest segments enthusiastic and engaged. So 
too does it suggest that the new features it has been launching in a bid to rival those offered by services 
such as Snapchat have been failing to resonate. 
CHART 20: Active Users of the Top Social Platforms and Messaging Tools, by Age 
Question: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? e.g. PC/laptop, mobile phone, tablet, etc. // Which of the 
following mobile / tablet applications have you used in the past month? (on any device) /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Active social network and active 
app users aged 16-64, exc. China
40 
Significantly, other big platforms like Twitter, Google+ and 
YouTube also saw relatively modest across-the-board 
increases compared to the other services tracked in our 
chart. Again, we have to recognize that they have the largest 
existing user bases, but this is very much in line with the trend 
towards more diversified, multi-networking behaviors 
where the smaller and more specialist platforms such as 
Pinterest, Instagram and Tumblr are the big beneficiaries. 
Indeed, Pinterest’s growing cross-demographic appear is 
clear: it’s the only platform to see a rise of 100% or more 
across every age group. 
CHART 21: Changes in Active User Numbers in Last Six Months, By Age 
Question: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? e.g. PC/laptop, mobile phone, 
tablet, etc. /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2014 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership 
/ Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
41 
16-24s are the Biggest Sharers 
One of the reasons why the 16-24 group is usually seen as the most important in terms of social networking trends and 
behaviors is illustrated by Chart 22: if we analyze networkers using GWI’s social segmentation, they are the most likely to be 
actively sharing content, commenting on posts and interacting with others. 
CHART 22: Social Segmentation, by Age 
/// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 
/// Base: Social networkers aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter 
“Segmentation” in the free search box, or click Social Media > 
Behavioral Segmentation > Social Behavioral Segmentation. 
“Sharers” are individuals who upload photos, hit “like” buttons, re-post/re-tweet or share content; the vast majority of 16-24s 
(and 25-34s) fall into this category, with the figures then decreasing in line with age, to hit just 50% among 55-64s. 
A similar pattern is present across four of the other segments, with 16-34s leading the way in each case: 
• The “creators” – networkers who are uploading videos, writing stories or blogs, running their own websites or contributing 
product ideas to campaigns. 
• The “commenters” – those who have posted questions or comments across various social platforms. 
• The “socializers” – individuals who say they use the internet to stay in touch with friends or to keep others up-to-date with 
their lives. 
• The “reviewers” – those who are posting reviews and opinions online. 
Clearly, then, younger networkers remain the most engaged group; 16-34s carry out the greatest number of activities on social 
platforms, as well as having the broadest behavioral profiles.
42 
Only with the “passives” segment do we see a different situation. This group incorporates those networkers not included in any 
of the other categories – i.e. those who are not typically interacting with content or other users in any major way. This segment 
includes just 9% of 16-24s but a much more substantial 31% of 55-64s (with the figures rising directly in line with age). So, older 
internet users are not only less likely to be on social networks in the first place, those who do use them are less likely to be as 
active as their younger counterparts. 
This pattern is present once more when we look at the motivations that people say they have for using social networks; across 
all ten options tracked in Chart 22, it is 16-24s who post the highest figures. 
CHART 23: Social Networking Motivations, by Age
43 
For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please download the following content from the Insight Store: 
• Generations (GWI Audience Report) 
• Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) 
• Account Ownership: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) 
• Active Usage: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) 
• Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps (GWI Data Pack) 
Question: What are you main reasons for using social networking 
services? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Social 
networkers aged 16-64, exc. China 
Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Motivations” 
in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Network Services > 
Motivations to use a Social Network 
In some cases, the percentages for the youngest networkers are more than twice those seen in the oldest group – a pattern in 
evidence for sharing details of their daily lives, meeting new people, filling spare time and finding funny or entertaining content. 
But perhaps the most revealing insights emerge through analyzing the areas where each group over-index the most compared 
to the average internet user. Doing this shows that 16-24s are highly focused on following celebrities and with sharing details 
of their lives/keeping up to do with what their friends are doing. In stark contrast, many older networkers seem to be engaging 
out of habit or because they don’t want to be left behind by their peers – with 55-64s posting some of the strongest relative 
figures for using networks because their friends are and because they tend to visit networks as part of their online routine. 
BIGGEST OVER-INDEX
44 
FUTURE 
7 OUTLOOK 
• The arrival of Facebook’s Atlas is very much a sign of things to come in terms 
of social advertising. Currently, a third or more of US Facebook and Twitter 
users say they are deploying ad-blocker tools when using the internet, while 
three quarters of global internet users report having deleted cookies from their 
browsers at some point. In this context, techniques which rely on a user being 
logged in or identified from personally reported data are set to enjoy a strong 
positioning. This is especially true in light of high levels of device sharing and 
VPN usage. 
• The ways in which people use Facebook will continue to evolve – especially 
as networking becomes more specialized and diversified and some of the 
smaller platforms like Instagram and Pinterest challenge for mainstream status. 
Interactions on Facebook itself will become more passive and less frequent, 
although the site will not see any major short- or medium-term decline in 
membership or visitor rates. As a result, Facebook will still offer the type of 
scale and reach that no other platform can match. Although it has a major 
challenge to face in terms of teen engagement, its ownership of WhatsApp and 
Instagram will ensure it remains a highly relevant name among this audience. 
• Fast-growth nations are set to contribute the lion’s share of growth in terms 
of new internet users in the coming years. With online populations in these 
markets already the most enthusiastic about social networking, audiences in 
these countries are set to grow even more valuable to advertisers in the rest of 
this decade. 
• If current trends continue, mobiles will soon challenge PCs for supremacy in 
terms of the most favored social networking devices. PCs, laptops and tablets 
will still represent major access points – with multi-device usage being the 
prevailing trend – but networking is transitioning into a mobile-first activity. 
Strong uptake of messaging apps and services will be a particular driver for this. 
• Local platforms are struggling to compete with the truly global networks 
– as demonstrated by ongoing declines in usage on a site like Tuenti in Spain 
as well as the closure of Hyves in the Netherlands. Even in China, it’s clear that 
large numbers are keen to use international platforms like Google+, Facebook 
and Twitter. This does however bring opportunities for truly global campaigns.
45 
www.globalwebindex.net 
Jason Mander 
Head of Trends 
E: jason@globalwebindex.net /// O: +44 20 7731 1614 
A Trendstream Limited, Bedford House, 69-79 Fulham 
High Street, London, SW6 3JW, England

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Social Report Q3 2014

  • 1. 1 GWI Social • Q3 2014 • GlobalWebIndex’s quarterly report on the latest trends in social networking
  • 2. 2 Index KEY TRENDS & IMPLICATIONS 05 Page 03 INTRODUCTION Page TOPLINE TRENDS 07 Page FOCUS ON FACEBOOK 22 Page DEVICE TRENDS AND MESSAGING APPS 30 Page AGE TRENDS 38 Page FUTURE 44 OUTLOOK Page
  • 3. 3 Introduction GWI Social is where GlobalWebIndex presents the very latest figures for social networking behaviors and engagement levels across more than 30 global markets. Drawing on our Q3 2014 wave of research, we highlight a range of demographic, region and market specific trends and offer insights on: • The most popular social networks and apps, including rates of growth over the last six months • Current attitudes towards Facebook • The rise of mobiles, tablets and messaging services • Networking behaviors by age, with a special focus on teens. By analyzing such recent and robust data – which is representative of nearly 90% of the global internet audience – we are able to cut through the headlines and hype to provide a unique understanding of what’s actually happening within the social media landscape. Clients can access further detail on any of the topics covered in this report through our pre-cut data packs available to download in the Insight Store, or by analyzing them against bespoke, target audiences in our PRO Platform. For further details on social trends at a national level, please see our Market Reports – each of which contains a section dedicated to networking platforms and behaviors.
  • 4. 4 Notes on Methodology Each year, GWI interviews more than 170,000 internet users across 32 markets – making it the largest on-going study into the digital consumer instigated to date.. EMEA UK / Ireland / France / Germany / Italy / Spain / Netherlands / Poland / Turkey / Russia / Sweden / Saudi Arabia / UAE / South Africa AMERICAS US / Canada / Mexico / Brazil / Argentina APAC China / Hong Kong / Singapore / India / Indonesia / Japan / Taiwan / Vietnam / Thailand / Malaysia / South Korea / Australia / Philippines Research is conducted in quarterly waves, each of which has a global sample size of more than 40,000 internet users. Typically, we interview between 3,000 and 4,000 people every year in each market, with larger sample sizes in key countries such as the UK and the US (30,000 each). Data is collected in the last six weeks of every quarter, ensuring it is as up-to-date as possible. In this particular report, we draw primarily on our Q3 2014 wave of research among 41,823 adults. Respondents complete an online questionnaire that uses stratified sampling techniques to ensure that they are representative of the internet population aged 16 to 64 in each country (with correct proportions in terms of gender, age and educational attainment). This data is also used to calculate the universe estimates which we present throughout this report. Universe figures are designed to provide highly informed approximations as to the number of users (in millions) that any percentage represents. GWI’s Usage Definitions We measure three forms of engagement with social platforms, defined as follows: • Account Ownership – those who say they have an account on a social network • Visitation – those who say they have visited the network in question in the last month (via any device) • Active Usage – those who have an account and say they have used or contributed to the network in the last month (via any device) These definitions are consistent across all of the platforms we track and thus allow accurate comparisons between networks. In contrast, self-published figures from social networks tend to use a wide and competing range of factors, but would typically utilize ‘Visitation’ as a definition of ‘Active Usage’. To see an example of this and explore GWI’s numbers in more detail, please download the Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers trend from the Insight Store. China In addition to using local platforms, it’s clear that large numbers of internet users in China are connecting to major global platforms such as Facebook via VPNs, Proxy Servers and other tools – something we address in the charts dedicated to Chinese social networking and which we explore further in our Market Report on China’s internet population. However, due to the sheer scale of the Chinese market, its high number of local social networks and the official restrictions it places on platforms such as Facebook and Twitter, China is excluded from most of the global charts presented in this report (see the base of each one for confirmation).
  • 5. 5 KEY TRENDS 2 AND IMPLICATIONS Key Trends and Numbers • Tumblr and Pinterest are the fast growing social platforms in 2014, with their active user numbers having increased by 120% and 111% respectively. Instagram is the third fastest riser, up by 64% since Q1 2014. However, all social networks saw an increase in active usage during Q2 and Q3 2014 as the World Cup became a major talking (and sharing) point within the online space. • Tumblr and Instagram have the youngest audiences, with more than 70% of their users being 16-34. In contrast, Facebook has the oldest user base; a quarter of its active users are aged 45+. • Despite its active user number having grown by just 2% since the start of 2014, Facebook is still the number one global network – and by an appreciable distance. Outside of China, 4 in 5 internet users have a Facebook account – a figure which peaks in LatAm at 93%. What’s more, 1 in 2 say they are actively using Facebook each month, giving it about twice as many active users as the three sites which compete for second position: Twitter, YouTube and Google+. More than half of Facebook’s active users are also logging in multiple times per day, a figure which is higher than the equivalent for any other network. That said, YouTube has the highest visitation rate – 85% of online adults are visiting it each month (putting it nearly ten points ahead of Facebook, on 76%). • Facebook has some major challenges to face. Firstly, people are growing tired of it, with 50% of members in the UK and US saying that they’re using it less frequently than they used to (rising to 64% among teens). Some of the top reasons for this include that members are less interested in Facebook than they used to be (45%, climbing to 54% for teens), that they’re bored of it (37%, but up to 50% for teens) and that it’s not as cool as it used to be (18%, rising to 27% for teens). Facebook is also the only network which has seen a drop in active usage among 16-24s during 2014; although it’s a very small one (-0.5%), it needs to be viewed in the context of all other networks posting substantial increases among this demographic. Finally, it’s clear that people are using Facebook more passively; since the start of 2013, we’ve seen behaviors like sharing photos and messaging friends fall by around 20 percentage points. • In the mobile space, Snapchat is the fastest growing app (up 56% since the start of 2014), although Facebook is still by far the top social app overall (being used by 43% of internet users). Facebook also dominates in terms of chat/ messaging apps, with Messenger (27%) having re-taken the lead from WhatsApp (25%) following Facebook’s decision to strip the messaging functionality out of its main app. The teen problem is present here once again for Facebook: teens over-index more strongly for Snapchat than any other app, with the highest usage rates among this audience coming in key markets such as the UK, Canada, the USA and Australia (where the figures range from 25-40% among online teens, often putting Snapchat ahead of Facebook’s messaging apps). • Multi-networking is flourishing; China excluded, a significant 91% of 16-64s visited YouTube or Facebook or Twitter or Google+ last month. Moreover, some 19% visited all four.
  • 6. 6 • Mobiles and tablets are seeing big rises for social networking, whereas the audience engaging via PCs/laptops is contracting. It’s now about 6 in 10 who use social networks via a PC/laptop, compared to more than 4 in 10 logging on via mobiles. Mobile networking climbs further to pass the 50% mark among 16-34s, however. This behavior is also much more common in fast-growth rather than mature internet nations. • Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and Proxy Servers have become a major gateway to social networks, especially in those fast-growth markets where certain platforms are subject to official bans. Overall, some 44% of VPN users say they have visited Facebook in the last month, but this trend is most significant of all in China – where over 90 million online adults say they have used a VPN in order access restricted social networks. This is one of the major reasons behind sites like Facebook and Twitter having substantial audiences in China (with about a third in the country having accounts on the two services). • Despite this, networking in China is still dominated by Qzone, Sina Weibo and Tencent Weibo, all of which can boast membership rates of two thirds or more. In terms of apps, it is Qzone (60%) and WeChat (59%) which lead – with the latter actually representing the world’s largest messaging app when its huge Chinese audience is included. Key Implications • The once-influential idea that the rise of one network automatically leads to the demise of another is simply not true – multi-networking is now a major trend, with internet users maintaining profiles across a wide range of social platforms. Any new name entering this space is more likely to become an additional network that people use, rather than supplanting existing ones entirely. It’s in this context that the hype surrounding Ello needs to be viewed. • Mobiles are rising rapidly to become a first-choice device for social behaviors. Although they still have some distance to cover before they challenge PCs and laptops for supremacy, the gap is closing with each quarter that passes. PCs won’t be abandoned, though: it’s a multi-device approach which now characterizes global internet usage, underlining the importance of cross-platform strategies and campaigns. • Social networking is absolutely mainstream in fast-growth and mature internet nations alike, confirming its truly global reach. Nevertheless, it’s the relatively young, affluent and urban audiences in emerging internet nations which are embracing networking the most enthusiastically – showing why digital investment decisions should not be based solely on national internet penetration rates. Despite relatively low online coverage in places like India and Indonesia, their social audiences are vast and can dwarf those seen in a number of countries with some of the highest internet penetration rates of all. • The huge numbers accessing social networks via VPNs carry serious problems for passive web analytics as many will be incorrectly geo-allocated to the country in which the server they are using is based. This means audiences in fast-growth markets are being under-estimated in terms of size and are receiving lower levels of digital investment than they merit (for more on this, see our Missing Billion white paper). • Social behaviors are diversifying, with people turning to a range of different platforms to carry out different activities. Smaller networks like Instagram, Pinterest and Tumblr are thus rising into the mainstream, while bigger players like Facebook are being used more passively. For most brands, having a presence on just one social network is no longer sufficient. And while Facebook is still the clear number one, it’s no longer the catch-all site it once was; in certain countries, and among certain demographics, other services now represent just as effective touchpoints in terms of reaching particular audiences (Snapchat and teens in many Westernized markets being a case in point). Similarly, social conversations between users are shifting towards dedicated chat apps, away from the biggest social networks.
  • 7. 7 TOPLINE TRENDS Tracking the most popular platforms at a global level 3 Key Headlines • Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram are the fastest growing social platforms, although all networks received a boost from increased engagement during the World Cup. • While Facebook is still the dominant network in terms of members and active users, YouTube is receiving more visitors each month. • LatAm is the region where internet users are most engaged with social networks, reflecting higher levels of enthusiasm for this activity in fast-growth markets. • Chinese networking is dominated by Sina Weibo, Qzone and Tencent Weibo, but significant minorities are connecting to sites like Facebook and Twitter via VPNs. Setting the Scene: Defining an Active User Across all of the social platforms tracked by GlobalWebIndex, user engagement is monitored in two main ways: • Account Membership. People who say they have an account on the platform in question • Active Usage. People who say that, within the last month, they have actively contributed to or used the platform in question. We measure both of these aspects in order to differentiate a social network’s total potential audience – e.g. its overall membership base – from its current active audience (those who are actually engaging with it on a regular basis). This allows us to see how many of a social network’s members can be legitimately counted as “active users” – by far the most important measure of engagement in a digital landscape where social networking behaviors have proliferated. Critically, GWI applies the same definitions across all of the platforms that we track. This enables us to assess their relative popularity in a fair and like-for-like way, whereas the networks themselves tend to have rather more complex, competing and sometimes slightly elusive definitions which do not permit accurate comparisons between platforms. In short, in their own self-published figures, an active user as defined by Facebook is unlikely to be the same as an active user as defined by Twitter or Google+. What’s more, some networks will categorize someone as an active user if they are logged in via their app, if they have clicked an associated button on a third-party website or if they have simply visited the network’s main site without actually doing anything. That means an individual can potentially be classified as active without really engaging with the site – especially where passive web analytics are being deployed. In contrast, GWI’s data has the benefit of representing the user’s perspective; an individual is counted as an active user only if they consider themselves to be one. We believe GWI’s figures thus represent the most accurate and robust snapshot of active usage and offer one of the only ways to make true comparisons across networks.
  • 8. 8 Facebook Continues to Dominate Social Networking Question: On which of the following services do you have an account? // Active users: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China CHART 1: Top 20 Social Platforms - Account Ownership and Active Usage Whether we look at account membership or active usage, one trend remains absolutely consistent: Facebook is still the leading name within social networking – and by an appreciable distance. Outside of China, GWI tracks more than 35 named platforms – some global, some localized to particular regions or markets. Despite this wealth of services, Facebook is ahead of all of them. As 2014 nears its end, the social networking giant is able to boast a 20-point lead over its next closest rival in terms of both membership and active usage rates. In the last few months, it’s been common to see reports which attack Facebook and which claim that it’s losing its relevance and popularity. Although there’s no easier way to grab attention and headlines, this simply isn’t true. The fact remains that no other social network can currently offer a comparable reach, no other social network has such consistent popularity across countries and no other social network is integrated so comprehensively within the infrastructure of the internet (e.g. via “like” buttons). Certainly, the ways in which people are interacting with Facebook continue to evolve – a theme we explore further in the following chapter – but it’s critical to recognize that, outside of China, more than four fifths (83%) of online adults are members of Facebook, while close to half (47%) consider themselves to be actively using the network. For a service which is now more than ten years old, this is an extremely impressive achievement. Behind Facebook, there are three platforms which compete for second position: YouTube, Twitter and Google+. If we look at membership, YouTube and Google+ are both approaching the two-thirds mark (63% and 62% respectively), with Twitter following Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
  • 9. 9 closely behind (55%). Rates are much more equal in relation to active usage, though, with each of the three being used by around a quarter of internet users. Other social networks then capture relatively small shares for active usage, with Instagram, LinkedIn and Pinterest around the 15% mark and Tumblr, Badoo and Myspace scoring just under 10%. But although they represent much smaller presences than a giant like Facebook, these figures are very much in line with the trend towards networking becoming more diversified – with people turning to different networks to carry out different behaviors and, in cases, engage with different audiences (for more on this, see our Multi-Networking trend). Outside of their home market, Chinese micro-blogging sites Sina Weibo and Tencent Weibo have attracted small but significant active user bases of 7% and 6% respectively. And while localized platforms VK and Odnoklassniki might be minor presences globally, they are major forces inside Russia – something we assess in more detail below. Networking by Region – YouTube Leads for Visitor Numbers CHART 2: The Top Social Platforms by Region Question: Membership: On which of the following services do you have an account? // Visitation: Which of the following websites/services have you visited or used in the last month via any device? // Active usage: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
  • 10. 10 In addition to the key metrics of account membership and active usage, GWI also monitors the numbers of internet users who say that, within the last month, they have visited the largest social networks via any device. If we analyze these three measures across the four biggest global platforms, some important nuances emerge – especially as YouTube is a platform that many people might be visiting without considering themselves to be a member or active user. Taking membership first, Facebook is in pole position across all five world regions – further confirmation of its global dominance in terms of social networking. More than three quarters of internet users in every part of the world have a Facebook account, with the figures peaking in Latin America at an extremely impressive 94%. Both LatAm and MENA are in fact ahead of Facebook’s home territory of North America, something which reflects the younger age profiles of internet populations in fast-growth markets, as well as the wild popularity of social networking activities among users in these nations. Indeed, all of the other major networks also score their best membership rates in these same two regions. The success of Google+ in fast-growth markets is clear to see from these figures; in regions like LatAm and MENA, its membership rate is only around 10 percentage points behind that of Facebook (in contrast, it is 30 points behind in North America). For a social platform so much younger than Facebook to have achieved this level is a real achievement; in fact, its lower engagement rates in key markets within Europe and North America means that its overall reach continues to be under-appreciated in some studies. Overall, Europeans remain the least enthusiastic about social networking, posting the lowest membership rates across 3 of the 4 platforms. This is being driven by the northern part of the continent in particular, where figures typically fall the furthest behind the global average – something we explore below. If we switch our attention to visitation rates – that is, the percentage of internet users who say they have visited the social platforms in question during the last month – a rare phenomenon occurs: Facebook falls from the number one spot, to be overtaken by YouTube. Globally, 85% of online adults outside of China are regular visitors to YouTube, putting it just ahead of Facebook (76%) and giving it a considerable lead over Twitter (40%) and Google+ (30%). And this is a pattern/ranking which is consistent across all five world regions – something which underlines the importance of aligning campaigns with the most appropriate form of visitor engagement. That over 80% of internet users in all parts of the world are visiting YouTube each month reflects just how central it has become to online behaviors, as well as the vital role of the internet as a content-consumption channel. Indeed, the sheer levels of engagement with social platforms are striking: China excluded, a mighty 91% of global internet users visited YouTube or Facebook or Twitter or Google+ last month. That’s just 9% not engaging with at least one of the big four, then. What’s more, some 19% of internet users visited all four – showing once more the strength of the trend towards multi-networking across multiple platforms. Across the final of the three metrics considered in Chart 2 – Active Usage – Facebook returns to pole position, with more than half in LatAm, MENA and North America saying that they actively used it in the last month. No other network comes close to matching this in any of the five regions, confirming one of the areas where Facebook really is dominant – from the user’s perspective, it is Facebook where active engagement levels are by far the highest. Facebook’s score here is in fact around twice that of the other three networks. These figures also underline one of the challenges that Google+ still needs to overcome; although its membership figures are high – a partial result of many of Google’s services having for a long time required people to sign-up to the network – it has yet to convert a significant portion of these users to visitors or active users. Unlike some of the other networks, it lacks a base of people who are visiting but not actively using it; the size of this audience for Google+ (7%) is half that of Twitter’s (15%) and leagues behind that of YouTube (59%) or Facebook (29%). Even so, that nearly a third in a region like MENA consider themselves to be active on Google+ is still significant given the relatively young age of the network.
  • 11. 11 Visitor Rates by Country – YouTube and Facebook Dominate Across 29 of GWI’s 32 markets, YouTube is the most visited of the big four social platforms; it typically scores impressive visitation rates of 80%+, but rises to hit 90% or more in eleven countries. The only exceptions to this pattern are in Indonesia and Turkey – where YouTube ties with Facebook for first position – and in Japan, where Facebook has not made the same type of impact as elsewhere and trails considerably behind YouTube (Twitter is slightly ahead of Facebook in this market too, the only place where this happens). Facebook scores above 90% in seven countries, all of which are fast-growth markets. Similar geographical patterns are in evidence for Twitter and Google+ too. As we saw above with the regional figures, internet users in these countries are typically the most engaged with, and enthusiastic about, social networking. Indeed, in places such as Indonesia and Malaysia, more people say they are visiting social networks than search engines each month – a testament to their huge popularity and to how widespread social behaviors have become among all segments of their online populations (but among young, affluent and urban segments in particular, which account for the largest numbers of internet users in these market types). Along with Japan, Facebook dips to 50% or below only in Russia – where local platforms VK and Odnoklassniki present strong challenges and can boast greater percentages of active users – as well as in China, where Facebook and other global names are subject to official bans and where numerous domestic platforms capture the biggest shares (we explore this in more detail below). Despite countries like the US and the UK being some of the most closely observed in terms of digital trends, these countries normally come towards the lower end of the country rankings across all of the major social platforms. Two demographic trends help to account for this: firstly, their populations have an older overall profile, meaning there are more people in the upper age groups; secondly, their internet penetration rates are typically very high, meaning their online populations are much more representative of the overall national population (put simply, it’s not just that these countries have more older people generally, it’s that more of these older individuals are online). And, as older age segments tend to be less engaged with social networking behaviors (as with digital trends more generally), it’s hardly surprising that their engagement rates across sites such as Facebook are slightly lower. The least enthusiastic nations of all are typically clustered in northern Europe, comprising places such as France, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands and Poland. It’s similarly telling that Japan and Australia feature towards the bottom of most lists: within APAC, these are the two countries with the highest internet penetration rates and the oldest populations. In Japan, there’s an extra factor at play, though: the types of behaviors which are integral to social networking are less closely aligned to prevailing social norms in this country than in many other markets.
  • 12. 12 CHART 3: Visitors to the Top Social Platforms by Country Question: Which of the following websites/services have you visited or used in the last month via any device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16- 64 in each country Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Web Brand” in the free search box, or click Cross-Device > Web Brand Visitation - Device Split > Web Brand Visited in the Past Month on PC, Mobile or Tablet. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Website Visitation” data packs
  • 13. 13 Facebookers Log In the Most Frequently Facebook doesn’t just have the highest percentage of active users, it can also claim the most frequent engagement rates: more than half (54%) of Facebook’s users are logging in more than once a day – a figure which puts it 20 percentage points ahead of second-placed Twitter. And, significantly, if we re-base this to be among the total online population, it is some 25% of internet users aged 16-64 who are logging on to Facebook multiple times each day. Question: Thinking about the social platforms that you use or contribute to each month, can you please tell us how often you typically use each one? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Active users of each network aged 16-64, exc. China CHART 4: Frequency of Visits on the Top Global Social Platforms Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platform Usage Frequency. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Social Platform Usage Frequency” data packs
  • 14. 14 That more than half of Facebook’s active audience is connecting so frequently is a testament to how ingrained it has become within daily lives, but also of the ongoing migration of social networking behaviors from PC/laptop to mobile platforms; the nature of smartphone internet usage means that many users are checking in multiple times a day, albeit for relatively short periods. There’s also a strong age effect at work here: the younger a Facebook user is, the more likely they are to be using the service more than once a day. By region, it is users in LatAm who are ahead for this behavior; by country, users in Malaysia, the Philippines and Mexico are the most engaged. Tumblr and Pinterest are the Fastest Growing Social Platforms In contrast to Facebook’s dominance on most measures, a different pattern emerges when we look at growth rates over the last six month. By comparing changes in the number of active users from Q1 to Q3 2014, it is Tumblr (+120%), Pinterest (+111%) and Instagram (+64%) which are the fastest growing platforms. CHART 5: Top Social Platforms: Growth in Members and Active Users during Last Six Months Question: Members: On which of the following services do you have an account? // Active users: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2014 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China Unsurprisingly, all this means that Facebook also possesses the highest proportion of active users among its membership base (the final section of Chart 4). That is, 56% of Facebook’s members are actively using it – a figure which is higher than for any of the other networks, and which is particularly impressive given Facebook’s larger overall membership base. Indeed, the differences with some other networks are clear: on Google+, for example, a lower 37% of members are actively using it. Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
  • 15. 15 Of course, the Big 4 social platforms (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Google+) have by far the largest existing membership and active user bases, and hence it’s easier for the smaller networks to post stronger growth rates. Nevertheless, these figures are very much in line with the trend towards Multi-Networking and are consistent with the quarter-on-quarter growth rates that we’ve been seeing on smaller and more specialized networks over the last year. The old idea that the rise of one network automatically leads to the demise of another is simply not true – digital consumers are happy to maintain profiles across a wide range of social services and to engage with them for different purposes. It’s also telling that, across the motivations which GWI tracks in terms of why people use social networks, Facebookers over-index the most for visiting the site because “a lot of my friends are on it”. Arguably, the most significant trends in Chart 5 are that the numbers not engaging with any social network have fallen. Between Q1 and Q3 2014, there was a 14% decrease in the share who said they didn’t have accounts on any of the 35+ networks tracked by GWI, together with a 26% fall in those who said they hadn’t actively used any social platform. In short, it’s not just that networks have managed to attract more new members during 2014, it’s that many existing members have been using them more frequently. This is a clear break from trends in 2013 and the first half of 2014, where we were seeing consistent and notable increases in the numbers not engaging with social networks (and with Facebook, YouTube, Google+ and Twitter specifically). The biggest driver of this change in momentum was the World Cup, which took place during late Q2 and Q3 and which caused a serious boost to the numbers interacting with social networks. As we discuss in our World Cup Social Trends report, social networks were a primary source of tournament-related news and a major go-to point for discussing and sharing views about games. Given the competition’s truly global reach – and that majorities of our respondents said that they were following games – it’s not a surprise to see upticks in our Q3 results. Whether this can be sustained in the next quarter will be a key metric to watch, especially with messaging apps continuing to capture so much of the direct communication that used to take place on social networks proper (we explore this further in the Device Trends chapter). Even allowing for the World Cup effect, though, we shouldn’t ignore the fact that the smaller networks like Pinterest and Instagram are enjoying booming engagement rates and are beginning to emerge as more serious competitors to the Big 4 platforms. Although they still have some way to go before they can challenge the supremacy of the more established networks, their country-by-country figures shows that – in some places – it’s no longer fair to classify them as niche destinations.
  • 16. 16 CHART 6: Instagram, Pinterest and Tumblr Question: Account: On which of the following services do you have an account? // Active users: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
  • 17. 17 Instagram is now being used by more than a quarter of internet users in five of GWI’s countries and, overall, Zuckerberg and co. can boast ownership of the first and fifth biggest social networks outside of China. Instagram’s highest engagement rates are in Thailand (32%), Saudi Arabia and Turkey (28% each) but the US remains the dominant market if we convert national percentages into audience figures (with close to 30 million active Instagram users). The site’s figures are relatively even by age and gender but there’s a predictable spike among younger age groups. As we might expect, active users of Facebook also over-index strongly here; they are 1.7x more likely than average to be engaging with Instagram, underlining the power of one company owning both sites. Pinterest also scores its highest usage figures in Thailand (24%), with more than a fifth of internet users engaging in Indonesia, India, South Africa, the USA and Saudi Arabia. In terms of audience sizes, the USA is once again dominant, though. Unlike Instagram and Tumblr, the gender split for Pinterest is skewed towards women, while age-based patterns are as one would expect: 16-24s are more than twice as likely as the older age groups to be engaging. For Tumblr, the gender and income splits are pretty even but the youngest age groups are in the lead once more. In terms of countries, there’s a fairly neat divide – with fast-growth nations in the top half and more mature markets in the lower half. So, the 18% who are engaging in the leading countries of Saudi Arabia and India compare to just 9% in the US and 6% in the UK. This is in line with the general popularity of blogging and blog-related platforms in emerging internet markets: consumers in these countries are much more vocal when it comes to sharing their own views online as well as engaging with blogs written by other people. As a result, Indian internet users represent a much larger segment of Tumblr’s user base than their American counterparts. China is also a major player – something we explore in the next section. Chinese Networking: Qzone, Sina Weibo and Tencent Weibo Still Dominate In Q3 2014, just 7% of Chinese internet users said they didn’t have an account on any social network. And just 14% reported that they hadn’t actively used any social platform within the last month. Given the vast size of the country’s adult internet population (rapidly approaching the 500 million mark), the number of social networkers that these figures represent are colossal. What’s more, given that China accounts for about a third of all internet users across the 32 markets surveyed by GWI, it’s easy to see how global averages can be dragged down if a trend is not pronounced in this particular market. It’s for this reason that the charts above excluded China. Currently, three platforms dominate the Chinese networking landscape, with more than two thirds having accounts on Sina Weibo, Qzone and Tencent Weibo. In terms of active usage, Sina and Qzone are both above the 50% mark, while Tencent follows closely behind at 44%.
  • 18. 18 CHART 7: Top 15 Social Platforms in China - Account Ownership and Active Usage Question: Account: On which of the following services do you have an account? // Active users: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users in China aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our China Market Report as well as our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs Traditionally, many Chinese networks have been seen as close equivalents to some of the global platforms tracked in our earlier charts; micro-blogging sites Sina and Weibo are viewed as the Chinese versions of Twitter, Qzone’s similarities to Facebook have been much discussed while Youku has been held as comparable to YouTube. Given that many of the world’s major networks are subject to official bans in China, it’s therefore been assumed that the country’s internet users are turning to these local equivalents because they can’t access the international ones. However, our data shows that this simply isn’t the case: significant minorities of Chinese internet users have accounts on Google+ (39%), Facebook (36%), Twitter (29%), YouTube (26%), as well as many of the more specialized platforms. Smaller but still important groups are actively using them each month, too: rates on Google+ and Facebook are actually higher than those for domestic platforms Kaixin and 51.com, for example. Of course, the figures for the Big 4 global platforms in China are significantly below the equivalents recorded in almost all other nations – hence why they have been excluded from earlier charts to stop trends in one country distorting the global picture. Nevertheless, when we convert the percentages in China into audience figures, it’s clear that all of the major platforms have substantial Chinese user bases (typically, in fact, China represents one of their top markets in terms of audience size). In some traditional studies, it’s still common to see Chinese usage of Facebook, Twitter and similar sites recorded as zero. This is a major mistake. There are in fact a number of ways that Chinese internet users are bypassing official restrictions on social networks; these include logging in while abroad or via apps, but by far the biggest technique is using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) or Proxy Server.
  • 19. 19 VPNs: A Major Gateway to Social Networks For anyone unfamiliar with VPNs, they allow people to bypass traditional connections and tracking methods to use the internet via a remotely located server; essentially, it’s as if people are entering the internet discretely via a side door rather than through the main entrance. That means VPNs can provide access to any social network which is subject to geo-restrictions (whether in place to protect content or because usage has been prohibited by authorities). At present, VPNs are still viewed as pretty niche tools used mainly by savviest or geekiest of internet users. Worldwide, though, it’s over a quarter of online adults who say they’ve used one to connect to the web. Hardly that niche, then – especially when we recognize that this percentage translates to more than 400 million VPN users. Significantly, VPN usage is much higher in fast-growth rather than mature markets. What’s more, using them to access social networks is a major motivation, with a notable peak in APAC; as our chart shows, it’s Indonesia and Vietnam which lead the way (22% each), followed by China (20%). CHART 8: Using VPNs to Access Social Networks
  • 20. 20 CHART 8: Using VPNs to Access Social Networks Question: Can you please tell us why you use VPNs or proxy servers when browsing the internet? To access restricted social networks /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q4 2013 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “VPN” in the free search box, or click Internet Landscape > VPN/Proxy Usage. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “VPN and Proxy Server Usage” and “VPN and Proxy Servers: Usage Motivations” data packs Look at the corresponding audience sizes, and the importance of these tools in China is plain to see: over 90 million online adults in China have used one to access restricted social platforms. Compare that to places like the UK and USA, where the equivalent figure is just 3%, and the disparity is pretty striking (with most of the 1 million UK and 5 million US users looking to access networks which are restricted in their place of work). Globally, this behavior is most common among men and 16-34s but – interestingly – it’s equal across the income quartiles. Not only does this trend underline the potential limitations of using passively collected, geo-located data – which can over-estimate the size of social audiences in markets such as the USA, where VPN and Proxy servers tend to be located – it also emphasizes the growing futility of attempting to prevent national audiences from accessing certain sites. Just look at how easily internet users in Turkey were able to overcome the government’s restrictions on Twitter earlier this year, for example. But this data also shows why networking behaviors in China – as well as in many other fast-growth markets – are much more diversified and sophisticated than often assumed. In fact, if we look at the social networks being actively used by those who have deployed VPNs, the numbers are pretty compelling.
  • 21. 21 • The Missing Billion (GWI’s white paper on audience measurement) • Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers (GWI Trend) • Multi-Networking (GWI Trend) • Profiling Pinterest Users (GWI Infographic) • Facebook Visitors in MENA (GWI Infographic) • Instagram Users (GWI Infographic) • Social Networking in China (GWI Infographic) • Google+ Users (GWI Infographic) • YouTube Users in the UK (GWI Infographic) • Account Ownership: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) • Active Usage: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) • Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) • VPN and Proxy Server Usage (GWI Data Pack) • VPNs and Proxy Servers: Usage Motivations (GWI Data Pack) Question: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: VPN Users aged 16-64 CHART 9: Social Network Usage Among VPN Users % VPN users active on the following services Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “VPN” in the free search box, or click Internet Landscape > VPN/ Proxy Usage. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “VPN and Proxy Server Usage” and “VPN and Proxy Servers: Usage Motivations” data packs Given its number one position overall, it’s perhaps not surprising to see that VPN users are most likely to be active on Facebook (44%). But other major platforms are well represented too, including Google+ (33%), Twitter (31%) and YouTube (30%). Potentially, that means that significant portions of the audiences for these sites are being incorrectly geo-allocated by passive analytics – underlining the importance of actively reported data gathered direct from internet users themselves. It also gives clear context to the buzz generated by Facebook’s Atlas platform, as well as other tracking techniques which rely on self-reported information from users who remain logged in across devices. For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please download the following from the Insight Store:
  • 22. 22 FOCUS ON FACEBOOK Current trends on the leading social network 4 • Although Facebook’s membership and visitation rates are still climbing, active usage is falling – with 50% of members in the UK and US saying they are using it less than they used to, and more than a third claiming to be bored of Facebook. All of these figures rise higher among teens. • Visitor numbers via PCs/laptops have contracted in recent quarters, whereas those accessing via mobiles and tablets have risen strongly. • Usage of Facebook’s two apps is growing strongly, especially for Messenger (up by nearly 250% since early 2013). Key Headlines Facebook Usage Becoming More Passive When Facebook’s performance is tracked over time, two trends emerge very clearly: membership and visitation rates have been holding steady or increasing, while active usage levels have been experiencing a moderate decline. There was relatively little change in the percentage of internet users who had a Facebook account between early 2013 and late 2014 (with the figure hovering just above the 80% mark outside of China). However, as the size of the global internet population increases with each quarter that passes, this means that the total membership base has risen by more than 200 million during this period. It’s a similar story with visitation rates – the headline figures have remained at about 75%, meaning the total number of internet users visiting Facebook each month has grown by around 90 million. Overall, then, Facebook’s audience size and reach remain in the ascendancy. But the picture for active usage is rather different. Here, the figures have fallen from more than two thirds in early 2014 to just under 50% in late 2014. Although the World Cup caused a small uptick in the final quarter on Chart 10, the prevailing downwards trend here is pretty clear to see. That means the numbers who consider themselves to be actively using Facebook have fallen by around 100 million.
  • 23. 23 DEFINITIONS · Account Owners – 16-64 year-olds who claim to have an account on Facebook · Visitors – 16-64 year-olds who claim to have visited the site in the last month (via any device) · Active Users – 16-64 year-olds who have an account and say they have used or contributed to the site in the last month (via any device) Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2013 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Overall: Internet Users aged 16-64 // Behaviors: Active Facebook Users aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User or Cross Device > Web Brand Visitation. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut Facebook data packs as well as our “Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers” trend CHART 10: Facebook: Key Figures and Behaviors
  • 24. 24 Understanding GWI’s user numbers for Facebook GWI and Facebook have varying estimates surrounding the extent of active usage, with GWI’s “visitors” figure being the closest proxy for Facebook’s “active user” measure. GWI’s visitor number is typically about two thirds the equivalent of Facebook’s corresponding active user number (in September 2014, Facebook claimed to have 1.35 billion monthly active users, whereas GWI’s data showed it to have 901 million). This is a direct result of the different definitions that each applies, with GWI data representing 89% of the global internet audience and not including the following: • Duplicate accounts (estimated by Facebook to represent between 4.3% and 7.9% of their worldwide monthly active users in 2013) • False accounts (whether “user-misclassified accounts” or “undesirable accounts”, estimated by Facebook to represent between 0.8%-2.1% and 0.4%-1.2% of worldwide monthly active users respectively). • Auto log-ins (people who are automatically logged in to the service without actually using it, a common issue with mobile applications in particular; these users are counted as active by Facebook) • Third-Party Likers (people who are signed in via a third-party website and click a “like” button but who are not actively using the main site itself; these users are counted as active by Facebook) • Incorrectly geo-located users (Facebook notes that “data regarding the geographic location of our users is estimated based on a number of factors, such as the user’s IP address and self-disclosed location. These factors may not always accurately reflect the user’s actual location.”) • Users under 16 or 65+ • Individuals who access the internet via a mobile only (this group will be added to GWI’s core survey shortly) Both datasets have their own merits but we believe that one of the biggest strengths of GWI’s figures is that they measure usage in terms of numbers of people rather than users. They also show the numbers who perceive themselves to be using Facebook, as opposed to passively collected data which can incorrectly classify people into this group. To explore this subject in more detail, please download the Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers trend from the Insight Store. Across GWI’s 32 countries, Facebook still has more than 600 million active users aged 16-64 – far more than any other social network. And, as we’ve seen, its overall audience size is still rising. Facebook is certainly not dying a slow death, then, despite what some reports like to proclaim. That said, it is clear that behaviors on the platform are changing and evolving. The biggest driver of this has been the rise of passive networking: people are still engaging with Facebook – hence why membership and visitation rates are still growing – but they’ve been using it in different ways. In short, they’re still on Facebook but they’re carrying out fewer actions while there. If we look at some key behaviors on Facebook – all of which were pretty fundamental to Facebook in its earlier days – we get some stark confirmation of this trend. Over the last six quarters, the numbers messaging friends on a 1-to-1 basis have dropped by 20 percentage points. Meanwhile, there’s been a 17-point drop in updating one’s profile status, a 10-point drop in uploading videos and – perhaps most starkly of all – a 24-point decrease in photo uploading. The same pattern is present for all of the behaviors we track on Facebook – the numbers doing them on a monthly basis have been undergoing sharp declines. It’s a complex combination of factors which are causing this move towards more passive forms of Facebooking. For certain behaviors, there are some very specific contributors. For example, it’s not hard to see how the rapid rise of Instagram would cause fewer people to upload photos on Facebook, especially as the two sites have such a big crossover in terms of their membership bases. Similarly, the explosion of mobile messaging apps means that many of the conversations that used to take place inside Facebook have now migrated elsewhere (a trend which has been accelerated by Facebook’s decision to remove the messaging functionality from its main app). At a more general level, though, the rise of mobile networking is playing its part here too. Broadly speaking, mobile visits to social networks tend to be more frequent but shorter and less interactive than those made via other devices. Although there’s no set rule, it is fair to say that – generally – people are more likely to browse their newsfeed and perhaps click the like button than undertake more in-depth activities. And this encourages much more passive forms of engagement where people are more likely to simply look at things rather than interact with them. As a result, many will not consider themselves to be actively engaging with the site, even if they are still visiting it.
  • 25. 25 50% of Facebook Members Say They Are Using It Less For a site which is more than ten years old, there’s a boredom factor at work too. It’s natural that some people will grow less interested in a site over time – especially when so many others are now available to use. But we also have to recognize that the social networking landscape now looks very different to when Facebook first launched. Back in 2004, Myspace represented the only significant competition for Facebook, and younger age groups were very quick to adopt the “cool” new network-on-the- block. Facebook was fresh and new. For today’s teens, this simply isn’t the case – Facebook is not just old, it’s the network that their older siblings grew up with and which – in many cases – their parents are now using too. These factors feature very prominently when we ask current members about their attitudes towards Facebook. CHART 11: Facebook Usage Levels in the US and UK Question: Are you using Facebook less than you used to? For what reason(s) are you using Facebook less than you used to? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: 12,399 Facebook Members in the US and UK aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Facebook Access > Facebook Usage Levels and Social Media > Facebook Access > Motivations to Use Facebook Less
  • 26. 26 When GWI surveyed nearly 12,500 Facebook members in the UK and USA, some 50% said that they were using the site less than they used to. Men (55%) were slightly ahead of women (46%), while the younger groups posted higher figures than the older ones, but the cross-demographic nature of the agreement was the most striking trend. The top reason given by Facebook members for using the site less frequently was that they were simply less interested in it than they used to be (45%). But more than a third (37%) claimed to be bored of Facebook and close to a fifth (18%) think that the site is no longer as cool as it once was. Privacy concerns loom large too, with nearly 3 in 10 saying that they don’t believe Facebook is secure or private enough – something which might help to explain why Facebook recently released a Tor hidden version of its site. Elsewhere, the more competitive nature of the social networking landscape also has relevance: the numbers saying that they’ve started using other types of sites such micro-blogs, messaging apps or photo-sharing services approach the 10% mark in each case. As we’ve noted, many of the attitudes seen above are to be expected on a site that is more than a decade old. But a much bigger problem emerges for Facebook if we look at response rates among teens (defined here as 16-19s) – the most coveted but fickle demographic for any social networking site, and the one into which Snapchat has been able to make serious inroads. At a headline level, it’s nearly two thirds of teens who say they are using Facebook less than they used to. Just as significantly – and even more worryingly for Facebook – teens under-index on saying that they’re spending less time on social networks generally but then over-index on almost all of the specific anti- Facebook options. Put simply, teens are less likely than others to be moving away from social networks as a genre but more likely than other audiences to be moving away from Facebook. Interestingly, teens are behind others for thinking that Facebook lacks sufficient security or privacy credentials – one of the biggest initial selling points for Snapchat. But they then over-index the most strongly for using alternative types of social networks and for being bored of Facebook. Ten years ago, Facebook was the site that any teen wanted to be on; now, Facebook has become the opposite – it’s lost a serious part of its appeal among this key demographic. All that acknowledged, some caveats are essential here. Along with other users, teens haven’t left Facebook – they’re still visiting it and using it, they’re just less positive about it than they used to be. Even more crucially, Facebook doesn’t need its users to love it; its ad-based revenues are underpinned by the proposition of reaching specific audiences. So, as long as membership and visitation rates remain strong or on the rise – as they are – profits will follow. Indeed, this is one of the major strengths of Atlas, its new advertising platform. Not only can Atlas use the information it knows about you from Facebook to target you while you’re on other websites or in third-party apps, it overcomes the problems of being reliant on cookies. It thus represents a significant leap-forward in terms of mobile tracking in particular, an area where 3rd party cookies have been made redundant through restrictions at the operating-system level, such as those on iOS devices among others. In short, the success of Atlas depends on people being logged in rather than actively engaging with the site; if we bear in mind that more than 4 in 5 adult internet users outside of China currently have a Facebook account – and hence have handed over basic demographic information about themselves as well as a degree of behavioral data derived from their usage habits – the potential reach and accuracy of Atlas is pretty impressive. No wonder it’s been seen by many as a direct challenge to Google’s DoubleClick platform as well as one of the best solutions yet to the challenge of understanding today’s multi-device internet users – able to marry up visits made in different browsers/apps and across different devices. Atlas will also benefit from the types of actions that people are most likely to undertake on Facebook; as Chart 12 demonstrates, by far the most popular form of interaction in Q3 2014 was clicking the “like” button. 50% of Teens are Bored of Facebook
  • 27. 27 CHART 12: Top Behaviors on Facebook Question: Thinking about when you use Facebook, can you please tell us if you have done any of the following within the last month? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Facebook Members aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platform Past Month Activities > Facebook Actions. In the same section, PRO Platform users can also explore lists of behaviors specific to Twitter and Google+ Globally, close to 85% of Facebook members say that they have used the “like” button within the last month. And although teens are behind average on this measure, the figure still hits the three-quarters mark even within the demographic – giving Atlas just the type of information it needs to deliver more effective advertising. What’s more, close to half say they have visited a brand’s page, 4 in 10 report having followed a new company or brand, 3 in 10 have shared branded photos or videos and a quarter have posted something positive about a company. All this is very positive news for Facebook – even though the teen problem is in evidence once more (the only place where teens over-index compared to other users in for “unliking” a brand).
  • 28. 28 Facebook App Usage Climbs by 200% Despite Facebook usage becoming more passive in character, one of the other highly positive stories for Facebook is its booming engagement rates via mobile devices. CHART 13: Facebook Visitors by Platform Question: Internet users who have: visited Facebook in the last month via PC/Laptop, Mobile or Tablet; who have used its official app; and who have used Facebook Messenger /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2013 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User or Cross Device > Web Brand Visitation. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut Facebook data packs as well as our “Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers” trend Over the last two years, the numbers visiting via PCs or laptops have grown by just 2% (although if we were to shorten the time period in question, we’d actually see a decline here across the most recent quarters). In contrast, visitation rates via all other devices and platforms are rising rapidly. Mobile and tablet visitors have increased by 44% and 77% respectively, but the most momentum can be seen for its two apps. On its main smartphone app, numbers have shot up by 198% since Q1 2013 – an obvious reflection of how strongly social networking behaviors are migrating to mobile (as well as showing that the large majority of smartphone visitors are accessing the site via the official app rather than the mobile website). millions
  • 29. 29 Even more significant is the increase for Facebook Messenger – up by nearly 250%. In part, of course, this has been driven by Facebook’s decision to strip the messaging functionality out of its main app and encourage (or force) people to use Messenger instead. Although patterns are far from uniform on a country-by-country basis, the global rise is pretty clear to see: outside of China, the number of internet users engaging with Messenger stood at just 8% back at the end of 2012, whereas it had hit 27% by Q3 2014. In certain countries, the spike caused by the migration to Messenger is in fact obvious: in the UK, usage shot up from 15% in Q1 2014 to 26% in Q3 2014. When Facebook removed messaging from its main app, it seemed designed to protect the Facebook brand within a rapidly evolving social networking landscape; as conversations shift away from the major networks towards mobile chat apps, the danger for Facebook was that it could become increasingly sidelined, especially with WhatsApp destined to remain a standalone product. But while it was a smart move in that respect, it’s well-known that social networkers don’t like change – least of all when it’s being forced on them. The level of discontent being vented on forums – and on Facebook itself – was clear testament to this; while some users didn’t mind the migration, lots of them were pretty furious with the social networking giant. Of course, Facebook has never shied away from making changes when it wants to – even when users were likely to react badly – but this one seemed bigger than most. Now we know there was another pretty major factor at play: Facebook doesn’t just see Messenger as a communication platform, it wants it have a much bigger, and more overtly commercial, function – with a bit of digital sleuthing by a Stanford University student having uncovered a piece of code showing its planned role as a peer-to-peer money transfer service. The system mimics the mechanics used by WeChat in allowing users to send money to each other via PIN-secured transfers based on debit card payments; it’s fairly easy to see in this the influence of PayPal’s former president David Marcus, who joined Facebook in June. And although other person-to-person payment apps have been out there for a while now, Facebook’s huge reach would give it a distinct advantage in terms of pushing this behavior into the mainstream. Even more crucially, GlobalWebIndex’s research reveals close to half of Messenger’s users bought something via their mobile in Q3 2014 (ahead of the equivalent figure among the general online population, with a 1.33 over-index). Although not explicitly designed for purchasing products at the moment, it’s not hard to imagine how Messenger’s new role could be expanded further to facilitate this, giving Facebook a significant footprint in a space set to enjoy massive growth in the months and years ahead. Following its largely unsuccessful “gifts” service, quietly withdrawn earlier this year, we know that Facebook has been testing a “Buy” button in the US and will be keen not to lose ground to its rival Twitter, which has already unveiled its plans for an equivalent feature. Seen in this context, the evolution of Facebook Messenger is actually a fairly critical part of the social network’s future success. Although Facebook shares are now trading at twice their IPO price, Mark Zuckerberg and his executives know that Facebook needs to become more than just a network supported by advertising revenues alone. Just look at the hype surrounding new-kid-on-the-block Ello to see how weary some users are becoming of its seemingly relentless focus on advertising. Facebook’s move into the money transfer and online shopping markets is thus another step in its transition from a social network to a service provider. And it’s one that could prove highly lucrative. • Understanding Facebook’s User Numbers (GWI Trend) • Multi-Networking (GWI Trend) • Mobile Messaging (GWI Trend) • Facebook Visitors in MENA (GWI Infographic) • Instagram Users (GWI Infographic) • Social Networking in China (GWI Infographic) • WhatsApp Users (GWI Infographic) • Account Ownership: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) • Active Usage: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) • Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) • Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps (GWI Data Pack) For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please download the following content from the Insight Store:
  • 30. 30 DEVICE TRENDS AND MESSAGING APPS Understanding social behaviors across devices 5 • Snapchat is the fastest growing app overall, and posts its best figures among the key teen demographic. • The numbers using social networks via a mobile or tablet continue to rise, just as the audience using PCs or laptops is contracting in size. • Mobile networkers are young, affluent and most likely to be in fast-growth nations. • Outside of China, Facebook is the top social app and its Messenger and WhatsApp tools dominate in terms of mobile messaging. Inside China, it’s Qzone and WeChat which lead. Globally, more than two thirds of the online population are actively using social networks on a monthly basis – a figure which has crept up very slightly since 2012. But while PCs and laptops are still the leading devices, it is mobiles and tablets which are enjoying strong growth rates. Key Headlines Mobile Networking Continues to Climb CHART 14: Social Networking and Micro-blogging by Device
  • 31. 31 Question: Which of the following have you done online in the past month? Used a social networking service / Used a micro-blogging service /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q4 2012 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Online Activities” in the free search box, or click Cross Device > Online Activities - Cross Device Split. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Used a Social Networking Service” data packs Across GWI’s 32 countries, 3 in 5 adult internet users are now connecting to social networks via a PC or laptop. In terms of percentages, this doesn’t represent much of a decrease since Q4 2012 when the figure stood at 62%. Nevertheless, if we remember that the size of the global internet population has grown considerably over this period, the decline is actually more substantial than it first appears. Although they remain dominant, then, the direction of travel for PCs and laptops is clear: they are slowly losing their grip over social networking behaviors. Comparing PC/laptops to mobiles is perhaps the clearest way to demonstrate this trend. Back in 2012, PCs had a 30-point lead; as 2014 draws to a close, this has been cut to just 17 percentage points. More than 2 in 5 internet users are now networking via a mobile, with ever-rising smartphone ownership as well as improving access to 4G coverage highly likely to provide further boosts. During the same period, the numbers networking via a tablet have more than doubled. A fifth of internet users are now using social networks on tablet devices. Whether this rate of growth can continue in the face of bigger and more sophisticated smartphones – especially in the “phablet” category – will be a key area to watch throughout 2015. As we discuss in our Tablet Trends report, there is in fact much evidence to suggest that mobiles are beginning to forge a stronger lead over tablets when it comes to on-the-go activities such as networking. As we approach the midway point of the decade, close to a third (32%) of internet users say they are engaging with micro-blogs each month. Here, mobiles are already challenging PCs/laptops extremely strongly as the dominant device, being just five points behind. Tablets have been posting increases here too but, as with social networks, the mobile audience remains twice as big. Of course, PCs and laptops will certainly not be abandoned for either genre; the nature of today’s multi-device internet usage means that these devices will continue to serve as important access points at least some of the time. Nevertheless, mobiles are increasingly becoming a first-choice device for all things social.
  • 32. 32 More Than Half of 16-34s are Mobile Networkers Mobile networkers are young and affluent, confirming why they have become such an attractive audience to brands and advertisers. CHART 15: Profiling Mobile Networkers Question: Which of the following have you done online in the past month via a mobile? Used a social networking service /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64 % % % Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Mobile Activities” in the free search box, or click Mobile > Activities on a Mobile > Monthly Activities on a Mobile. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Activities: Used a Social Networking Service” data pack Gender exerts relatively little impact here, with women (44%) only slightly ahead of men (42%). As we might expect, there are far bigger differences by age: 16-34s (52%) have a considerable lead over the other age groups, with this behavior reaching its lowest point among 55-64s (19%). And, although the differences by income are hardly profound, it’s still within the top income quartile (49%) that this activity reaches its peak.
  • 33. 33 The most striking variations are to be found at a regional and national level. While more than half of those in LatAm and MENA are now networking via mobile, for example, the equivalent figures in Europe and North America lag behind at 38% – and this despite the US being the home of so many of the world’s leading networks. In part, this is a result of internet populations in fast-growth regions tending to have relatively young age profiles – making them more likely to engage with social networks generally. But the importance of smartphones in these regions is a key driver too; PCs and laptops played a much less fundamental role in the development of their internet experiences (and infrastructure), meaning internet users have been quicker to embrace online activities on their phones. These regional trends are reflected if we look at rates of mobile networking by country. Mexico is the global leader – where the figure approaches 7 in 10 – but all thirteen of the markets where this behavior has become majoritarian are fast-growth nations. At the other end of the spectrum, only a third of internet users or less are networking via a mobile in places such as Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, France and Japan. As we explore in our Market Reports, these countries are some of the least enthusiastic about networking at a general level, and hence it’s not a surprise to see them trailing behind global patterns here. When China is excluded from analysis – a market where WeChat is absolutely dominant (see below) – the strong influence of Facebook over app behaviors is abundantly clear to see. Facebook has the Top Social and Messaging Apps CHART 16: Top Social and Messaging Apps Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet applications have you used in the past month? (on any device) /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Applications” in the free search box or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack
  • 34. 34 In terms of social apps, Facebook (43%) has a five-point lead over second-placed YouTube (38%), with Google+ (24%) and then Twitter (21%) following behind. Instagram can also claim a decent share – with 16% of adult internet users now using it – but most other apps then post relatively minor figures. As we in Chapter 1, it’s now 47% of adult internet users who say they are actively using Facebook. That 43% are engaging with its app shows just how vital mobile traffic has become to the site (and to social networks more generally) and helps to shed light on the reason for its booming profits based on mobile advertising. For messaging apps, Facebook can lay claim to the first and second most-popular apps, with Messenger on 27% and WhatsApp very close behind on 25%. Earlier in the 2014, WhatsApp had overtaken Messenger as the top messaging app; that Facebook Messenger has now reclaimed its number one position is an obvious reflection of the social network removing the messaging functionality from its main app. Globally, the only real challenge to Facebook comes in the form of Skype – an app being used by just over a fifth of the internet population (21%) but which has traditionally been associated with VOIP communication only. Now, though, Skype is launching Qik, allowing users to share 42-second mobile videos that are automatically deleted from the receiver’s phone after 2 weeks (as well as 5-second ‘Qik Fliks’ for even shorter communications). This is a clear attempt to grab a bigger share of the mobile messaging market and to encourage more frequent levels of engagement (VOIP calls are typically made quite infrequently, whereas messaging services are often being used multiple times a day). The other names tracked in our chart all account for relatively minor shares of internet users. However, as we explore below in relation to Snapchat, these global figures can mask higher levels of growth and engagement within certain countries or among particular demographics. Snapchat is the Fastest Growing Messaging App In the last six months, Snapchat has been the fastest rising social/messaging app – having grown its user base by 56% between Q1 and Q3 2014. CHART 17: Social and Messaging Apps: Growth in Last Six Months Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet applications have you used in the past month? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2014 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Applications” in the free search box or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack
  • 35. 35 As we saw above, Snapchat remains a relatively minor force overall – being used by just 5% of the total internet audience – but this figure is impacted heavily by low engagement rates in the oldest age groups and in certain key markets with large populations. Facebook Messenger has also grown its audience by more than 50% as users were forced to adopt it in place of sending messages via the network’s main app. Arguably, therefore, Instagram’s more organic growth of 47% is more impressive. Snapchat and Facebook certainly aren’t alone in seeing growth during 2014. All of the apps tracked in our chart have posted strong increases in the last six months, giving yet more proof of the ongoing migration of social behaviors to mobile devices. Snapchat Most Popular Among Teens Snapchat is not just the fastest growing app – it’s also the one where the coveted teen demographic over-index the most strongly (in Chart 18, we list all the social/messaging apps where this audience is ahead of average for usage). CHART 18: Teen Usage of Social and Messaging Apps
  • 36. 36 China excluded, some 13% of teens worldwide are using the Snapchat app each month; that means teens are more than 2.5 times as likely to be Snapchatting as the average internet user. But this figure rises much, much higher in certain countries – with Snapchat performing much more strongly in Europe and North America than in the other world regions. In terms of the key teen audience, Snapchat has its best coverage in Ireland (38%), Canada (35%) and the UK (35%). But more than a quarter of online 16-19s are also using it in Australia, Singapore, the UAE, Sweden, the Netherlands and the USA. In many of these places, Snapchat is actually more popular with teens than either Facebook Messenger or WhatsApp – something which helps to explain why the service which so famously refused Facebook’s advances remains a serious thorn in its side. Despite Snapchat’s success among one of the most closely observed demographics, though, it still needs to find some revenue streams. The impending introduction of adverts will help with this, but Evan Spiegel has already stated that they will be opt- in, will be part of the Stories feature and will not interrupt normal messaging. Snapchat simply doesn’t want to become an ad-supported platform in the same way as a Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet applications have you used in the past month? (on any device) /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Applications” in the free search box or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack network like Facebook. And that’s where its rumored investor Yahoo – and its stream of content as well as services such as Summly and Tumblr – could prove very useful, especially as Snapchat has been developing its new Discovery feature to allow people to engage with videos and articles. It’s this sort of content in which advertisers are likely to be much more interested – leaving Snapchat’s original reason-for-being, its messaging function, as a largely ad-free space. Ultimately, then, this would be a deal which would work for both sides: Snapchat would become more attractive from an advertising perspective, while Yahoo would gain more of a presence on mobile as well as access to a young, trend-setting audience. It’s also more evidence of how social networks are evolving; just as Facebook is looking to become more of a service provider through its new payment feature on Messenger, so Snapchat is eyeing up the content-hub space. If we return to Chart 18, teens are also noticeably ahead on services such as Vine (2.6 over-index), Tumblr (2.3) and Instagram (1.5). The latter shows just how vital Facebook’s acquisitions have been; while 16-19s are only very slightly more likely than average to be using Facebook’s main or Messenger apps, their strong adoption of Facebook-owned Instagram means that this key group is still active within the wider Facebook network.
  • 37. 37 Among Chinese internet users, two apps are significantly ahead in terms of engagement, with Qzone being the top social app (used by 60% of the country’s online population) and WeChat being by far the most popular messaging service (on 59%). WeChat is in fact the world’s top messaging app if the Chinese audience is included, and is a particularly dominant force within the APAC region. Sina Weibo (49%) and RenRen (28%) also claim significant shares, underlining the dominance of local names in this market, but a number of global names then follow behind – including Google+ (17%), Facebook (14%) and Twitter (11%). Back in Chart 7, we saw that these three international networks were being actively used by 23%, 21% and 19% of Chinese internet users respectively; these figures for app usage show just how important mobiles are as an access point for networks which are subject to official restrictions within China. Indeed, some two thirds of Chinese Facebookers are accessing at least some of the time via the app, as are 60% of China’s Twitter users. Along with VPNs and Proxy Servers, mobiles are thus a major route for Chinese networkers looking to access the global leaders – explaining why names like Facebook and Twitter have much bigger audiences in China than is often recognized. Qzone and WeChat are the Dominant Apps in China CHART 19: Social and Messaging Apps in China Question: Which of the following mobile / tablet applications have you used in the past month? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet Users in China aged 16-64 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Applications” in the free search box or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack • GWI Device (GWI Flagship Report) • Teens (GWI Audience Report) • Mobile Messaging (GWI Trend) • WhatsApp Users (GWI Infographic) • • Social Networking in China (GWI Infographic) • Snapchat in Numbers (GWI Infographic) • Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) • Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps (GWI Data Pack) For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please download the following content from the Insight Store:
  • 38. 38 AGE TRENDS Tracking social engagement by age 6 Key Headlines • Of the major networks, Facebook has the oldest audience and, in the last six months, was the only one to see a decline in active usage among 16-24s. • Pinterest has seen the highest and most consistent cross-age increases in active usage since the start of 2014. • More than 70% of users on Tumblr and Instagram are under 35, as are nearly 85% on Snapchat – giving these three services the youngest age profiles. • 16-24s are the most likely to be sharing on social networks, with 50% saying that one of their major reasons for using these platforms is to find funny or entertaining content. When the active user bases of the biggest global platforms are split by age, it is Tumblr and Instagram which can claim the youngest audiences – 38% and 37% of their respective users fall within the 16-24 demographic. Overall, in fact, more than 70% of their audiences are under the age of 35. Across all of the social networks tracked in Chart 20, the dominance of the younger age brackets is clear – 16-24s account for at least a quarter of adult users in each case. Nevertheless, Facebook’s cross-demographic appeal is clear – it has the oldest audience of any major network, with nearly a quarter of users over the age of 45. Even LinkedIn has a younger overall profile. In part, Facebook’s older user base is a natural consequence of its being the most popular network globally – and the one that older users are therefore most likely to have joined too. Clearly, the audience on a platform like Tumblr might be much younger, but it’s much smaller too. Facebook can also point to the young user base of Instagram. Even so, that YouTube and Twitter both have higher shares of 16-24s than Facebook is a sign of how behaviors have been evolving in recent years. It’s also a reflection of Facebook’s ageing user base; original adopters – now within the 25-34 age bracket – are still active on the site, but today’s youngest generation are not quite as enthusiastic as their predecessors. In terms of mobile messaging tools, the teen love affair with Snapchat is evident once more; nearly 6 in 10 of its users come from the 16-24 group, with a mighty 84% being 34 or under. Kik, WeChat and Line can also boast that more than a third of their users are from this key demographic, whereas a service like Skype has a much older audience – a result, in part, of it being so popular as a family communication tool. Tumblr, Instagram and Snapchat Have the Youngest Audiences
  • 39. 39 Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs. For apps, enter “Applications” in the free search box or click Apps > Specific Applications > Specific Applications Used. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps” data pack Facebook Sees Small Decline Among 16-24s As we saw in Chapter 1/Chart 5, the last six months have seen most of the biggest social networks enjoying buoyant rises in their membership and active user numbers as the World Cup became a major, worldwide talking point. If we look at this by age, though, a pretty telling trend emerges. There’s just one network which experienced a decline in any of the age groups – and that network was Facebook, among 16-24s. Now, some context is essential here. Facebook only saw the smallest of drops among this demographic (-0.5%) and, overall, it remains the top destination for teens and other younger internet users. It’s also far easier for the smaller networks like Pinterest and Tumblr to post substantial increases, given their lower starting bases. Nevertheless, that Facebook failed to post an increase among this audience against the context of all networks seeing rises in all age groups does illustrate the difficulties that the social networking giant is facing in terms of keeping the youngest segments enthusiastic and engaged. So too does it suggest that the new features it has been launching in a bid to rival those offered by services such as Snapchat have been failing to resonate. CHART 20: Active Users of the Top Social Platforms and Messaging Tools, by Age Question: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? e.g. PC/laptop, mobile phone, tablet, etc. // Which of the following mobile / tablet applications have you used in the past month? (on any device) /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Active social network and active app users aged 16-64, exc. China
  • 40. 40 Significantly, other big platforms like Twitter, Google+ and YouTube also saw relatively modest across-the-board increases compared to the other services tracked in our chart. Again, we have to recognize that they have the largest existing user bases, but this is very much in line with the trend towards more diversified, multi-networking behaviors where the smaller and more specialist platforms such as Pinterest, Instagram and Tumblr are the big beneficiaries. Indeed, Pinterest’s growing cross-demographic appear is clear: it’s the only platform to see a rise of 100% or more across every age group. CHART 21: Changes in Active User Numbers in Last Six Months, By Age Question: Which of the following services have you used or contributed to in the past month using any type of device? e.g. PC/laptop, mobile phone, tablet, etc. /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q1 2014 - Q3 2014 /// Base: Internet users aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Account” or “Active” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Platforms > Account Ownership / Active User. Alternatively, you can download our pre-cut “Account Ownership: Social Platforms” or “Active Usage: Social Platforms” data packs
  • 41. 41 16-24s are the Biggest Sharers One of the reasons why the 16-24 group is usually seen as the most important in terms of social networking trends and behaviors is illustrated by Chart 22: if we analyze networkers using GWI’s social segmentation, they are the most likely to be actively sharing content, commenting on posts and interacting with others. CHART 22: Social Segmentation, by Age /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Social networkers aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Segmentation” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Behavioral Segmentation > Social Behavioral Segmentation. “Sharers” are individuals who upload photos, hit “like” buttons, re-post/re-tweet or share content; the vast majority of 16-24s (and 25-34s) fall into this category, with the figures then decreasing in line with age, to hit just 50% among 55-64s. A similar pattern is present across four of the other segments, with 16-34s leading the way in each case: • The “creators” – networkers who are uploading videos, writing stories or blogs, running their own websites or contributing product ideas to campaigns. • The “commenters” – those who have posted questions or comments across various social platforms. • The “socializers” – individuals who say they use the internet to stay in touch with friends or to keep others up-to-date with their lives. • The “reviewers” – those who are posting reviews and opinions online. Clearly, then, younger networkers remain the most engaged group; 16-34s carry out the greatest number of activities on social platforms, as well as having the broadest behavioral profiles.
  • 42. 42 Only with the “passives” segment do we see a different situation. This group incorporates those networkers not included in any of the other categories – i.e. those who are not typically interacting with content or other users in any major way. This segment includes just 9% of 16-24s but a much more substantial 31% of 55-64s (with the figures rising directly in line with age). So, older internet users are not only less likely to be on social networks in the first place, those who do use them are less likely to be as active as their younger counterparts. This pattern is present once more when we look at the motivations that people say they have for using social networks; across all ten options tracked in Chart 22, it is 16-24s who post the highest figures. CHART 23: Social Networking Motivations, by Age
  • 43. 43 For further analysis of the topics covered in this section, please download the following content from the Insight Store: • Generations (GWI Audience Report) • Website Visitation: PC, Mobile, Tablet (GWI Data Pack) • Account Ownership: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) • Active Usage: Social Platforms (GWI Data Pack) • Mobile Apps Active Usage: Named Apps (GWI Data Pack) Question: What are you main reasons for using social networking services? /// Source: GlobalWebIndex Q3 2014 /// Base: Social networkers aged 16-64, exc. China Want to explore this data on the PRO Platform? Enter “Motivations” in the free search box, or click Social Media > Social Network Services > Motivations to use a Social Network In some cases, the percentages for the youngest networkers are more than twice those seen in the oldest group – a pattern in evidence for sharing details of their daily lives, meeting new people, filling spare time and finding funny or entertaining content. But perhaps the most revealing insights emerge through analyzing the areas where each group over-index the most compared to the average internet user. Doing this shows that 16-24s are highly focused on following celebrities and with sharing details of their lives/keeping up to do with what their friends are doing. In stark contrast, many older networkers seem to be engaging out of habit or because they don’t want to be left behind by their peers – with 55-64s posting some of the strongest relative figures for using networks because their friends are and because they tend to visit networks as part of their online routine. BIGGEST OVER-INDEX
  • 44. 44 FUTURE 7 OUTLOOK • The arrival of Facebook’s Atlas is very much a sign of things to come in terms of social advertising. Currently, a third or more of US Facebook and Twitter users say they are deploying ad-blocker tools when using the internet, while three quarters of global internet users report having deleted cookies from their browsers at some point. In this context, techniques which rely on a user being logged in or identified from personally reported data are set to enjoy a strong positioning. This is especially true in light of high levels of device sharing and VPN usage. • The ways in which people use Facebook will continue to evolve – especially as networking becomes more specialized and diversified and some of the smaller platforms like Instagram and Pinterest challenge for mainstream status. Interactions on Facebook itself will become more passive and less frequent, although the site will not see any major short- or medium-term decline in membership or visitor rates. As a result, Facebook will still offer the type of scale and reach that no other platform can match. Although it has a major challenge to face in terms of teen engagement, its ownership of WhatsApp and Instagram will ensure it remains a highly relevant name among this audience. • Fast-growth nations are set to contribute the lion’s share of growth in terms of new internet users in the coming years. With online populations in these markets already the most enthusiastic about social networking, audiences in these countries are set to grow even more valuable to advertisers in the rest of this decade. • If current trends continue, mobiles will soon challenge PCs for supremacy in terms of the most favored social networking devices. PCs, laptops and tablets will still represent major access points – with multi-device usage being the prevailing trend – but networking is transitioning into a mobile-first activity. Strong uptake of messaging apps and services will be a particular driver for this. • Local platforms are struggling to compete with the truly global networks – as demonstrated by ongoing declines in usage on a site like Tuenti in Spain as well as the closure of Hyves in the Netherlands. Even in China, it’s clear that large numbers are keen to use international platforms like Google+, Facebook and Twitter. This does however bring opportunities for truly global campaigns.
  • 45. 45 www.globalwebindex.net Jason Mander Head of Trends E: jason@globalwebindex.net /// O: +44 20 7731 1614 A Trendstream Limited, Bedford House, 69-79 Fulham High Street, London, SW6 3JW, England