1. NVQ Level 2 Beauty Therapy
Identifying bones of the skull, neck,
chest and shoulder girdle
By Iona Walton
2. As a therapist performing a facial you need
to have knowledge of the bones that form
the head, neck, chest and shoulder girdle
3. • After your introduction
to the bones of the
cranium, face and
shoulder girdle the
aim of this package is
for you to be able to
correctly label a
diagram and name
these bone positions.
4. The skeleton has 3 main functions:
1. SHAPE – gives the body its shape
2. ATTACHMENT OF MUSCLES
3. PROTECTION of internal organs e.g. skull protects the brain
5. Bones of the skull
• The 22 bones that make up the head are
collectively known as the skull. The skull
forms our facial features, supports other
structures such as the eyes and protects
the brain. They can be divided into two
categories:
• Facial bones – 14 bones form the face
• Cranial bones – 8 bones form the rest of
the head
7. Bones of the Cranium
• Frontal x1
Forms the forehead and upper
eye sockets
• Parietal x2
Forms the main part of the top
and back (upper sides) of the
skull
• Temporal x2
Found at the side of the head,
around the ears
8. Bones of the Cranium
• Sphenoid x1
Forms part of the eye orbit,
connects the skull to the face
• Ethmoid x1
Forms the medial portion of the
eye orbits, houses the nerves
of the eyes, separates the
nasal passages
• Occipital x1
Located at the back of the skull
9. Bones of the cranium
BONE POSITION
Frontal x1 Forms the forehead and upper eye sockets
Parietal x2 Forms the main part of the top and back (upper
sides) of the skull
Temporal x2 Found at the side of the head, around the ears
Sphenoid x1 Forms part of the eye orbit, connects the skull to
the face
Ethmoid x1 Forms the medial portion of the eye orbits, houses
the nerves of the eyes, separates the nasal
passages
Occipital x1 Located at the back of the skull
10. Bones of the face
• Mandible x1
The lower jaw bone – only
moveable bone in the face
• Maxilla x2
The upper jaw and soft palate
of the mouth
• Zygomatic x2
The cheek bones
11. Bones of the face
Lacrimal x 2
Forms the inner part of the eye
orbit and part of the nasal
passages. Houses the tear ducts
and these link to the nasal
passages
12. Bones of the face
Palatine x2
Internal bone found behind the
maxilla, forms part of the nasal
cavities & the hard palate of the
mouth
13. Bones of the face
Vomer x1
Inside the nose, divides the nasal
passages
14. Bones of the face
Nasal x2
Forms the bridge of the nose
15. Bones of the face
Bone Position
Mandible x1 The lower jaw bone – only moveable bone in the face
Maxilla x2 The upper jaw and soft palate of the mouth
Zygomatic x2 The cheek bones
Turbinate x2 The spongy bones that increase the surface area of the
nasal passages
Lacrimal x2 Forms the inner part of the eye orbit and part of the
nasal passages. Houses the tear ducts and these link to
the nasal passages
Palatine x2 Internal bone found behind the maxilla, forms part of the
nasal cavities & the hard palate of the mouth
Vomer x1 Inside the nose, divides the nasal passages
Nasal x2 Forms the bridge of the nose
16. Bones of the shoulder girdle
Cervical vertebrae x 7
The part of the spine that
forms the neck
Clavicle x 2
The collar bone runs from the
shoulder to the breast bone,
below the neck, part of
shoulder girdle
17. Bones of the shoulder girdle
Sternum x1
The breast bone (dagger shaped),
located in the middle of the chest
Humerus x2
The upper arm
18. Bones of the shoulder girdle
Scapula x 2
The shoulder blades situated in
the upper back.
19. Bones of the shoulder girdle, neck and chest
Bones Position
Cervical vertebrae x 7 The part of the spine that forms the neck
Clavicle x 2 The collar bone runs from the shoulder to the
breast bone, below the neck, part of shoulder
girdle
Sternum x 2 The breast bone, located in the middle of the
chest
Scapula x 2 The shoulder blades situated in the upper
back.
Humerus x 2 The upper arm
25. A: B:
Just to create more
work for you
£200
Why do you need to know about the bones of head, neck,
chest and shoulders?
C: D:
Just to pass the
written exam
To understand
underlying structures &
to give correct massage
You don’t need to
know
34. A: B:Form the main part of
top and back of skull
At the back of the skull
£1000
Where are the temporal bones?
C: D:Inside the nose At the sides of the
head, around the ears
43. A: B:
Inside nose, divides
the nasal passages
Forms the inner part of
the eye orbit and part
of the nasal passages
£8,000
What are the position of the nasal bones_____________
C: D:Forms the bridge of the
nose
Behind maxilla, forms
part of nasal cavities
and the hard palate of
the mouth
55. A: B:In the upper arm Forming the forehead
£125,000
Where are the clavicle bones?
C: D:
Running from the
shoulder to the breast
bone below neck
At the back of the skull
67. Anatomical Terms
Terminology Description
Eye Orbit In anatomy the orbital bone
is the cavity or socket of the
skull in which the eye is
situated
Medial Towards the midline
Palate Roof of the mouth
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