1.
OSLO FIGHTS
WATER LOSSES
A NEW STATE-OF-THE-
ART LEAKAGE
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
John Stasig Mørk
Regional Director Asia
jstm@niras.dk

2.
Presenter
John Stasig Mørk has over 30 years of professional
experience from work in multiple Asian countries in various
technical, business development and general management
positions in the water and environmental sectors. He is a
graduate of chemical engineering from the Technical
University of Denmark and was assigned Regional Director
Asia of NIRAS A/S in 2021. He is currently in charge of
NIRAS private / public sectors business.
John Stasig Mørk
Regional Director, Asia
jstm@niras.dk

3.
r
27
2,600
Worldwide Presence
Universal values
51
Project
7,000

4.
Oslo Water
Facts
• App. 700.000 inhabitants
• NRW level at around 35% - 50% in many
areas
• Strategy for the ongoing 5-year NRW
Masterplan to reduce NRW to 25% in Oslo.
• Implementation of a Water Network
Management System for optimization of
planning and design as well as monitoring.
• Hydraulic modelling, pressure management
• Support system for leakage detection and
reduction activities
4

5.
WATER LOSS IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
5
Source: IBNET (database.ib-net.org) & SWAN (www.swan-forum.com)

6.
ONE SOLUTION - COMBINING TECHNOLOGIES
Economy
GIS
Asset
Manageme
nt
Smart
Meter
MIS CIS
Water
Sample
Hydraulic
Model
Pump
Valve SCADA
Noise Logger
The LEAKman concept provides a state
of the art NRW Management system that:
• Integrates all operational systems
• Provides a dynamic overview of the
state and performance of the
operation
• Transform the water supply system to
a Smart Water Network
• Offers well proven technologies for
pressure management and leakage
control

7.
WATER SCARCITY
7
Denmark
Norway
Neither Denmark nor Norway have water scarcity,
so why are we looking into reducing NRW?

8.
8
OSLO
CHALLENGES
1/4/2023
• 35-50% NRW and increasing lack of
investments for rehabilitation
• Highly elevated area
• Population growth
• Limited capacity at treatment plants – new
plant is now required
• No individual metering
• No cultural reduction as water is ”free” –
running from mountains
• No electrical cost – hydro power is ”free”
• No DMA’s and no NRW KPI, so no tool to
prioritize
• Standard offline hydraulic model without DMA
– only for planning purpose
• Noise logger teams using standard schedules

9.
Hydraulic model
+50 DMA’s created during project
9
The hydraulic model was built
based on GIS and estimated Per
Unit Consumption. DMAs were
planned based on modelling
results.

10.
District Metering Areas
Dividing the distribution network into manageable areas
Lavtrykk
FT1
Ljan langs
mosseveien (7K)
80
Østensjø (7D)
178
Nordstrand (7G)
178
Høytrykk
PT1
Lavtrykk
FT1
PT1
VP12
Lambertseter (7F)
236
VP07
Brannfjel (7R)
250
Skullerudskogeni
(7V)
205
RK152
FT3
Øyene (7J)
80
TV1
RK126
RK125
RK160
RK164
Ljan (7H)
120
Bekkelagsterrassen
RK135
RK157
RK129
RK137
RK136
RK133
RK132
RK161
Prinsdal (7M)
178
RK139
Holmliaveien
RK138
Holmlia (7N)
140
VP13
Klemetsrud (7O)
236
RK163
RK148?
Søndre Dal (7L)
200
RK143
Mot 7L
RK144
Meklenborg (7P)
236
Bjørndal (7Q)
250
VP06
RK147
RK146
Bekkelagsveien
Vest (7J)
100
Bekkelagsveien Øst
(7G)
135
Langs
Enebakkveien
178
FT2
FT2
PT2
RK 143
Mot 7D
MK
100
MK
101
MK
109
MK
102
MK
103
MK
104
10
Network Topology was
transferred into networks
diagrams to secure DMA
sections and operations
were as expected.
Network Diagram

11.
Very limited metered consumption
Less than 10% of demand in Oslo is metered
11
Each DMA zone flow determines
the user profile based on Per Unit
Consumption.

12.
Management Information System
IWA KPIs plus additional based on LEAKman
HOMIS - a Holistic Management Information System – was installed to provide online access
to key performance indicators for all DMAs created.
HOMIS was configured in 3 hierarchical levels, and e.g. facilitates access to automated water
balance calculations and reports for any area on daily, weekly or monthly basis.

13.
How to solve the multiple Interface Complexity
Learnings from a real world implementation
• Need for standardized interfaces
and communication protocols to
minimize configuration works and
system maintenance.
• Prevent redundant data systems
that are non-synchronized.
13
Noise
Loggers
SCADA
Hydraulic
Model
Management
Information
System
Customer
Information
System
GIS
Monitoring
Asset
Management
Smart
Meters

14.
Water losses traced by district
Overall districts can be compared.
14

15.
Water losses traced by DMA
Drill down into DMA’s
15

16.
Performance Indicators
IWA Best Practice implemented plus add-ons
16
IWA PI PI
Water Resource indicators 4
Personnel indicators 26
Physical indicators 15
Operational indicators 44
Quality of Service indicators 34
Economical and Financial indicators 47
Total 170
Combining the IWA
best practice with
LEAKman developed
PIs / KPIs such as
DMA Average Pressure
and noise logger
status supports the
leakage team in
prioritizing their
efforts.

17.
Analysis using KPI’s
Leak potential analysis
17
If i.e. the Minimum Night Flow raises an alarm the DMA can easily be investigated for other
KPI’s to ensure the sanity of the alarm or reject the alarm as false.
Included in the analysis is beside SCADA data also data from the online Hydraulic Modelling
System (HMS)
IWA: Non Revenue Water
LEAKman : Absolute MNF
HMS : Simulated Average Pressure

18.
Online HMS
The Digital Twin of a network
• In the online Hydraulic
modelling System all relevant
data for taking the right
decision are available
including hydraulic and
quality results for all DMA’s
• The Digital Twin is in addition
also used for both planning
and contingency operations to
understand how the service is
affected by changes to
operation.
18

19.
A DMA
HMS data for a DMA
19
For each DMA the real time
HMS generates continously
zone results.

20.
Checking pressures
Measured vs calculated in the HMS
• Pressure trends
can be
investigated if an
alarm is raised.
• Sudden changes to
profiles indicate
something has
happened which
must be
investigated
20

21.
Checking ongoing work
Ruling out other causes.
• Failing meters or
strange pressure
profiles may be
caused by
ongoing
maintenance
works which can
be displayed in
the MIS and HMS
21

22.
Noise loggers in the MIS and HMS
Decision making using multiple data sources
• For further support and better and fast leak
detection Oslo is now testing permanent
noise loggers.
• Noise logger alarms and battery level issues
alarms in the MIS and HMS and displays the
state.
• The loggers are also used to priortize the
potential leak alarms from the DMA’s
22

23.
Overall Oslo has now a Smart Water
Network Management System
Or a Digital Twin of their distribution network.
Combining data and functions:
• Planning
• Design
• Operate
• Monitor
• Control
• Improve
• Strategy
23

24.
The Evolution of ICT Systems
SWAN - Smart Water Network Forum
When reaching level
4 the need for
integration between
ICT Systems is
required !
24

25.
• Real-time Hydraulic Modelling
• Intelligent Pumps
• Intelligent Valves
• Smart Metering
• Noise Loggers
LEAKman Technologies
25
• Holistic Management Information
System (HOMIS)
• Online Benchmarking
• Based on IWA & AWWA Best
Practices!

26.
DANISH COOPERATION
26

27.
LEAKman PROCESS OVERVIEW
Phase 1
NRW master plan
Network & asset
registration
Leakage detection
Speed & quality of repairs
Phase 2
Hydraulic modeling
Instrumentation
Data collection
Online monitoring &
reporting
Phase 3
Pressure management
Active leakage control
Water balance
reporting
Training & education
Phase 4
Pipeline management &
rehabilitation
KPI monitoring & reporting
Performance management
Evaluation & new targets
NRW
Level
> 30%
15 – 25%
10 - 15%
< 10%

28.
Goals achieved for Oslo until now:
• Creation of +50 DMAs – and more to come
• Connection various Infrastructure
Communication Systems and combining data
to give access to MIS and HMS
• Getting a holistic overview of DMA KPI’s
• Reduce pressures in pressure zones (Pilot
successfully tested)
• Evaluate test of permanent noise loggers
28

29.
Next Steps for Oslo:
• Test and install smart meters at customers
• Finalize DMA sectioning
• Understand and prioritize by using Holistic
Management System and the Online
Hydraulic Modelling System
• Look into strategic rehabilitation of
infrastructure
29

30.
Take aways from the Oslo experience:
• Know your data
• Have an action plan for reducing NRW
• Rehabilitation / renewal using history
• Sufficient investment and frequent evaluation
• Think long term – CAPEX vs OPEX
• Skilled, trained, qualified and empowered
personnel (capacity building)
• Big data is coming – use the data and do it
smart
• Holistic approach combines knowledge and
decisions
30

31.
Why focus on leakage management?

32.
We strive to move towards an enhanced
sustainable future