This document discusses logistics control over materials for metro rail projects. It examines the movement of materials from casting yards to construction sites. Key points discussed include:
1. Classifying materials based on value and size for efficient transportation without damage.
2. Using trucks for transporting materials up to 260km and trains for distances over 250km to reduce costs.
3. Planning the precast yard location near construction sites where local resources are available to minimize transportation costs.
The document concludes that following systematic logistics policies from material request to delivery can help control waste and costs for metro rail projects.
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objective of logistics management is to plan and co-ordinate all the activities to achieve peak levels of
delivered service and quality at the lowest possible cost in order to succeed in today’s global market place5
.
2. METHOD OF WORK
Logistic operations have been done with a case study in a way that it leads to the success of the project.
The Figure 1 shows the procedure to be followed by the starters for long-term cost savings, annual
operating costs, re-configuring.
Figure 2 Logistic operation mentioned in method of work
Also, a holistic approach for vehicle use during the plan and creative materials management plans may
qualify for LEAD Innovation in Design credits.
2.1. Logistic Operation in Detail
2.1.1. Provision
It targets for the perfect flow of all activities necessary to source materials to make the final products
deliver in the correct link of the supply chain.
2.1.2. Purchasing
• Choosing the companies which are suitable for giving the components which are necessary to the desired
project.
• Placing the purchase orders to the companies for delivering the quantities which have been ordered in time.
2.1.3. Production
Converting the raw materials and components of proper quality into the final product. Quality is achieved
with zero-defect practices like measurement, tools, control charts with full quality management.
2.1.4. Dispatch
From the manufacturing plant after completing the manufactured products, they are loaded into the
containers to deliver it to the final destination as they are pre-casted components. This is a part of the
process of distribution which transports products from manufacturers through various transporters. In time,
the finished products should be delivered without any damage by means of transport like aircraft, ship,
train, truck etc.
2.2. Integrated Logistics
• Processing order
• Purchasing
Order-taking Provision
ProduceDispatchCustomer
Purchase
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• Transport
• Scheduling production
• Inventory management
• Delivery
• Managing warehouse
3. FINANCE
3.1. Cost Involved
For calculation of the price of vehicle for
3.1.1. Fixed Cost
Fixed costs are independent of the
range and they usually considered sunk for it.
3.1.2. Variable cost
Variable costs are dependent on output. Because the constant rate increases relative
while accounting they also often prefer mixed costs which are partly fixed and partly variable.
3.2. Price Escalation
Cost escalation is experienced as a
supposing economy everywhere a period. This is evocative to the
protest that escalation is dead set on to factor or piece of action of items, it is r
with changes in the corruption supply, and it tends to be few and far between sustained. Escalation
considers genuine inflation familiar to the supply of capital and is furthermore driven by changes in
technology, practices. Specifically
given economy, shown in Figure 2.
Vf= Pf * fixed rate *(current diesel price
50%
Logistics Control Over Materials of Metro Rail
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For calculation of the price of vehicle for transportation, there are two factors involved
of the output value. They preferably remain constant throughout the desired
range and they usually considered sunk for it.
output. Because the constant rate increases relative
while accounting they also often prefer mixed costs which are partly fixed and partly variable.
a climax in the charge or worth of flat chapter and verse or services in a
supposing economy everywhere a period. This is evocative to the concept of deficit finance and downfall
protest that escalation is dead set on to factor or piece of action of items, it is r
with changes in the corruption supply, and it tends to be few and far between sustained. Escalation
considers genuine inflation familiar to the supply of capital and is furthermore driven by changes in
ecifically, supply on demand imbalances that are tenacious to
given economy, shown in Figure 2.
Vf= Pf * fixed rate *(current diesel price – previous diesel price)/ (previous diesel price)
Figure 3 Price escalation
15%
35%
less
distance
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there are two factors involved
value. They preferably remain constant throughout the desired
output. Because the constant rate increases relative to labor and capital
while accounting they also often prefer mixed costs which are partly fixed and partly variable.
in the charge or worth of flat chapter and verse or services in a
deficit finance and downfall
protest that escalation is dead set on to factor or piece of action of items, it is regular not to a great degree
with changes in the corruption supply, and it tends to be few and far between sustained. Escalation
considers genuine inflation familiar to the supply of capital and is furthermore driven by changes in
supply on demand imbalances that are tenacious to a profitable in a
previous diesel price)/ (previous diesel price)
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4. MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
The classification of materials, logistics will be easy for the transportation to the desired site where
necessary in time. Divide the components according to their value and size; use the proper transporters for
easy handling without any damages in a logistics methodology. This leads to an effect in capital
investment6-7
.
5. MOVEMENT OF COMPONENTS
5.1. Transportation
Transportation means a grant of materials from one dormitory to another in a cost sensible way under the
imposition of time. To certify effectively, cost sensible Logistics Management, an organization should lay
the roots for a certain, economical transportation operation. With a reasonable transportation network, an
organization is sensible to implement major strategic changes to reduce costs and take a turn for better
customer job levels with absolutely little eruption to the complete supply chain flow.
A certain transportation network begins mutually end-to-end combine visibility. Visibility allows the
function to focus production operations to low-cost places without an impact on customer service levels,
for any uncertainty within the network can be monitored and at the proper time managed to protect
inventory levels as reserved as possible.
5.2. Modes of Transportation
5.2.1. Roadways
A road is a considered path chose to travel, which is surfaced with asphalt, gravel or cement concrete
which supports passage by foot or by a number of vehicles. The common road vehicle is the automobile, a
wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor.
Truck plays an important role in the supply chain management. Complete deregulation for all states
didn’t occur until 1995. After 1996 deregulation, buyers got the better options for the selection of the better
transportation type. At the same time, pricing was opened to free markets. Trucks are the better option to
retrieve many greater locations than airplanes or rails. Local truck lines are fine for little, regular shipments
that demand follow-up or expediting. They are virtually effective with small distances. However, the
trucks are little slower than some distinctive type of transportation (air). Trucks cannot carry as much
cargo as ships or trains can and they cannot go completely without stopping.
5.2.2. Railways
Railways charge less than other modes while shipping sample of quantities or bulked goods during far
distances. Trains run with a constant time schedule than lorries or airplanes. Shippers make out to be not
much efficient for an absolute divert of a load of freight from one destination to another destination. The
desired delivery point changes for obtaining products in transit cases of urgency may be not convenient.
The train booking for bulk order has to be done 1-2 months prior. Mode of transportation is feasible if
the distance between origin and destination is greater than 250 km to reduce the price of transportation and
control logistics.
By the case studies of metros, materials have been classified into 5 classes based on their value to
divide the transporters to their destinations for time saving.
5.2.3. Airways
Cost per pound significantly off from different transportation types. Airlines demand much for the indirect
destination or destinations that are not eligible with road and water. With proper studies, we have
discovered that many exclusive air freight delivery shipments could be delivered for low-cost type and
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again posted within the necessary pioneer range. Airways at the site are used when the machines break
down suddenly and the replacement of it has to be done urgently.
5.2.4. Waterways
This method is slow when compared to air, as this can uphold much greater cargo than an air cargo; costs
are weakened obviously by choosing ships from air type of transport. The cars of metros brought at the
heels of the rails have been laid, as they are a little bit slowly when compared to the distinctive modes of
transportation as demanded by the customer.
6. DISCUSSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• The site of the precast yard to be constructed near to the construction site where local resources available.
• Material Management is done by using the nearest available sources.
• Fly-Ash to be brought from local thermal power stations as they are the bottom product.
• The cost of aggregates should be lower by ordering metric tons and distance from the site should be not
more than 40kms.
• Sand to be brought from local river sand wholesalers within 60 kms.
• Cement should be bought of good quality from major suppliers within the distance of 30kms far from the
site with the best rate of the deal.
• A contract to be signed by the concessionaire with the petroleum services which to be reviewed for a certain
period of days. With this, we can reduce the whole project cost with the fuel itself.
• Large tankers for filling to be provided in the casting yard itself.
• Necessary vehicles and equipment with capacity are to be used for the desired work.
• As per economy, the best to be chosen from Fixed and Variable cost for the transportation.
• 60kms to 260kms of the radius of distance is to be permitted for trucks and greater than 250kms for trains.
• As the month ending from 26th
-4th
trucks will be at a higher cost to hire, so 5th
-25th
would be better at low
cost.
• Two months prior booking of trains will reduce the economy.
• It doesn’t matter as ship cargos are slow, the cars of the rails are brought only after laying rails.
7. CONCLUSIONS
With some case studies carried on inventory storages for metro, projects are different from traditional
construction projects. Now we are able to understand the importance played by the logistics management
department and various techniques pertaining logistics management to casting yard. A systematic policy
right from the request of materials should be followed till delivery and store department playing a major
role in material supplying. The strategies followed are the best ways for metro projects to control wastages
and project cost from the material management activities. This will help in generalizing the logistic
methodology and good practices adopted in several other metro rails.
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