R&D for coal power in a carbon-constrained world

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I gave this short presentation on March 5, 2014 on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC at the request of four US Senators who wanted to highlight the research that is needed to maintain coal as a competitive option for power generation while reducing its CO2 emissions.

Technology

Technologies for coal power in a
carbon constrained world
Dr. Jeffrey N. Phillips
Senior Program Manager, Advanced Generation
Clean Coal Symposium
March 5, 2014

But Old Technology …
Henry Ford’s car of
the 1910s

© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

3

…Can Improve

Elon Musk’s car of the
2010s
Henry Ford’s car of the
1910s

© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

4

Emissions from North American Coal
Power Plants (Dates represent year plant began operating)
SO2

NOx

CO2

1400

35

1200

30

1000

25

800

20
600

15

400

10
5

200

0

0
1921

© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

1960

2012

5

Boundary
Dam

Kemper
IGCC

CO2 kg/MWhr

SO2 or NOx, kg/MWhr

40

Advanced Coal Power
Coal

MW

Power
Generation

CO2 Capture

CO2

Storage

Where Are The Opportunities For Improvement?
© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

6

Advanced Coal Power
Coal

MW

Power
Generation

CO2 Capture

• Make this more efficient, less
costly

Storage

• Consider completely new
power generation cycles
© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

CO2

7

Advanced Low Rank Coal Power
Brown Coal

MW

Power
Generation

CO2 Capture

• Make this more efficient, less
costly
• Current technologies use 2.5-3
times theoretical minimum energy
to capture & compress CO2
© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

8

CO2

Storage

Advanced Low Rank Coal Power
Brown Coal

MW

Power
Generation

CO2 Capture

• Make this less costly to find
• Prove that it is permanent &
safe

© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

9

CO2

Storage

Conclusion
• “Old coal” can be, and has been, improved
• Significant reductions in CO2 emissions will increase costs
of coal power if current technology is used
• In order to make coal power competitive while lowering
CO2 emissions, improvements are needed:
– In power generation systems
– In CO2 capture systems
– In finding safe and permanent options for CO2 storage

You cannot improve by standing still, it takes work
© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

10

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R&D for coal power in a carbon-constrained world

1. Technologies for coal power in a carbon constrained world Dr. Jeffrey N. Phillips Senior Program Manager, Advanced Generation Clean Coal Symposium March 5, 2014

5. Emissions from North American Coal Power Plants (Dates represent year plant began operating) SO2 NOx CO2 1400 35 1200 30 1000 25 800 20 600 15 400 10 5 200 0 0 1921 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 1960 2012 5 Boundary Dam Kemper IGCC CO2 kg/MWhr SO2 or NOx, kg/MWhr 40

7. Advanced Coal Power Coal MW Power Generation CO2 Capture • Make this more efficient, less costly Storage • Consider completely new power generation cycles © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. CO2 7

8. Advanced Low Rank Coal Power Brown Coal MW Power Generation CO2 Capture • Make this more efficient, less costly • Current technologies use 2.5-3 times theoretical minimum energy to capture & compress CO2 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 CO2 Storage

9. Advanced Low Rank Coal Power Brown Coal MW Power Generation CO2 Capture • Make this less costly to find • Prove that it is permanent & safe © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 CO2 Storage

10. Conclusion • “Old coal” can be, and has been, improved • Significant reductions in CO2 emissions will increase costs of coal power if current technology is used • In order to make coal power competitive while lowering CO2 emissions, improvements are needed: – In power generation systems – In CO2 capture systems – In finding safe and permanent options for CO2 storage You cannot improve by standing still, it takes work © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 10

R&D for coal power in a carbon-constrained world

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