Cranial nerve examination /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
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Cranial nerve examination /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
- 1. Cranial Nerve Examination INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY Leader in continuing dental education www.indiandentalacademy.com www.indiandentalacademy.com 1
- 2. Contents • Examination of each cranial nerve individually along with its sensory and motor components • Examination of reflexes associated with the cranial nerves • Common neurological disorders associated with the cranial nerves www.indiandentalacademy.com 2
- 5. Optic nerve • Visual acuity • Colour vision • Visual field • Fundoscopy • Perimetry www.indiandentalacademy.com 5
- 10. Perimetry Normal field of vision Laterally – 90-100 deg Medially – 60 deg Superiorly – 50-60 deg Inferiorly – 60-75 deg www.indiandentalacademy.com 10
- 13. Optic atrophy Papilloedema Diabetic retinopathy Central artery occlusion www.indiandentalacademy.com Central vein occlusion 13
- 14. III, IV, And VI Nerves www.indiandentalacademy.com 14
- 15. Conjugate horizontal eye movement Eye III nu. LR MLF MR VI nu. + www.indiandentalacademy.com PPRF 15
- 16. Conjugate horizontal eye movement Eye III nu. LR MLF MR VI nu. + www.indiandentalacademy.com PPRF 16
- 17. Conjugate horizontal eye movement - Lesion near midline of p Eye LR MLF MR III nu. X VI nu. + www.indiandentalacademy.com PPRF 17
- 18. III n. paralysis VI n. paralysis www.indiandentalacademy.com 18
- 22. Trigeminal Nerve Sensory General Sharp and dull Temperature Light touch www.indiandentalacademy.com 22
- 25. Consensual corneal reflex V nu. pons VII nu V n. Orbicularis oculi www.indiandentalacademy.com 25
- 26. Consensual corneal reflex V nu. pons VII nu V n. Orbicularis oculi www.indiandentalacademy.com 26
- 28. Innervation of facial muscles left facial nu Cortical innervation of left face Upper half: bilateral Lower half: predominantly contralateral www.indiandentalacademy.com 28
- 29. Innervation of facial muscles X left facial nu www.indiandentalacademy.com 29
- 30. Innervation of facial muscles X left facial nu Lesion causes paralysis of contralateral lower face www.indiandentalacademy.com 30
- 31. Innervation of facial muscles left facial nu X www.indiandentalacademy.com 31
- 32. Innervation of facial muscles left facial nu X Lesion causes paralysis of ipsilateral forehead & lower www.indiandentalacademy.com 32 face
- 33. Innervation of facial muscles X "Close your eyes and smile" www.indiandentalacademy.com 33
- 37. Vestibulocochlear Nerve •Schwabach’s test •Weber’s test •Rinne’s test www.indiandentalacademy.com 37
- 38. Transmission of sound VIII n. www.indiandentalacademy.com middle ear mastoid 38
- 39. Transmission of sound Sound can be conducted by bone (at mastoid) VIII n. mastoid www.indiandentalacademy.com 39
- 40. Transmission of sound - Test 1 x VIII n. www.indiandentalacademy.com 40
- 41. Transmission of sound - Test 1 x no transmission www.indiandentalacademy.com middle ear mastoid 41
- 42. Transmission of sound - Test 2 no transmission xVIII n. www.indiandentalacademy.com 42
- 43. Transmission of sound - Test 2 x VIII n. the louder sound on this side may be due to change in (i) bone micro-structure; (ii) www.indiandentalacademy.com sensitivity of the nerve 43
- 50. Lesion of Vagus Nerve Vagus nerve: soft palate palate droops uvula may deviate to normal side nasal tone food enters nose pharynx x gag reflex arches move to normal side dysphagia www.indiandentalacademy.com food enters larynx 50
- 53. food www.indiandentalacademy.com explains regurgitation into respiratory passage 53
- 54. food Disoordinated pharyngeal contraction www.indiandentalacademy.com explains regurgitation into respiratory passage 54
- 57. A probable exlanation WH K view from below jaw genioglossus www.indiandentalacademy.com 57
- 62. References • The neurological examination; Dejong • Chamberlain’s Symptoms and signs in clinical medicine • www.eustaciantube.org www.indiandentalacademy.com 62