The document summarizes a presentation about improved solid-state hydrogen analyzing systems. It discusses a hydrogen sensor technology using palladium-nickel alloy films that can accurately measure hydrogen from 0.5% to 100% with a response time under 30 seconds. The presentation outlines the technology background, analyzer performance and specifications, tolerance to contaminants, field data from refinery installations, and applications in refineries and petrochemical plants.

1. Session 2 / AD.10.02.01
Improved S lid St t Hydrogen
I d Solid-State H d
Specific Analyzing Systems
Prabhu Soundarrajan, Vikas Lakhotia
H2scan Corporation, Valencia, California, USA
Analytical Solutions in a “Not So Big Easy” Economic Environment
The 55th Annual Symposium of the Analysis Division
New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; 25-29 April 2010

2. Presentation Outline
• Technology Background and Overview
• Analyzer Performance and Improved
Specifications
• New Developments
• References and Field Data
• Conclusions
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 2
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

3. Technology Background
• Hydrogen specific solid-state analyzer technology for H2
measurement from 0 5% to 100% v/v.
0.5% v/v
• Palladium – Nickel alloy films provide high stability
• Advanced material coatings for continuous operation in harsh
contaminant environments
• Temperature control loop compensates for external fluctuations
• Sensor capable of operation i N2 O2 other i t gas b k
S bl f ti in N2, O2, th inert backgrounds
d
and multi-component gas streams
• Quick and easy integration
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 3
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

4. Solid State Hydrogen Sensors
Sensors Utilize the Unique Interaction of
Hydrogen with P ll di
H d ith Palladium
H2 Pd
H
Molecular hydrogen (H2) adsorbs Atomic hydrogen is reversibly
on palladium and dissociates into absorbed into palladium
atomic hydrogen (2H) proportional to H2 partial pressure
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 4
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

5. Detection Mechanisms
Absorption in Palladium is Specific to Hydrogen
Hydrogen increases Interfacial hydrogen
bulk resistivity shifts charge density
∆R / R
∆C
0.5 100 15 5000
% H2 ppm H2
Resistor Capacitor
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 5
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

6. Improved In-Line Process Hydrogen Analyzer
In Line
• Hydrogen specific: 0.5% H2 to 100% H2 v/v
• Response ti
R time (T90) < 30 sec
• Accuracy(*): ± 0.15% absolute for 0.5 to 10% H2
± 0.50% absolute for 10 to 100% H2
• Unique models for CO, H2S
q ,
• 4-20mA, RS422 or RS232 serial connectivity
• On-site verification and calibration
• Approved for hazardous locations
pp
– Intrinsically safe design
• Cost effective to buy / install / maintain
• Adaptation to NeSSITM Platform (Designs in place
with Swagelok, Circor, EIF, and Parker)
g , , , )
* Applicable under process conditions stated in datasheet
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 6
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010 6

7. Process Hydrogen Analyzing System (AS)
Accurate measurement in multi-
component gas streams
No requirement for carrier or reference
gas
Real time H2 specific measurement
Compatible with legacy sample systems
Recommended Verification: 90 days
NEMA 4 weather-proof enclosure
Installations:
Exxon Mobil, Billings (pending)
Air Liquide, ASU, Apr. ‘09.
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 7
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

8. Analyzer P f
A l Performance and d
Improved Specifications
Analytical Solutions in a “Not So Big Easy” Economic Environment
The 55th Annual Symposium of the Analysis Division
New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; 25-29 April 2010

9. Process Analyzer Specifications
y p
Notes:
Sensor performance specifications are only valid for units configured for a maximum 65 oC
Process stream temperature. All figures assume pressure compensation, operating in ambient
That do not contain Oxygen and are in addition to any errors in the calibration gases used.
Accuracy is specified for serial port output only.
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 9
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

10. H2scan Accuracy and Linearity
Linearity maintained from 0 – 100%
y
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 10
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

11. H2scan sensor repeatability
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 11
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

12. Analyzer Stability
102
101 Stability in 100% H2 Test Gas
Stability in 100% H2 Test Gas
100
99
Drift = 0.5% H2 / month
98
% 2
H
97
96
95 Analyzer provides accurate measurement for H2 Process Control
(Barometric pressure corrected readings)
94
93
92
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (Days)
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 12
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

13. Improved Contaminant Tolerance
I dC t i tT l
and New Developments
Analytical Solutions in a “Not So Big Easy” Economic Environment
The 55th Annual Symposium of the Analysis Division
New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; 25-29 April 2010

14. % Level CO Tolerance
1110.000
N2 bkg 20%CO bkg N2 bkg
1108.000
1108 000
(4) (1) 100% N2
1106.000 (4)
(2) 1000ppm H2/ bkg.
(3) 1%H2 / bkg.
1104.000 (4) 10%H2 / bkg.
e is n e d i]
R s ta c [P -N
-
1102.000
1102 000
1100.000
1098.000
1096.000 (3) (3)
1094.000
(2)
(2)
1092.000 (1)
tickmarks = 5 hrs (1)
1090.000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Time (Hours)
Testing performed at Sandia National Labs
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 14
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

15. % Level CO Tolerance (Contd.)
( )
Testing performed at Sandia National Labs
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 15
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010 H2scan Confidential

16. Performance in %H2S Streams
UOP data provided to H2scan
Notes (Test duration: 4 days):
Sensor exposed to H2S blend 8 hours per day
Sensor exposed to H2S blend ~ 8 hours per day
Rest of the day the sensor was exposed to 1%H2balance N2
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 16
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

17. Low ppm measurement capability
(in Nitrogen ambient only)
Under Development
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 17
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

18. Certifications
• ATEX IS Certification done on current products.
UL Ex-proof certification underway on new
products.
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 18
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010 18

19. Applications, Fi ld D t and
A li ti Field Data d
References
Analytical Solutions in a “Not So Big Easy” Economic Environment
The 55th Annual Symposium of the Analysis Division
New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; 25-29 April 2010

20. Refinery and Petrochemical Applications
Refinery Applications Petrochemical Applications
Catalytic Reformers Catalytic Reformers
Hydrogen in Recycle Gas Hydrogen in Recycle Gas
Hydrocrackers Isomar
Hydrogen i R
H d in Recycle G
l Gas Hydrogen in Recycle Gas
Hydrogen Make-up Hydrogen Make-up
Hydrotreaters Tatoray
Hydrogen in Recycle Gas Hydrogen in Recycle Gas
Hydrogen Make-up Hydrogen Make-up
Light Naphta Isomerization Units
Hydrogen in Recycle Gas New Applications
Hydrogen Unit Hydrogen Optimization in Hydrogen Plants
Hydrogen To header Refinery Hydrogen Management
Other H2 in tail gas, PSA performance monitoring ( % CO)
Purchased Hydrogen To header
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 20
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

21. Data from Refinery Installation
y
1) Trend with GC consistent
2) Plant and analyzer were out of service for a Regen
3) System pressure fluctuations attributed to variance
1 2 3 1
H2scan is the primary analyzer and has replaced obsolete analyzer and
trends well with lab GC measurements (20 months in service)
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 21
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010 21

22. Refinery Installation – Example 1 (contd.)
Reduced install cost labor and training
cost,
Field verification using standard gases
Replaced obsolete process analyzer
(COSA)
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 22
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010

23. Refinery Installation – Example 2
• Installed in Diesel Hydro
treater (DHT) recycle loop
using existing sample system
• Replaced obsolete process
analyzer (TCD)
• Reduced install cost, labor and
training
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 23
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010 H2scan Confidential 23

24. Reference List
Company/ Customer Location Application Date Installed
Universal Oil Products
Uni ersal Oil Prod ts Des Plaines, Illinois,
Des Plaines Illinois Proprietary UOP
Proprietar UOP Installed since
Installed sin e
(UOP) USA processes January 2008
ConocoPhillips Ponca City, Oklahoma Catalytic May 2008
Reformer Recycle
y
ConocoPhillips Ferndale Refinery, DHT Recycle February 2009
Washington Hydrogen
Exxon Mobil Billings, Montana Recycle Installation
Hydrogen
d Pending
P di
Port Jerome, France Feb 2010
Air Liquide Blytheville, Arkansas, Air Separation April 2009
USA Plan
ConocoPhillips R &D Bartlesville, Oklahoma H2 production April 2009
lab test
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 24
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010 24

25. Summary
• Hydrogen Specific Technology
– Demonstrated capability for operation in harsh p
p y p process
environments (H2S, CO, CO2, H2O)
– 0.5 to 100% H2 range, Response time (<30 sec), Accuracy
(
(±0.5%), Minimal calibration
),
• Cost Effective for the Process Industry
– No routine maintenance
– 10 year product life expectancy
• Compact, Rugged, and Field Portable
– On-site calibration
Solid-state hydrogen sensors enable new monitoring applications
through both enhanced capability and reduced cost
AD 2010: Analysis Division Symposium Slide 25
New Orleans, LA, USA; 25-29 April 2010