Matter? What is
that?
By: Isabel Chandler

Say what?
 Everything is made up of matter!
 However, it is categorized
 But it cannot be categorized by phase or color…
 Therefore…. Scientist ask 3
questions

Questions
 Is the matter uniformed (same) throughout?
 Can it be separated by chemical means?
 Can is be separated by physical means?

Categories


Pure Substances
Can it be separated physically?
No- the it’s a Compound
Yes- then its an Element Made up of more than
one element
Water is an example
H2O
 cannot be changed into simpler
substance (heating or chemical
process)
Smallest particle and building
block is an atom
Elements on Table of Element
Elements combined make million
compounds
Atoms vary depending on
element-1 kind of element (unique)

Mixture
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Look consistent
 Not uniform, doesn’t Particles are
appear constant small, not easily
recognizable
 Particles large enough to
be seen throughout
Suspension Pure
 Combined physically substance

Colloid
 A homogeneous mixture
 It’s particles are mixed together, but not dissolved.
Particles large and are kept permanently suspended.
 Will not separate upon standing
 Often seems cloud because particles are constantly
running into one another

Solution
 Type of homogeneous mixture
 Formed when a substance dissolves
 Best mixed of all
 Solute- is dissolved
 Solvent- does the dissolving

Separation Techniques
 Distillation- use of boiling point
 Filtration- based on particle size and solubility

Distillation
 A process that separates the substance in a solution based
on boiling points
 Plateau- the point at which a line flattens out
 The plateau is used to determine when one substance is at
its boiling point, and when there has been one substance
dissolved
 Example: Mixture or Pure Substance? Lab

Filtration/Evaporation
 A process used to isolate materials based on their particle
size, or solubility
 Put filter paper in funnel over test tube. It will isolate the
liquid from the solid. Then take out the filter paper, and let
it sit for the night so the remaining liquid can Evaporate.

Evaporation
 A process used to isolate a solid dissolved in a liquid
 Property- Solubility
 Example- NaCl and water (salt)
 Disclaimer (Con)- only can isolate solid (-water evaporates
into air)

Chemical Changes
 Flammability
 A materials ability to burn
 Reactivity
 Hoe readily a substance combines chemically with other
substances

Evidence of a Chemical Change
 Color change
 Ex; Oxidizing
 Production of gas
 Ex: Evidence of Bubbles
 Formation of precipitate
 Ex: Cottage cheese
 Change in temperature
 EXOTHERMIC/ENDOTHERMIC

Chemical vs. Physical
 Chemical- Composition of substance is different
 Physical- Composition of substance is the same

Study Questions
 What are the differences between a
solution, suspension, and colloid?

Study Questions
 What is a physical property?

Study Questions
 What are the definitions of…
 Melting Point
 Boiling Point
 Density
 Viscosity
 Conductivity
 Malleability
 Hardness
 Odor
 Solubility

Study Questions
 How could you use physical properties to identify
substances?

Student Questions
 How can we use physical properties to separate mixtures?

Study Questions
 What is a physical change

Study Questions
 What is a chemical change?

Study Questions
 What are two chemical property?

Study Questions
 How do you recognize a chemical change?

Study Questions
Fill in the blank
“__________ properties can be observed only when the
substances in the sample of matter are changing into
different substances.”

Study Questions
 What is the difference between a chemical change vs. a
physical change?

Study Questions
 What do bubbles mean when performing an experiment?

Study Questions
 What is a mixture?

Study Questions
 What is a pure substance?

Study Questions
 What three questions scientist ask to categorize?

Study Questions
 What are these called
 H2O
 Hg
 Ni

Study Questions
 What is a bowl filled with gummy bear be called?

Study Questions
 What is a hetergeous mixture?

Study Questions
 What is homogeneous mixture?

Study Questions
 What are elements?

Study Questions
 What is compound?

Study Questions
Fill in the blank.
The smallest particle of an element is a _______.
All samples of pure substances are have (the) same
composition.