Basic math (addition)

Basic
Math
Counting and
Addition
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Counting
One 1

Two 2

Three 3

Four 4

Five 5
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Six 6

Seven 7

Eight 8

Nine 9

Ten 10


Addition
Addition is ..
... bringing two or more numbers (or things) together to
make a new total
Here 1 ball is added
to 1 ball
to make 2 balls:

"One plus one
And in words it is:
equals two"

3+2=5


WHOLE NUMBERS
Addition
Number Line
• Number Line - Shows numerals in order of value

Adding on the Number Line
• Adding on the Number Line (2 + 3 = 5)

Adding with pictures
• Adding with pictures


Addition of whole numbers
Set Model
To find “2 + 3”, one with 2 objects and the other with 3
objects, form their union, and count the total. (click to
see animation)


Measurement Model

In this model, the addition is performed on a number line.
For example, to calculate 3 + 4,
(1) draw an arrow with length 3 starting at 0.

(2) draw an arrow with length 4 starting from the end
of the previous arrow.

(3) the sum is then the length of the two arrows
combined together this way.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9


Count From A Number Upwards
Example: 6 + 3

Think "6 ... 7, 8, 9"

Jump Strategy
You can also count by 2s or 10s, or make any "jumps"
you want to help you to solve a calculation.
Example: 4 + 12

Think "4 ... 14, 15, 16"


Alternative number line model for
addition
In this model, a bunny is sitting above the number 0
(which is its home base) facing right (which is the positive
direction), and will jump forward if it has to perform an
addition problem.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7


Example : 2 + 4
1. Our rabbit starts at 0 facing right.

2. It then hops forward 2 units because
it sees 2 in the beginning.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7


Example : 2 + 4

3. After this the bunny has to jump 4 more steps
forward because it sees +4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7


Example : 2 + 4

forward because it sees + 4.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7


Example : 2 + 4

2. It then hops forward 2 units because it sees 2 in
the beginning.
forward because it sees + 4.
Since the bunny finally stops at 6, we know that 2 + 4 = 6.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7


Names
Other names for Addition are :
 Sum
 Plus
 Increase
 Total
And the numbers to be added together are called the
"Addends":


Adding numbers with two digits
 Adding numbers with 1 digit is pretty straight forward.
 In general, you can do it mentally or use your fingers.
 Adding zero to a number never changes the number.

For Addition
Step 1: Add the one’s place number and take the carry to
the next step.

Step 2: Add the ten’s place number and also add the
carry and over the new carry to the next step.
Continue this process for every place in the given
number.


Handy rules for Addition:
a) Add the rightmost column. If this column contains only one
digit, we just write that digit under the column we are adding.
b) We need to go on to the next column and repeat the same
procedure.

In the above, we add the ones column first. Then, we carry over the tens to the tens
column. The 1 that we carry over has a place value of 10. However, there is no need to
write 10 because as we saw before in place value putting a 1 here in the tens place
means that there is 1 ten.

A man sold 230 balloons at a carnival in
the morning. He sold another 86
balloons in the evening.

a) How many balloons did he sell in all?

Morning Afternoon

230 86

?

A man sold 230 balloons at a carnival in the morning. He sold
another 86 balloons in the evening. How many did he sell in all?

Hundreds Tens Ones

3 1 6

Addition (count)
Adding in columns
• Adding in columns - Uses no equal sign

5 897
+5 + 368
Answer is called “sum”.
10 1265
Simple Complex


Basic math (addition)

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